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作者：Kuhlisch, Constanze; Schleyer, Guy; Flores, J. Michel; Vincent, Flora; Labadie, Karine; Vallet, Marine; Schatz, Daniella; Vardi, Assaf
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Utrecht University; Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ); Weizmann Institute of Science; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; CEA; Universite Paris Saclay; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Max Planck Society; Friedrich Schiller University of Jena
摘要：The viral shunt is a fundamental ecosystem process which diverts the flux of organic carbon fixed through photosynthesis during algal bloom events from heterotrophic grazers to bacteria. Through the extracellular release of metabolites, lytic viral infections supply 2 to 10% of photosynthetically fixed carbon in the ocean for bacterial respiration. Despite its significance for the carbon cycle, we lack tools to detect the viral shunt in the natural environment and assess its ecological impact....
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作者：Parker, Joshua; Farrell, Brooke A.; Kohuth, Karlee A.; Parker, Landon; Abboud, Skander A.; Kodadek, Thomas
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Wilmington
摘要：Many important solid-phase synthesis reactions proceed slowly and inefficiently, for example, the coupling of an activated ester to a sterically hindered, bead-displayed amine, a critical step in the synthesis of many peptides. Forcing conditions are often required to achieve acceptable yields. We show here that such reactions can be accelerated by tethering to the bead a nucleophilic pyridine catalyst, which reacts with the activated ester, creating a high local concentration of a reactive ac...
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作者：Granat, Jeffrey; Liu, Sanxiong; Popoca, Luis; Oksuz, Ozgur; Reinberg, Danny
作者单位：New York University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; New York University; University of Miami; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Miami; University of Miami; Columbia University; Columbia University; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
摘要：Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) facilitates the formation of facultative heterochromatin, instrumental to tissue specific gene expression. PRC2 catalyzes trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3), which is targeted for chromatin compaction by PRC1. Importantly, PRC2-associated cofactors regulate its distinct activities, as in the case of MTF2 and JARID2 that direct PRC2 to specific chromatin nucleation sites based on preferred DNA-binding motifs. Here, we investigated EPOP whos...
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作者：Larsen, Brendan B.; Harari, Sheri; Gen, Risako; Stewart, Cameron; Veesler, David; Bloom, Jesse D.
作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：Nipah virus is a highly pathogenic virus in the family Paramyxoviridae that utilizes two distinct surface glycoproteins to infect cells. The receptor-binding protein (RBP) binds host receptors whereas the fusion protein (F) merges viral and host membranes. Here, we use nonreplicative pseudoviruses to safely measure the effects of all F single amino acid residue mutations on its cell entry function and neutralization by monoclonal antibodies. We compare mutational tolerance in F with previous e...
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作者：Vierock, Johannes; Kaufmann, Joel C. D.; Faiss, Lukas; Tillert, Linda; Krause, Benjamin S.; Fischer, Paul; Nguyen, Ti Bich Tao; Schmitz, Dietmar; Rost, Benjamin R.; Bartl, Franz; Hegemann, Peter
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作者：Benjamin, Lucas; Morillon, Benjamin; Wyart, Valentin
作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Aix-Marseille Universite; Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Marseille; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS)
摘要：Deciphering the structure of variable sensory input is key to building an accurate model of one's environment. Humans can accumulate evidence from sequences of stimuli to estimate their sensory statistics, predict the timing of upcoming stimuli, but also discover rules governing sequence generation. However, whether these three forms of inference operate independently or synergistically remains untested. Here, we report selective interactions between sensory integration, temporal prediction, a...
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作者：Jiricek, Simon; Hopjan, Miroslav; Kravtsov, Vladimir; Altshuler, Boris; Vidmar, Lev
作者单位：University of Ljubljana; Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts (SASA); Jozef Stefan Institute; Wroclaw University of Science & Technology; Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP); Columbia University
摘要：Quantum-chaotic systems exhibit several universal properties, ranging from level repulsion in the energy spectrum to wavefunction delocalization. On the other hand, if wavefunctions are localized, the energy levels exhibit no level repulsion and their statistics is Poisson. At the boundary between quantum chaos and localization, however, one observes critical behavior, not complying with any of those characteristics. An outstanding open question is whether there exists yet another type of univ...
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作者：Tendler, Salomon; De Gregorio, Roberto; Balderes, Paul; Michel, Alexa L.; Hoang, Tran T.; Bauer, David; Tully, Kathryn M.; Korsen, Joshua A.; Lorenz, Ivo C.; Khan, Abdul G.; Carter, Lukas; Vergnolle, Olivia; Lebedeva, Irina, V; Nyakatura, Elisabeth K.; Bodei, Lisa; Morris, Michael J.; Poirier, John T.; Rudin, Charles M.; Lewis, Jason S.
作者单位：Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine
摘要：Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) is a tumor-selective cell surface protein upregulated in high-grade neuroendocrine tumors, including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Here, we report on the development of anti-DLL3 radioimmunoconjugates for use as either a diagnostic imaging tracer based on the positron-emitter zirconium-89 (Zr-89) or a therapeutic agent utilizing the beta-emitter lutetium-177 (Lu-177). To begin, we generated a panel of human monoclonal antibo...
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作者：Yang, Yan; Sun, Weikang; Liu, Yang; Zhang, Jian; Li, Minghui
作者单位：Soochow University - China; Soochow University - China
摘要：Missense mutations play a critical role in human disease, contributing to both inherited disorders and cancer. However, accurately predicting their functional impact-particularly for cancer driver mutations-remains a major challenge due to limited validated labels and the complex molecular basis of oncogenesis. Here, we systematically characterized over 120,000 missense variants across pathogenic, benign, driver, passenger, recurrent somatic, and common population classes, using a comprehensiv...
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作者：Berk, S.; Joshi, M. M.; Goodess, C. M.; Nowack, P.
作者单位：University of East Anglia; Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine
摘要：Cities are often warmer than rural surroundings due to a phenomenon known as the urban heat island, which can be influenced by various factors, such as regional climate and land surface types. Under climate change, cities face not only the challenge of increasing temperatures in their surrounding hinterland but also the challenge of potential changes in their heat islands. However, even high-resolution global Earth system models (ESMs) with urban tiles can only properly resolve the largest urb...
