Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Transforming literature screening: The emerging role of large language models in systematic reviews AI翻译
  作者：Delgado-Chaves, Fernando M.; Jennings, Matthew J.; Atalaia, Antonio; Wolff, Justus; Horvath, Rita; Mamdouh, Zeinab M.; Baumbach, Jan; Baumbach, Linda
  作者单位：University of Hamburg; Columbia University; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Sorbonne Universite; University of Cambridge; Maastricht University; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Zagazig University; University of Southern Denmark; University of Hamburg; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; University of Hamburg
  摘要：Systematic reviews (SR) synthesize evidence- based medical literature, but they involve labor- intensive manual article screening. Large language models (LLMs) can select relevant literature, but their quality and efficacy are still being determined compared to humans. We evaluated the overlap between title- and abstract- based selected articles of 18 different LLMs and human- selected articles for three SR. In the three SRs, 185/4,662, 122/1,741, and 45/66 articles have been selected and cons...
• Synthesis of ethane from CO2 by a methyl transferase-inspired molecular catalyst AI翻译
  作者：Patra, Suman; Dinda, Souvik; Ghosh, Soumili; Roy, Triparna; Dey, Abhishek
  作者单位：Department of Science & Technology (India); Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) - Jadavpur
  摘要：Molecular catalysts with a single metal center are reported to reduce CO2 to a wide range of valuable single-carbon products like CO, HCOOH, CH3OH, etc. However, these catalysts cannot reduce CO2 to two carbon products like ethane or ethylene and the ability to form C-C from CO2 remains mostly limited to heterogeneous material-based catalysts. We report a set of simple iron porphyrins with pendant thiol group can catalyze the reduction of CO2 to ethane (C2H6) with H2O as the proton source with...
• Profile of Bruce E. Tabashnik AI翻译
  作者：Ravindran, Sandeep
• Strong, ductile, and hierarchical hetero- lamellar- structured alloys through microstructural inheritance and refinement AI翻译
  作者：Shi, Peijian; Li, Yi; Li, Zhi; Jiang, Xin; Yan, Jie; Zhou, Rui; Qin, Yi; Lin, Yifan; Huang, Jingran; Tan, Bodong; Wang, Yinan; Wen, Tongqi; Ye, Beilin; Ling, Chunyan; Luan, Junhua; Shen, Zhe; Ding, Biao; Li, Qiang; Zheng, Tianxiang; Ren, Weili; Zhang, Tianlong; Ren, Yang; Zhong, Yunbo; Liu, C. T.; Gao, Huajian; Zhu, Yuntian
  作者单位：Shanghai University; City University of Hong Kong; Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR); A*STAR - Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC); Peking University; University of Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; City University of Hong Kong; Tsinghua University
  摘要：The strength-ductility trade- off exists ubiquitously, especially in brittle intermetallic- containing multiple principal element alloys (MPEAs), where the intermetallic phases often induce premature failure leading to severe ductility reduction. Hierarchical erogeneities represent a promising microstructural solution to achieve simultaneous strength-ductility enhancement. However, it remains fundamentally challenging to hierarchical heterostructures using conventional methods, which often rel...
• Modeling DNA methyltransferase function to predict epigenetic correlation patterns in healthy and cancer cells AI翻译
  作者：Tse, Ariana Y.; Spakowitz, Andrew J.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic modification that orchestrates chromatin remodelers that suppress transcription, and aberrations in DNA methylation result in a variety of conditions such as cancers and developmental disorders. While it is understood that methylation occurs at CpG-rich DNA regions, it is less understood how distinct methylation profiles are established within various cell types. In this work, we develop a molecular-transport model that depicts the genomic exploration of...
• Zoos must embrace animal death for education and conservation AI翻译
  作者：Clauss, Marcus; Roller, Marco; Bertelsen, Mads Frost; Rohr, Claudia Rudolf von; Mueller, Dennis W. H.; Schiffmann, Christian; Kummrow, Maya; Encke, Dag; Ferreira, Sam; Duvall, Ethan S.; Mare, Celeste; Abraham, Andrew J.
  作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Copenhagen; North West University - South Africa; Cornell University; Aarhus University; Northern Arizona University
• Dynamic binding of the bacterial chaperone Trigger factor to translating ribosomes in Escherichia coli AI翻译
  作者：Havermark, Tora; Metelev, Mikhail; Lundin, Erik; Volkov, Ivan L.; Johansson, Magnus
  作者单位：Uppsala University
  摘要：The bacterial chaperone Trigger factor (TF) binds to ribosome- nascent chain complexes (RNCs) and cotranslationally aids the folding of proteins in bacteria. Decades of studies have given a broad, but often conflicting, description of the substrate specificity of TF, its RNC- binding dynamics, and competition with other RNC- binding factors, such as the Signal Recognition Particle (SRP). Previous RNC- binding kinetics experiments were commonly conducted on stalled RNCs in reconstituted systems...
• Moiré magnetism and moiré excitons in twisted CrSBr bilayers AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Junyi; Zhang, Xu; Lu, Gang
  作者单位：California State University System; California State University Northridge
  摘要：Moir & eacute; excitons and moir & eacute; magnetism are essential to semiconducting van der Waals magnets. In this work, we perform a comprehensive first- principles study to elucidate the interplay of electronic excitation and magnetism in twisted magnetic CrSBr bilayers. We predict a twist- induced quantum phase transition for interlayer magnetic coupling and estimate the critical twist angle below which moir & eacute; magnetism with mixed ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic domains could e...
• Incentivizing teamwork to promote sustainability AI翻译
  作者：Segerson, Kathleen
  作者单位：University of Connecticut
  摘要：There are a variety of contexts in which pitching in to address environmental or resource management problems could benefit from individuals or firms working not just on their own but also working together collaboratively as a group. Examples include working together on promoting conservation or habitat protection, the sharing of information, or the development of less polluting products or production processes. However, to date, the literature on environmental policy has considered only the i...
• Antagonistic SnRK2 and PID kinases' action on auxin transport- mediated root gravitropism AI翻译
  作者：Sheng, Fang; Gao, Yu; Wang, Yaping; Li, Yang; Zhang, Ji - Ao; Zhang, Zhaoheng; Qin, Xinyan; Zhang, Shujuan; Song, Wen; Li, Jigang; Guo, Yan; Friml, Jiri; Gong, Zhizhong; Zhang, Qun; Zhang, Jing
  作者单位：China Agricultural University; Naval Medical University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Vegetables & Flowers, CAAS; Nanjing Agricultural University; Institute of Science & Technology - Austria; Hebei University
  摘要：Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to adapt to environmental changes, with root gravitropism playing a pivotal role in nutrient and water acquisition. Our study reveals that SnRK2 kinases (SnRK2.2 and SnRK2.3) are critical regulators of root gravitropism through their direct phosphorylation of the auxin transporter PIN2 at S259. We demonstrate that SnRK2s- mediated phosphorylation modulates both the polar localization and transport PID, which phosphorylates PIN2 at a distinct site (S...