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作者：Razin, A; Yuen, CW
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Tel Aviv University
摘要：In the context of a human-capital-based growth model, we show the essential role of labor mobility in equalizing income levels for countries that start off from different initial income positions. Human capital externalities cum labor mobility are the driving forces behind the income level equalization process. In a non-cooperative equilibrium, labor mobility will be limited and income level equality will not be achieved. Coordination will allow free mobility of labor within an economic union,...
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作者：Winter, E
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：We propose a non-cooperative bargaining approach to the problem of collective decision making in committees by modelling this process as a sequential bargaining game. The main objective of the paper is to discuss the formation of the agenda in multi-issue committees, and its relation to the importance of the issues. We start by asserting that in the case of a single issue the set of all equilibrium outcomes of our game coincides with the set of coalitional stable outcomes. We then consider mul...
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作者：Karni, E; Chakrabarti, SK
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University in Indianapolis
摘要：This paper examines the effects of the political organization of a chain of markets on the level of taxes and the volume of trade. Using a game-theoretic approach we note that, under certain demand structures, noncooperative tax policies implemented by independent jurisdictions entail externalities detrimental to trade. We show that the monopolization of the chain of markets (or the implementation of cooperative tax strategies), by internalizing the costs associated with these externalities, i...
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作者：Mansoorian, A; Myers, GM
作者单位：University of Waterloo; York University - Canada
摘要：We compare the efficiency and social welfare properties of equilibria resulting from different governmental objectives in a federal system with a mobile population. The objectives considered are total utility, average utility, representative resident's utility, and profit maximization. The representative resident approach is unique in that it depends only on utility. It yields the best efficient allocation from the perspective of a government's residents. Average utility yields an efficient al...
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作者：Brueckner, JK
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Historically, additions to public infrastructure necessitated by urban growth have been financed under a cost-sharing approach. In the last several decades, however, financing of growth has increasingly relied on land-use exactions, where new residents pay for the cost of incremental infrastructure. Despite the emergence of a formal growth-control literature, there has been virtually no formal analysis of the connection between infrastructure financing and urban development. To provide such an...
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作者：Brito, DL; Intriligator, MD; Sheshinski, E
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：The explicit treatment of heterogeneity among the users of the commons leads to results that differ from those that are now generally accepted in the literature. The owner of the fixed factor is not able to expropriate the rents of privatization. Rather, the resulting distribution of income to the free factor after privatization depends on the technology and the institutional arrangements. This result extends to more than two goods if the decline in the price of the good produced in the common...
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作者：Gauthier, B; Gersovitz, M
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal
摘要：The administration of tax statutes materially determines their economic effects. A survey of Cameroonian businesses, a country seemingly typical of its economic level, demonstrates widespread erosion of the tax bases paid by businesses through exemptions and evasion. Businesses seem willing to provide information on these potentially confidential activities. The survey provides information on the number of businesses evading taxes or having exemptions, on the characteristics of these businesse...
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作者：Wilson, JD
摘要：The residential property tax has been viewed as a congestion fee, even if it distorts housing decisions. This paper shows that the rule for a competitive jurisdiction's optimal public good supply may be written in a form in which no such role appears. Congestion costs enter the cost side of this rule in the same way that they enter when only a land tax is available. The new rule is reconciled with an alternative rule in the literature, which contains no congestion costs.
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作者：Selden, TM
作者单位：Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality
摘要：Blomqvist and Johansson (1996) criticize my results regarding Besley's (Besley, 1989) analysis of public catastrophic coverage. They concede that my analysis was correct under the assumptions I made, but they argue that a more general model than Besley or I used might yield different results. Unfortunately, Blomqvist and Johansson's analysis of the more general case is flawed. Whereas they claim to have provided a more general argument against the sort of public intervention Besley proposed, t...
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作者：Lang, O; Nohrbass, KH; Stahl, K
作者单位：University of Mannheim; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW)
摘要：We present a micro estimate determining taxed income as a function of gross income and all major deduction options depending on household and asset categories, It shows that tax savings strongly increase with increasing income, resulting in an effective marginal tax rate 16 percentage points below the legislated one for the highest income groups, This calls into question the intended distributional impact of progressive income taxation. Our estimate suggests aggregate income tax losses to the ...
