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作者：Brunello, G; Ishikawa, T
作者单位：University of Padua; University of Tokyo
摘要：We present a model where the interaction between the size of the elite school sector, industrial structure and labor market outcomes is characterized by the concept of Nash decentralized equilibrium. Depending on the underlying parameters, the economy described in the model can be characterized by multiple regime equilibria and historical accident decides which equilibrium the economy falls in. In one regime, the size of the elite school sector affects investment in academic skills, average pr...
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作者：Glazer, A; Konrad, KA
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; Free University of Berlin
摘要：We consider taxes on firms which engage in rent-seeking contests. The taxes can be on realized profits or on rent-seeking expenditures. The prize can be awarded to either the highest bidder, or to a firm with probability proportional to its share of total spending on lobbying. We find the conditions under which taxes do not reduce rent-seeking effort, generate tax revenue with no tax burden, and cause no reduction in the profits of firms. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
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作者：Huizinga, H
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：This paper first considers a closed economy consisting of two regions and inhabited by workers of heterogeneous productivity. Each region in principle can redistribute income among its workers. Workers are free to migrate between the two regions. If the two regions differ in their extent of income redistribution, there generally are two types of worker allocation equilibria: equilibria where the two national distributions of labor productivity overlap, and equilibria where labor is stratified ...
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作者：Naito, H
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Syracuse University
摘要：This paper shows that the result of uniform commodity tax under nonlinear income taxation by Atkinson and Stiglitz (1976) no longer holds if the production side of an economy is taken into the consideration. In particular, imposing a non-uniform commodity tax can Pareto-improve welfare even under nonlinear income taxation. In addition, the paper shows that if the government uses a nonlinear income tax system for income redistribution, then the introduction of distortions in the public sector c...
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作者：Ockenfels, A; Weimann, J
作者单位：Otto von Guericke University
摘要：In a study of public good and solidarity experiments conducted in eastern and western Germany, we found in both games that eastern subjects behave in a significantly more selfish manner than do western subjects. Besides that we found that many qualitative results of both data sets are similar. Since our experiments were conducted in two parts of one nation, we present an unusually well controlled cross-cultural study by avoiding difficulties that usually arise in multinational settings. We con...
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作者：Hindriks, J; Keen, M; Muthoo, A
作者单位：University of Essex; University of Exeter; International Monetary Fund; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Corruption, evasion and the abuse of power - and the possibility thereof - are pervasive features of economic activity. A prominent instance is tax collection. This paper examines the implications of corruptibility and the potential abuse of authority for the effects and optimal design of (potentially non-linear) tax collection schemes. Amongst the findings are that: the distributional effects of evasion and corruption are unambiguously regressive under the kinds of schemes usual in practice; ...
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作者：Slemrod, J; Greimel, T
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper investigates the relationship of the daily spread between taxable and municipal securities to a daily indicator of the likelihood of a tax reform that would eliminate the preference now accorded to municipal securities, the 'flat tax.' The probability of tax reform is proxied by the market price of the shares of Steve Forbes, a champion of the flat tax, in the Iowa Electronic Market. We find evidence that the indicator of tax reform's prospects was correlated with a decline in the s...
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作者：Hassler, J; Mora, JVR
作者单位：Stockholm University; Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：Unemployment benefits are higher and turnover between unemployment and employment is lower in Europe than in the U.S. We model the political determination of the unemployment insurance to explain these differences. We show that saving and borrowing is a good substitute for unemployment insurance when turnover is high. With high turnover, the median voter thus prefers low unemployment insurance. With low turnover, generous unemployment insurance becomes more valuable. If the median voter cannot...
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作者：Duncan, B
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver
摘要：Public goods theory predicts that government spending an charity can perfectly crowd-out charitable contributions. Empirical research has found little support for the perfect crowd-out hypothesis. However, the empirical work only measures part of a contributor's total contribution: gifts of money. Contributors also volunteer labor. This article extends the public goods model to the case in which individuals contribute both time and money to a charity that in turn produces a public good. The mo...
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作者：Raymond, M
作者单位：University of Guelph
摘要：Hanington (Harrington, W., 1988. Enforcement leverage when penalties are restricted. Journal of Public Economics 37, 29-53) offers an explanation for how relatively high compliance rates might co-exist with low expected fines. His results are highly dependent on the assumptions that all firms are identical and their compliance costs are known. This paper shows that Hanington's results are not necessarily robust in a more general model where asymmetric information and uncertainty are present. (...
