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作者：Brasington, DM
作者单位：Tulane University
摘要：A new methodological approach investigates the factors that cause and inhibit political jurisdictions from jointly providing public services. Previous statistical approaches study whether consolidation occurs but are incapable of exploring with whom it occurs. The Poirier bivariate probit analysis suggests population and property value factors matter more than socio-demographic factors in determining whether two neighboring entities will form a consolidated school district. Small and large dis...
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作者：Wagstaff, A; van Doorslaer, E; van der Burg, H; Calonge, S; Christiansen, T; Citoni, G; Gerdtham, UG; Gerfin, M; Gross, L; Häkinnen, U; John, J; Johnson, P; Klavus, J; Lachaud, C; Lauridsen, J; Leu, RE; Nolan, B; Peran, E; Propper, C; Puffer, F; Rochaix, L; Rodríguez, M; Schellhorn, M; Sundberg, G; Winkelhake, O
作者单位：University of Sussex; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Barcelona; University of Southern Denmark; Sapienza University Rome; Stockholm School of Economics; University of Bern; Clark University; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; University of Southern Denmark; Economic & Social Research Institute (ESRI); University of Barcelona; University of Bristol; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Laboratoire d'Etudes en Geophysique et oceanographie spatiales; Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; University of Barcelona; Uppsala University
摘要：This paper decomposes the redistributive effect of the personal income taxes (PITs) of twelve OECD countries into four components: (i) an average rate effect, (ii) a departure-from-propartionality or progressivity effect, (iii) a horizontal equity effect and (iv) a reranking effect. The product of (i) and (ii) indicates the vertical redistribution associated with the PIT and the sum of(iii) and (iv) indicates the impact on the distribution of income of differential tax treatment. The average t...
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作者：Robledo, JR
作者单位：Free University of Berlin
摘要：We describe a situation where a risk averse individual has a preference for risk taking. In the literature, we find this strategic risk behaviour in an altruistic framework, where the individual actually benefits from his noninsurance only in the loss outcome. In our model, all agents are perfectly selfish. When a public good is to be provided privately after the insurance decision, the player facing greater uncertainty can expect an income transfer from the other individuals through the commi...
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作者：Fernández, R; Rogerson, R
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper examines the effect of different education financing systems on the level and distribution of resources devoted to public education. Pie focus on California, which in the 1970's was transformed from a foundation system of mixed local and state financing to one of effectively pure state finance and subsequently saw its funding of public education fall between 10 and 15% relative to the rest of the US. We show that a simple political economy model of public finance can account for the...
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作者：Hoxby, CM
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：I construct an agency model of local public goods producers in which households make Tiebout choices among jurisdictions in a world of imperfect information and costly residential mobility. I examine producers' effort and rent under local property tax finance and centralized finance. I show that, if there are a sufficient number of jurisdictions, conventional local property tax finance can attain about as much productivity as a social planner with centralized finance can, even if the social pl...
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作者：McGarry, K
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Empirical work on intergenerational transfers has focused on distinguishing between altruistic and exchange motivated behavior. However, these two models are unable to explain the strong tendency far inter vivos transfers to be negatively related to the income of the recipient; while bequests bear no relationship to income. This paper presents a new framework for analyzing transfers from parents to children that is more consistent with observed behavior than are the altruistic and exchange mod...
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作者：Smetters, K
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper presents a heterogenous overlapping-generations with-altruism model in which intergenerational discounting is stochastic. The model nests three popular macro-economics models: those of Ramsey (Economic Journal, 38 (152) (1928) 543-559), Diamond (American Economic Review, 55 (1965) 1126-1150) and a variant of the Blanchard (Journal of Political Economy 93 (2) (1985) 223-247), Buiter (The Economic Journal 98 (391) (1988) 279-293), Weil (Journalk of Public Economics 38 (2) (1989) 183-1...
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作者：Dickert-Conlin, S
作者单位：Syracuse University
摘要：The transfer system typically has large marriage disincentives, while the income tax system is likely to subsidize marriage for many low-income families. In other words, the tax system may offset an increase in transfer benefits associated with marital separation. The interaction of the transfer system with the income tax system has largely been overlooked. The income tax system has become more relevant for low-income families with the recent expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit, which fi...
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作者：Carter, TJ
作者单位：University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
摘要：This comment shows that some of Pisauro's (Journal of Public Economics, 1991, 46, 329-345) reported results hold only if the unemployment rate exceeds 50%. If it does not, specific labor taxes reduce wages. Also, output falls when employment rises, all else equal, and minimum wage laws raise output. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
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作者：Costa, DL
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：I investigate the factors that fostered the rise in separate living quarters for older nonmarried women since mid-century by examining the impact of Old Age Assistance on living arrangements in 1940 and 1950. I find that Old Age Assistance substantially increased demand for separate living quarters, but that demand depended upon the rules of the program, in particular whether children were held legally responsible for the care of their aged parents. I argue that more than half of the decline i...
