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作者：Diep, Loan; McPhearson, Timon
作者单位：The New School; Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies; Stockholm University; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics
摘要：The latest report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change showed that upcoming decades are likely to be accompanied with an increase in climate impacts in urban areas, thereby stressing the need for empowering cities to help them address the challenges ahead by closing the urban adaptation gap. The lock-in systems in which cities are often trapped create resistance to change and leads to missed opportunities to cocreate better futures. Putting nature at the center of urban adaptation ...
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作者：McGuinness, Brendon; Weber, Stephanie C.; Guichard, Frederic
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; McGill University
摘要：Resolving the relationship between species' traits and their relative abundance is a central challenge in ecology. Current hypotheses assume relative abundances either result from or are independent of traits. However, despite some success, these hypotheses do not integrate the feedback interactions between traits and abundances to predictions of community structure such as relative abundance distributions and trait-abundance relationships. Here, we study how plasticity in resource-use traits ...
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作者：Partington, Scott; Kamtekar, Rachana; Nichols, Shaun
作者单位：University of Cambridge; Cornell University
摘要：Injunctive norms are universal: Every culture has rules that specify what actions are forbidden, obligatory, or permitted. Where do all of these norms come from? In this paper, we identify a mechanism of cultural transmission that can explain the emergence of injunctive norms. In particular, we develop an iterated learning account that shows how weak biases in pedagogy and inference can drive norm emergence through cultural transmission. Using transmission chain studies, we confirm the core pr...
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作者：England, Sam J.; Palmer, Ryan A.; O'Reilly, Liam J.; Chenchiah, Isaac, V; Robert, Daniel
作者单位：University of West England; University of Bristol; Leibniz Institut fur Evolutions und Biodiversitatsforschung; University of Bristol; University of Bristol
摘要：The link between form and function of an organism's morphology is usually apparent or intuitive. However, some clades of organisms show remarkable diversity in their form, often exhibiting extreme morphologies, but with no obvious functional explanation. Treehoppers (Membracidae) are a family of insects that exemplify this, displaying an astounding morphological diversity, resulting in a plethora of extreme forms. The function of these morphological extremities and the reasons for their evolut...
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作者：Zhang, Yuchun; Liu, Lin; Qiao, Yu; Yao, Tian; Zhao, Xing; Yan, Yong
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Center for Nanoscience & Technology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Shandong University of Technology; University of Science & Technology Beijing
摘要：Introducing neuromorphic computing paradigms into taste-sensing technology will bring unprecedented opportunities for developing new hardware architectures with perceptual intelligence. Constructing the biomimetic gustatory system, however, remains a challenge due to the scarcity of suitable components operating under wet conditions. Here, we report that ion confinement within the layered graphene oxide membranes can be used to develop a memristive device capable of implementing both synaptic ...
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作者：Dellicour, Simon; Gambaro, Fabiana; Jacquot, Maude; Lequime, Sebastian; Baele, Guy; Gilbert, Marius; Pybus, Oliver G.; Suchard, Marc A.; Lemey, Philippe
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; KU Leuven; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Ifremer; University of Groningen; University of Oxford; University of London; University of London Royal Veterinary College; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
摘要：The rapid evolution of RNA viruses implies that their evolutionary and ecological processes occur on the same time scale. Genome sequences of these pathogens therefore can contain information about the processes that govern their transmission and dispersal. Landscape phylogeographic approaches use phylogeographic reconstructions to investigate the impact of environmental factors and variables on the spatial spread of viruses. Here, we extend and improve existing approaches and develop three no...
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作者：Luo, Man; Yu, Xiaochun
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作者：Wang, Xin; Li, Ning; Wang, Qian; Lei, Tian-Yu; Zhou, Ju; Zhang, Fu-Min; Liao, Xue-Zhu; Qiang, Cheng-Gen; Yu, Wen-Hao; Han, Jing-Dan; Ye, Ya-Rong; Jing, Chun-Yan; Wang, Mei-Xia; Gao, Qiang; Chen, Jin-Feng; Jiao, Yuan-Nian; Wu, Zhi-Qiang; Guo, Ya-Long; Wing, Rod A.; Doyleh, Jeff J.; Ge, Song; Zou, Xin- Hui
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Agriculture Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, CAAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Zoology, CAS; University of Arizona; Cornell University
摘要：Polyploid organisms evolve from their initial doubled genomic condition through a number of processes collectively termed diploidization, whose tempo and mode remain poorly understood mainly due to the difficulty of discriminating de novo evolution subsequent to polyploidy from variation inherited from progenitors. Here, we generated chromosome-scale genome assemblies for the wild rice allopolyploid Oryza minuta and its two diploid progenitors, Oryza punctata and Oryza officinalis, and employe...
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作者：Daly, James L.; Chen, Kai - en; Butkovic, Rebeka; Guo, Qian; Healy, Michael D.; Pennink, Eva; Gamble-Strutt, Georgia; Higham, Zara; Moody, Edmund R. R.; Lewis, Philip A.; Heesom, Kate J.; Williams, Tom A.; McMillan, Kirsty J.; Collins, Brett M.; Cullen, Peter J.; Hurley, James
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of West England; Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; University of London; King's College London; University of Queensland; University of Bristol; University of Bristol; University of Liverpool
摘要：The endosomal-lysosomal network is a hub of organelles that orchestrate the dynamic sorting of hundreds of integral membrane proteins to maintain cellular homeostasis. VPS29 is a central conductor of this network through its assembly into Retromer, Retriever, and Commander endosomal sorting complexes, and its role in regulating RAB GTPase activity. Two VPS29 isoforms have been described, VPS29A and VPS29B, that differ solely in their amino-terminal sequences. Here, we identify a third VPS29 is...
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作者：Fairbanks, Regina A.; Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：Adaptation to novel environments requires genetic variation, but whether adaptation been long used as a model to understand evolutionary processes, providing information not only on the phenotypes selected but also, in many cases, an understanding of the causal loci. For each of the causal loci that have been identified in maize, the selected allele can be found segregating in natural populations, consistent with their origin as standing genetic variation. The sole exception to this pattern is...
