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作者：Chakrabarti, Rajashri; Roy, Joydeep
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Columbia University
摘要：Local financing of public schools in the U.S. leads to a bundling of two distinct choices - residential choice and school choice - and has been argued to increase the degree of socioeconomic segregation across school districts. A school finance reform, aimed at equalization of school finances, can in principle weaken this link between housing choice and choice of schools. In this paper, we study the impacts of the Michigan school finance reform of 1994 (Proposal A) on spatial segregation. The ...
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作者：Dulleck, Uwe; Wigger, Berthold U.
作者单位：Queensland University of Technology (QUT); Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
摘要：We propose an argument for fiscal restraints that is based on the premise that the services of politicians are credence goods. Politicians are experts who specialize in observing the true state of the economy. Budget maximizing politicians are better informed than the electorate about the level of public spending necessary to manage public affairs. Voters, who are able to observe the size of the budget but not the necessary level of spending, affect the government's spending behavior via elect...
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作者：Andersson, Elvira; Lundborg, Petter; Vikstrom, Johan
作者单位：Lund University; Lund University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Uppsala University; Uppsala University
摘要：In this paper, we study the short-run effect of salary receipt on mortality among Swedish public sector employees. By exploiting variation in paydays across work-places, we completely control for mortality patterns related to, for example, public holidays and other special days or events coinciding with paydays and for general within-month and within-week mortality patterns. We find a dramatic increase in mortality on the day that salaries arrive. The increase is especially pronounced for youn...
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作者：Weng, Qian; Carlsson, Fredrik
作者单位：Renmin University of China; University of Gothenburg
摘要：Common identity and peer punishment have been identified as crucial means to reduce free riding and promote cooperation in teams. This paper examines the relative importance of these two mechanisms under two income distributions in team cooperation. In a repeated public good experiment, we use different combinations of homogeneous/heterogeneous endowments, strong/weak identity, and absence/presence of peer punishment. We find that without punishment, a strong identity can raise cooperation in ...
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作者：Corazzini, Luca; Cotton, Christopher; Valbonesi, Paola
作者单位：University of Messina; Bocconi University; Queens University - Canada; HSE University (National Research University Higher School of Economics); University of Padua
摘要：We present results from an experiment with multiple public goods, where each good produces benefits only if total contributions to it reach a minimum threshold. The presence of multiple public goods makes coordination among participants more difficult, discouraging donor participation and decreasing the likelihood of any public good being effectively funded. Applied to the case of fundraising, the results show how overall donations and the number of effectively funded projects may both decreas...
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作者：Roemer, John E.
作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University
摘要：Although evidence accrues in biology, anthropology and experimental economics that homo sapiens is a cooperative species, the reigning assumption in economic theory is that individuals optimize in an autarkic manner (as in Nash and Walrasian equilibrium). I here postulate a cooperative kind of optimizing behavior, called Kantian. It is shown that in simple economic models, when there are negative externalities (such as congestion effects from use of a commonly owned resource) or positive exter...
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作者：Fox, Justin; Van Weelden, Richard
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Chicago
摘要：We explore the incentives for a career-minded policymaker to take preventative action to protect a principal against a possible crisis. The policymaker's ability and the action he takes are unobserved, but the principal draws inferences about the policymaker's ability based on the resulting outcome before deciding whether to retain him. When the crisis is potentially catastrophic, it is in the principal's interest for the policymaker to take preventative action. However, when the crisis is suf...
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作者：Piolatto, Amedeo; Schuett, Florian
作者单位：University of Barcelona; Tilburg University
摘要：We build a framework linking competition in the media market to political participation. Media outlets report on the ability of candidates running for office and compete for audience through their choice of slant. Citizens consume news only if the expected utility of being informed about candidates' ability is sufficiently large for their group collectively. Our results can reconcile seemingly contradictory empirical evidence showing that entry in the media market can either increase or decrea...
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作者：Franke, Joerg; Oeztuerk, Tahir
作者单位：Dortmund University of Technology
摘要：Conflict parties are frequently involved in more than one conflict simultaneously. In this paper the structure of local conflicts is modeled as a conflict network where rivals invest in conflict specific technology to attack their respective neighbors. We prove that there exists a unique equilibrium and examine the relation between total conflict investment (a proxy for conflict intensity) and underlying network characteristics. We also identify a class of conflict networks where peaceful conf...
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作者：Dickinson, David L.; Masclet, David
作者单位：University of North Carolina; Appalachian State University; Universite de Rennes; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Montreal
摘要：Experimental studies have shown that sanctions effectively deter free riding within groups. However, the overuse of costly punishment may actually harm overall welfare. A main reason for over-punishment is that free-riders generate negative emotions that likely favor excessive punishments. In this paper we ask whether the venting of one's emotions in different ways can reduce the level of excessive punishment in a standard VCM-with-punishment environment while preserving the norm enforcement p...
