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作者：Hercowitz, Z; Pines, D
作者单位：Tel Aviv University
摘要：This paper investigates the distribution of a population group between a home country and diaspora, given sequential decision-making regarding migration at the individual level. The home country is attractive to the members of the group, yet their presence there requires a fixed amount of public spending (e.g., on defense). The per-capita tax burden depends then on the size of the domestic population, reflecting a case of ''fiscal externality''. This results in an inefficient distribution of t...
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作者：Alm, J; Whittington, LA
作者单位：Georgetown University
摘要：In this paper we estimate the impact of the federal individual income tax on the timing of marital decisions. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the tax penalty often associated with marriage contributes to the decision of when to marry. Using household data from the Panel Study on Income Dynamics, we estimate various models of the probability of delaying marriage as a function of the change in tax burden caused by marriage (as well as several other variables). We find that there is a significan...
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作者：Figlio, DN
摘要：This paper uses detailed school-level data from 49 states to analyze the effects of tax-revolt era property tax limitations on school services. I find that limitations are associated with larger student-teacher ratios and lower cost-of-living adjusted starting teacher salaries, all else equal. These results are robust to modelling the results as endogenous and using a variety of measures for whether the limitation binds at particular schools. However, I find no such evidence that schools subje...
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作者：Cremer, H; Marchand, M; Pestieau, P
作者单位：University of Liege; Universite de Toulouse
摘要：Within a two-community setting, we study the optimal provision of a local public good which is indivisible and generates interjurisdictional spillovers. Each community has to decide whether or not to invest in this public good, The resulting Nash equilibrium is compared with an optimal solution based on a Benthamian welfare function, We then analyze to what extent conditional grants are able to restore optimality when needed. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.
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作者：Page, SE
摘要：This paper addresses the problem of locating an optimal package of public projects from a set of potential projects when the projects have positive complementarities. With many projects exhaustive evaluation is impossible which necessitates a search for efficient algorithms which locate the optimal package of projects. The main contribution of this paper is the construction of an efficient algorithm, among the set of appending algorithms, for projects with positive and positive uniform complem...
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作者：Murdoch, JC; Sandler, T
作者单位：Iowa State University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
摘要：This paper applies the theory of the voluntary provision of a pure public good to the behavior of nations to curb chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions during the late 1980s. By devising an empirical test, we determine that these cutbacks in emissions are consistent with Nash behavior. When taste parameters are controlled, the relationship between emission cutbacks and national income is nearly linear as implied by the theory. If the sample is purged of potential outliers, then the linear relatio...
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作者：Costrell, RM
摘要：I examine conditions under which centralized educational standards raise welfare, compared to decentralization. In this model, a uniform centralized standard only raises welfare when there is excessive cross-district pooling of graduates by employers. High cross-district heterogeneity of students and high degrees of egalitarianism can, surprisingly, favor centralization. In other cases centralization can lower standards in all districts, including the weakest. The cross-district patterns of wi...
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作者：Echevarria, CA; Iza, A
作者单位：University of Basque Country
摘要：We build up this short note on the Nerlove et al. (1993) paper published in this journal. We identify a computational error in that paper regarding the results on welfare analysis. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.
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作者：Bilodeau, M; Slivinski, A
作者单位：University of Sherbrooke; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University in Indianapolis; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：The paper develops a model in which a number of charities (or other nonprofit firms) provide various bundles of public goods or services through private donations. The motivation for individuals to found and operate such firms is that it allows them to influence the mix of public goods. It is their decisions regarding the allocation of donations across uses that matter in the end. Donors to these firms take into account the allocation decisions that will be made by the organizations to which t...
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作者：Black, J; de Meza, D
作者单位：Aberystwyth University; University of Exeter
摘要：This paper shows that in the presence of costly state verification, directly or indirectly subsidising entry to risky occupations may benefit everyone. The result holds even in the presence of private insurance. Indeed, it may be desirable to prohibit private insurance in favour of subsidies to hazardous activities. These findings do not depend on the government having an advantage over the private sector in observing outcomes. The explanation is that through its influence on equilibrium price...
