1996

最新文章

• Special issue - Proceedings of the Trans-Atlantic Public Economics Seminar on Market Failures and Public Policy - Editorial Introduction AI翻译
  作者：Gordon, R; Siniscalco, D
• Market structure and prices: The responses of hospitals in the UK National Health Service to competition AI翻译
  作者：Propper, C
  摘要：The internal market reforms to the UK National Health Service (NHS) are a model adopted in many health care systems. They introduce competition in supply. Little is known about the impact of these reforms. This paper examines the pricing responses of NHS suppliers to competition. The incentives of the reformed system are analysed. These indicate that prices should differ between buyers and markets. These hypotheses are tested using data on spot market transactions between hospitals and health ...
• Capital income taxation and long-run growth: New perspectives AI翻译
  作者：Razin, A; Yuen, CW
  作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Tel Aviv University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：We study the effects of capital income taxation on long-run growth in an endogenous growth framework with two distinguishing features: endogenous population and international capital mobility. Endogenizing population growth introduces a new channel for taxes to affect economic growth and enables us to discriminate the effects of taxes on total versus per capita income growth. Allowing for capital mobility in the open economy, we show how the effects of taxes on population growth and income gro...
• Transfer pricing rules and corporate tax competition AI翻译
  作者：Elitzur, R; Mintz, J
  作者单位：University of Toronto
  摘要：A multinational parent sells a non-marketed commodity to a foreign subsidiary that uses the product as an input to produce a product it then sells. The subsidiary is controlled by a local managing partner whose compensation consists of a lump-sum payment plus a share of the subsidiary's profit. The parent chooses an optimal transfer price taking into account incentives for the subsidiary's managing partner and taxes. Home and host governments impose corporate income taxes on the parent and sub...
• Do consumers respond to future income shocks? Evidence from social security reform in Taiwan AI翻译
  作者：Levenson, AR
  摘要：A prediction of the basic permanent income hypothesis/life cycle model is that an unexpected increase in future income produces an immediate increase in current consumption. This paper tests that prediction using data from Taiwan. The 1985 Labor Standards Law granted all employees in covered industries a windfall retirement/severance benefit. My results indicate that consumption did not increase immediately for those who were granted the windfall, relative to those who received no windfall. Mo...
• Taxes, redistribution, and growth AI翻译
  作者：Wright, R
  摘要：This paper develops a simple model to study the effects of growth on economic policy, and, in particular, on redistributive taxation. I do not explain economic growth; I assume it is exogenous, and ask how changes in the growth rate (and in several other variables) affect the outcome of a political process that determines taxes and transfers. It is shown that faster-growing economies will choose more or less redistribution, depending on risk aversion. In the empirically relevant case, the mode...
• How to tax a spatial monopolist AI翻译
  作者：Heywood, JS; Pal, D
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati
  摘要：This paper models the interaction of a government that maximizes tax revenue and a spatial monopolist that maximizes profit. The government has two tax instruments, a per unit output tax and a transport tax, and the monopolist can strategically alter its location and the mode of transport. If allowed only one tax instrument, then the government chooses the output tax, which generates inefficient strategic choices by the monopolist in order to avoid profit losses. Since the inefficiency is grea...
• On the provision of excludable public goods AI翻译
  作者：Fraser, CD
  作者单位：University of Warwick
  摘要：Self-selecting households consume an excludable public good via enabling expenditures-e.g. on TVs and licence fees for broadcasting. We characterise voluntary consumers at an arbitrary all-or-nothing price, and the optimal price a revenue-constrained welfare-maximiser facing voluntary consumers chooses. These are compared with those from universal provision of the public good via a uniform tax. We show that, inter alia, demand for the good might increase with price; self-selection will produce...
• Health insurance and the supply of entrepreneurs AI翻译
  作者：HoltzEakin, D; Penrod, JR; Rosen, HS
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Princeton University
  摘要：Some commentators have suggested that non-portable health insurance impedes people from leaving their jobs to start new firms, so that universal health insurance would significantly enhance entrepreneurial activity. We investigate this belief by comparing wage-earners who become self-employed during a given period of time with their counterparts who do not. By examining the impact of variables relating to the health insurance and health status of these workers and their families we attempt to ...
• Sentencing policy, implied demographic welfare weights, and the theory of sentencing reform AI翻译
  作者：Waldfogel, J
  作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University
  摘要：Different groups of people experience varying degrees of different externalities. By a government's choice of expenditures to control externalities, it affects different members of the population differently. These choices implicitly ''value'' the welfare of members of different groups. This paper adapts the framework developed by Ahmad and Stern (Journal of Public Economics, 1984, 25, 259-298) to infer welfare weights underlying a system of commodity taxation, to infer the welfare weights imp...