Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Metasurface- assisted multimodal quantum imaging AI翻译
  作者：Zhou, Yifan; Zhu, Xiaoshu; Li, Tianyue; Zhou, Zhou; Bi, Qianhui; Liu, Jun; Chen, Jian; Fu, Boyan; He, Juanzi; Feng, Xiaojing; Feng, Xinyang; Liu, Xingyu; Wang, Qianjin; Wang, Shuming; Wang, Zhenlin; Qiu, Cheng - Wei; Zhu, Shining
  作者单位：Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); National University of Singapore; University of Shanghai for Science & Technology; Nanjing University
  摘要：Traditional quantum imaging is featured by remarkable sensitivity and signal- to- noise ratio, but limited by bulkiness and static function (either phase contrast imaging or edge detection). Our report synergizes a polarization- entangled source with a metasurface consisting of various sophisticatedly engineered spatial frequency segments. By tuning polarization, we demonstrate multiple on- state quantum imaging modes, enabling flexible switching between phase contrast, edge, and arbitrary sup...
• Next- generation rifamycins for the treatment of mycobacterial infections AI翻译
  作者：Dartois, Veronique; Lan, Tian; Ganapathy, Uday S.; Wong, Chui Fann; Sarathy, Jickky P.; Jimenez, Diana C.; Alshiraihi, Ilham M.; Lam, Ha; Rodriguez, Suyapa; Xie, Min; Soto-Ojeda, Maritza; Jackson, Mary; Wheat, William; Dillman, Nathan C.; Kostenkova, Kateryna; Schmitt, Jake; Mann, Lea; Richter, Adrian; Imming, Peter; Sarathy, Jansy; Kaya, Firat; Paruchuri, Sindhuja; Tatek, Betelhem; Folvar, Camilla; Proietto, Julianna; Zimmerman, Matthew; Gonzalez-Juarrero, Mercedes; Aldrich, Courtney C.; Dick, Thomas
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Georgetown University
  摘要：Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing nontuberculous Mycobacterium causing severe pulmonary infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals and patients with underlying lung conditions like cystic fibrosis (CF). While rifamycins are the pillar of tuberculosis treatment, their efficacy against M. abscessus lung disease is severely cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), a major human drug- metabolizing enzyme, further limiting their use in patients with comorbidities that require treatment...
• A diverse single- stranded DNA-annealing protein library enables efficient genome editing across bacterial phyla AI翻译
  作者：Filsinger, Gabriel T.; Mychack, Aaron; Lyerly, Evan; Henriksen, Camilla; Bartlett, Thomas M.; Kuchwara, Helene; Eitzinger, Simon; Bernhardt, Thomas G.; Walker, Suzanne; Church, George M.; Wannier, Timothy M.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Stanford University; Harvard University; University of Copenhagen; Wadsworth Center; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University
  摘要：Genome modification is essential for studying and engineering bacteria, yet making efficient modifications to most species remains challenging. Bacteriophage-encoded single-stranded DNA-annealing proteins (SSAPs) can facilitate efficient genome editing by homologous recombination, but their typically narrow host range limits broad application. Here, we demonstrate that a single library of 227 SSAPs enables efficient genome-editing across six diverse bacteria from three divergent classes: Actin...
• Disentangling conduction pathways at the ionic-electronic interface in EMI-TFSI-covered graphene transistors AI翻译
  作者：Lizee, Mathieu; Esfandiar, Ali; Panoni, Eva; Mischenko, Artem; Taberna, Pierre-Louis; Simon, Patrice; Bocquet, Lyderic
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society; Universite Paris Cite; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Sharif University of Technology; University of Manchester; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Chemistry (INC); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (ComUE); Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse
  摘要：Transport of electrons and ions at carbon surfaces immersed in electrolytes is instrumental for a wide variety of membrane processes as well as energy storage in batteries and supercapacitors. Ion transport in a nanoporous electrode strongly depends on its electronic conductance and on the interfacial capacitance with the electrolyte. In this study, we use in-plane impedance spectroscopy to disentangle in-plane ionic and electronic transport on a single crystal graphene transistor covered by a...
• Perception of structurally distinct effectors by the integrated WRKY domain of a plant immune receptor (vol 118, e2113996118, 2021) AI翻译
  作者：Mukhi, Nitika; Brown, Hannah; Gorenkin, Danylo; Ding, Pingtao; Bentham, Adam R.; Stevenson, Clare E. M.; Jones, Jonathan D. G.; Banfield, Mark J.
• Resonance-stabilized radical clustering bridges the gap between gaseous precursors and soot in the inception stage AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Hong; Guan, Jiwen; Xu, Guangxian; Mercier, Xavier; Zhang, Jinyang; Guo, Haotian; Yu, Tongzhu; Gui, Huaqiao; Huang, Teng; Truhlar, Donald G.; Wang, Zhandong
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Universite de Lille; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering & Systems Sciences (INSIS); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS; Anhui Institute of Optics & Fine Mechanics (AIOFM), CAS; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：Carbonaceous particles are widespread in combustion, atmospheric, extraterrestrial, and nanomaterials environments. Resonance-stabilized radicals (RSRs) are commonly identified in fuel combustion and pyrolysis processes and play an essential role in carbonaceous particle formation. Despite their importance, comprehensive experimental and mechanistic understanding of particle inception through RSR reactions is lacking. This work investigated particle size distribution, chemical composition, and...
• Focusing a viral risk ranking tool on prediction AI翻译
  作者：Budeski, Katherine; Lipsitch, Marc
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
  摘要：Preparing to rapidly respond to emerging infectious diseases is critical. SpillOver: Viral Risk Ranking is an open-source tool developed to assess the risk of novel wildlife-origin viruses spilling over from animals to humans and spreading in human populations. Several risk factors used by the tool depend on evidence of previous zoonotic spillover itself or sustained transmission in humans. Therefore, we reanalyzed the Ranking Comparison after removing eight of the 31 risk factors that require...
• The Q226L mutation can convert a highly pathogenic H5 2.3.4.4e virus to bind human-type receptors AI翻译
  作者：Carrasco, Maria Rios; Lin, Ting-Hui; Zhu, Xueyong; Garcia, Alba Gabarroca; Uslu, Elif; Liang, Ruonan; Spruit, Cindy M.; Richard, Mathilde; Boons, Geert-Jan; Wilson, Ian A.; de Vries, Robert P.
  作者单位：Utrecht University; Scripps Research Institute; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus MC; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; Scripps Research Institute
  摘要：H5Nx viruses continue to wreak havoc in avian and mammalian species worldwide. The virus distinguishes itself by the ability to replicate to high titers and transmit efficiently in a wide variety of hosts in diverse climatic environments. Fortunately, transmission to and between humans is scarce. Yet, if such an event were to occur, it could spark a pandemic as humans are immunologically na & iuml;ve to H5 viruses. A significant determinant of transmission to and between humans is the ability ...
• Profile of John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton: 2024 Nobel laureates in Physics AI翻译
  作者：McClelland, James L.
  摘要：The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics recognizes breakthroughs contributing to the emergence of a new understanding of the computations that underlie human intelligence, with profound implications for artificially intelligent systems. John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton played seminal roles in these breakthroughs. I begin by characterizing the scientific context in which the new understanding of intelligence began to arise. I then consider Hopfield's and Hinton's ideas and their centrality in the scie...
• Evaluating interdisciplinary research: Disparate outcomes for topic and knowledge base AI翻译
  作者：Xiang, Sidney; Romero, Daniel M.; Teplitskiy, Misha
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：Interdisciplinary research is essential for addressing complex global challenges, but there are concerns that scientific institutions like journals select against it. Prior work has focused largely on how interdisciplinarity relates to outcomes for published papers, but which papers get accepted for publication in the first place is unclear. Furthermore, journals may evaluate two key dimensions of interdisciplinarity,-topic and knowledge base,-differently. Topic interdisciplinarity (measured t...