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作者：Beattie, Graham
作者单位：Loyola Marymount University
摘要：This paper analyzes whether media capture by advertisers is a potential source of the divergence between the scientific consensus and public discourse about climate change. I develop an objective measure of the tone of climate change coverage by creating an index that builds on Gentzkow and Shapiro (2010), using phrase frequency analysis to compare newspaper text with the UN's IPCC reports and the Heartland Institute's skeptical response, each of which are lengthy official reports with clear s...
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作者：Argys, Laura M.; Friedson, Andrew, I; Pitts, M. Melinda; Tello-Trillo, D. Sebastian
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta; University of Virginia
摘要：A primary goal of health insurance is smoothing the financial risk associated with health shocks. We estimate the effect of exposure to health-insurance reform on individual-level financial well-being. Utilizing a plausibly exogenous shock to health insurance status resulting from a sudden disenrollment from Tennessee's Medicaid program in 2005, we find that the reform resulted in a 2.78 point decline in credit risk score for an individual in the median county in Tennessee. This study is the f...
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作者：Tazhitdinova, Alisa
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：I explore labor supply responses to an unusually large and salient notch generated by the Mini-Job program in Germany. Using administrative data, I document three findings. First, despite the unusually large magnitude of incentives, earnings elasticities are modest, even after accounting for frictions. Second, the observed response cannot be fully attributed to labor supply alone; rather, the observed outcomes are highly dependent on the availability of jobs and, so are strongly influenced by ...
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作者：Brassiolo, Pablo; Estrada, Ricardo; Fajardo, Gustavo
摘要：We show that local politicians' probability of being employed by a municipality increases when they have a strong party connection to its mayor. Using a regression discontinuity design, we compare the employment outcomes of individuals connected to the winner vis-a-vis those connected to the runner-up in close mayoral races in Ecuador. Among candidates to local councils who lose their bid, the probability of getting a job in the municipality increases tenfold when their own party's mayoral nom...
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作者：Guriev, Sergei; Treisman, Daniel
作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We develop an informational theory of autocracy. Dictators survive not by means of force or ideology but because they convince the public-rightly or wrongly-that they are competent. Citizens do not observe the leader's type but infer it from signals in their living standards, state propaganda, and messages sent by an informed elite via independent media. If citizens conclude that the leader is incompetent, they overthrow him. The dictator can invest in making convincing state propaganda, censo...
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作者：Agranov, Marina; Cotton, Christopher; Tergiman, Chloe
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; Queens University - Canada; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：We extend a simple repeated, multilateral bargaining model to allow successful agenda setters to hold on to power as long as they maintain the support of a majority of other committee members. Theoretically and experimentally, we compare this Endogenous Power environment with a standard Random Power environment in which agenda setters are appointed randomly each period. Although the theoretical analysis predicts that the two environments are outcome equivalent, the experimental analysis shows ...
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作者：Funk, Patricia; Litschig, Stephan
作者单位：Universita della Svizzera Italiana; National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
摘要：This paper investigates whether the form of the legislative institution - citizen assembly versus elected parliament - affects the level and composition of local public expenditure. Our empirical analysis focuses on medium-sized and mostly German-speaking communes in Switzerland that switched from assembly to parliament between 1945 and 2010. Event study estimates suggest that parliament adoption increases total spending by about 6% and that this increase is driven mostly by general administra...
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作者：Harju, Jarkko; Kosonen, Tuomas; Slemrod, Joel
作者单位：VATT Institute for Economic Research; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We study a tax evasion response to car taxes in Finland, where used car importers overstate the mileage to reduce tax liability. First, we develop a tax evasion measure by comparing reported mileage upon import with subsequent information from vehicle inspections, and find that a decline in mileage - missing miles - occurs frequently. Second, we analyze a tax rate increase, and observe a reduction in the number of imported used cars, but only among non-evaders. Finally, we analyze an RCT infor...
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作者：Myers, Erica
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：This paper explores whether energy cost information asymmetries exist between landlords and tenants by exploiting variation in which party pays for energy. Because tenants are always fully informed about their total housing costs in the landlord-pay regime, the effect of energy cost changes on tenant turnover, rents, and efficiency investment should differ between the two payment regimes under asymmetric information but not symmetric information. Using energy cost variation in the form of chan...
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作者：Hendren, Nathaniel
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This paper provides a method to measure the traditional Kaldor-Hicks notion of economic efficiency when taxes affect behavior. In contrast to traditional unweighted surplus, measuring efficiency requires weighting individual benefits (or surplus) by the marginal cost to the government of providing a $1 transfer at each income level. These weights correspond to the solution to the inverse-optimum program in the optimal tax literature: they are the social planning weights that would rationalize ...
