-
作者：Bobonis, Gustavo J.; Morrow, Peter M.
作者单位：University of Toronto; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
摘要：This paper examines the effect of labor coercion on human capital accumulation. We use micro data from Puerto Rico, where unskilled laborers were forced to work for landowners during 1849-1874. Using variation in municipality-level suitability for coffee cultivation and international coffee prices, we estimate the response of schooling to exogenous increases in relative demand for unskilled labor in regimes with and without forced labor. During the coercive regime, increased coffee prices had ...
-
作者：Hoff, Karla; Pandey, Priyanka
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：It is typically assumed that being hard-working or clever is a trait of the person, in the sense that it is always there, in a fixed manner. However, in an experiment with 288 high-caste and 294 low-caste students in India, cues to one's place in the caste system turned out to starkly influence the expression of these traits. The experiment allows us to discriminate between two classes of models that give different answers to the question of how someone's identity affects his behavior. Models ...
-
作者：Jaimovich, Esteban; Rud, Juan Pablo
作者单位：University of Surrey; University of London
摘要：We propose a model where the size of the public sector and aggregate output are interrelated through the occupational choice of agents who differ in their skill level and degree of public-mindedness. When the public sector attracts bureaucrats with low degree of public service motivation, they will use their position to rent seek by employing an excessive number of unskilled workers. This leads to an equilibrium with relatively high unskilled wages, which lowers profits and deters entrepreneur...
-
作者：Zhou, Weina
作者单位：Dalhousie University
摘要：This study analyzes the effect of the number of brothers an individual has on that individual's household savings rate under the current underdeveloped household financial market in urban China. I show that having an additional brother reduces an individual's household savings rate by at least 5 percentage points. Brothers help households (1) by sharing risks, providing a source of informal borrowing, and (2) by sharing the cost of supporting parents. Sisters play a minor role in affecting a h...
-
作者：Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Deininger, Klaus; Goldstein, Markus
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：We evaluate the short-term impact of a pilot land regularization program in Rwanda using a geographic discontinuity design with spatial fixed effects. Three key findings emerge from the analysis. First, the program seems to have improved land access for legally married women (about 76% of married couples) and prompted better recording of inheritance rights without gender bias. Second, we find that the program was associated with a very large impact on investment and maintenance of soil conserv...
-
作者：Gutierrez, Federico H.
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：Economic development is associated with an increase in the share of workers in salaried jobs. This process may be accompanied by a reduction in wage fluctuations if labor contracts are used as income smoothing mechanisms. This paper tests to what extent salaried jobs help reduce the volatility of wages by insuring workers against productivity shocks. Analysis of MxFLS data indicates that the average contractual arrangement in Mexico insures the worker against idiosyncratic productivity fluctua...
-
作者：Seshan, Ganesh; Yang, Dean
作者单位：Qatar Foundation (QF); Georgetown University in Qatar; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We randomly assigned male migrant workers in Qatar invitations to a motivational workshop aimed at improving financial habits and encouraging joint decision-making with spouses back home in India. 13-17 months later, we surveyed migrants and wives to estimate intent-to-treat impacts in their transnational households. Wives of treated migrants changed their financial practices and became more likely to seek out financial education themselves. Treated migrants and their wives became more likely ...
-
作者：Hidrobo, Melissa; Hoddinott, John; Peterman, Amber; Margolies, Amy; Moreira, Vanessa
作者单位：CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; The World Bank
摘要：The debate over whether to provide food-assistance and the form that this assistance should take has a long history in economics. Despite the ongoing debate, little rigorous evidence exists that compares food-assistance in the form of cash versus in-kind. This paper uses a randomized evaluation to assess the impacts and cost-effectiveness of cash, food vouchers, and food transfers. We find that all three modalities significantly improve the quantity and quality of food consumed. However, diffe...
-
作者：Cao, Kang Hua; Birchenall, Javier A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
-
作者：Bardhan, Pranab; Luca, Michael; Mookherjee, Dilip; Pino, Francisco
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Harvard University; Boston University; Universite Libre de Bruxelles
摘要：This paper studies how land reform and population growth affect land inequality and landlessness, focusing particularly on indirect effects owing to their influence on household divisions and land market transactions. Theoretical predictions of a model of household division and land transactions are successfully tested using household panel data from West Bengal spanning 1967-2004. The tenancy reform lowered inequality through its effects on household divisions and land market transactions, bu...
