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作者：Schroyen, F
摘要：This paper studies the problem of Pareto efficient fiscal policies when labour supply is elastic and the government has no a priori information on income earned. The model is a two-class economy with an official and an unofficial labour market. Official income is taxed nan-linearly, while unofficial income is only observable after a costly audit upon which it is taxed at an exogenous penalty rate. After characterisation of the Pareto efficient audit and tax policies, it is verified how these p...
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作者：Davidson, C; Woodbury, SA
作者单位：Michigan State University; W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research
摘要：We investigate the design of an optimal unemployment insurance program using an equilibrium search model calibrated using data from the reemployment bonus experiments. There are three main conclusions. First, insurance considerations suggest that the potential duration of UI benefits would be unlimited under an optimal program. Second, if the potential duration to benefits were unlimited, current replacement rates in the U.S. (about 0.5) would probably be about right. Third, the optimal replac...
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作者：Bond, EW; Crocker, KJ
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We examine an environment of costly state verification in which insureds possess private information about the magnitude of an insurable loss. Insurers can verify the actual loss suffered only by incurring a positive resource cost, and insureds may engage in evasive activities that, while privately costly, increase the costs of verification and may lead to more generous settlements. Optimal insurance contracts are shown to mitigate the incentives to evade by a combination of incentives, which ...
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作者：Konan, DE
摘要：This paper analyzes the social welfare effects of multinational enterprise taxation by home and host governments. In a general equilibrium model, direct foreign investment arises to employ a firm-specific asset abroad. Either a tax credit or deduction for foreign taxes paid results in the host fully taxing locally earned economic profits. Welfare, endogenous market structure, and profit results are identical in tax credit and deduction regimes. Because it lowers host government taxation in the...
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作者：Gruber, J; Madrian, BC
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study the interrelationship between employment separation and insurance coverage. We first document that employment separation is associated with large reductions in insurance coverage, even conditioning on underlying tastes for insurance. We then show that reducing the cost of insurance through state laws mandating continued access to employer-provided health insurance for the non-employed increases the likelihood of having insurance after separating from a job by 6.7%. These mandates also...
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作者：Vicary, S
摘要：A model in which public goods can be provided by both donations and joint production with a private good is investigated. Its properties are compared with models of public good provision with only one method of provision. Whilst it has some features in common with the standard model of public good provision, there are good grounds for placing more emphasis on the joint production model.
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作者：Bos, D; Harms, P
作者单位：University of St Gallen
摘要：We present a model where a government chooses the number of individuals to which ownership in a former state-owned firm shall be allocated. When making this decision the government maximizes the political support it gets from the firm's incumbent manager and from potential shareholders, anticipating that a greater dispersion of shares reduces the control of the manager by the firm's new owners. It turns out that shares will be allocated to the maximum number of individuals - and thus a policy ...
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作者：Lagerlof, NP
摘要：Many of the results in Nishimura and Zhang (1992) and in Zhang and Nishimura (1993) are incorrect, since the authors assume interior solutions to many of the utility maximization problems, when corner solutions yield higher utility. This note proves, inter alia, that fertility and saving cannot both be positive in the optimal steady state.
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作者：Gawande, K
摘要：The endogenous theory of protection is empirically investigated in a different light. Rather than emphasizing the determinants of the supply of protection, the present study empirically investigates the micro-level demand side behavior of firms. Predictions from Bergstrom et al. (Journal of Public Economics, 1986, 2, 25-49) about the private provision of public goods provide a theoretical foundation for such a demand-side econometric investigation. If rational lobbies are observed to behave in...
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作者：Heyes, AG
摘要：It is widely expected that the recent trend (in the US, EU and elsewhere) towards an increased role for private agents and agencies in the formulation and enforcement of environmental regulation will continue. If environmental regulation is to be ''privatised'' in this way it is natural to ask how far the activities of environmental groups, on whose shoulders much of the responsibility for defending the environment is likely to fall, should be subsidised or taxed. In this paper we identify the...
