-
作者：Jessen, Jonas; Schmitz, Sophia; Waights, Sevrin
作者单位：Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Free University of Berlin; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We document gaps in day care enrolment by family background in a country with a universal day care system (Germany). Research demonstrates that children of parents with lower educational attainment and children of migrant parents may benefit the most from day care, making it important to understand why such enrolment gaps exist. We use a unique data set that records both parental demand for day care and actual usage to investigate determinants using complementary decomposition and quasi-experi...
-
作者：Kraft, Matthew A.; Brunner, Eric J.; Dougherty, Shaun M.; Schwegman, David J.
作者单位：Brown University; University of Connecticut; Vanderbilt University; American University
摘要：In recent years, states have sought to increase accountability for public school teachers by implementing a package of reforms centered on high-stakes evaluation systems. We examine the effect of these reforms on the supply and quality of new teachers. Leveraging variation across states and time, we find that accountability reforms reduced the number of newly licensed teacher candidates and increased the likelihood of unfilled teaching positions, particularly in hard-to-staff schools. Evidence...
-
作者：Fremeaux, Nicolas; Leturcq, Marion
作者单位：Universite Paris-Pantheon-Assas
摘要：We document the individualization of wealth in France between 1998 and 2015, using precise survey data on the property titles of assets. It is characterized by an increase in the share of wealth which is individualized by spouses (vs. jointly owned) and by an increase in the share of wealth held by singles. We show that the usual measures of wealth inequality, which allocate the same share of household wealth to each spouse or partner, overestimate the share of wealth held by women. This resul...
-
作者：Almunia, Miguel; Guceri, Irem; Lockwood, Ben; Scharf, Kimberley
作者单位：CUNEF Universidad; University of Oxford; University of Warwick; University of Birmingham
摘要：This paper estimates the effects of tax incentives on charitable contributions in the UK, using the universe of self-assessment income tax returns between 2005 and 2013. We exploit variation from a large reform in 2010 to estimate intensive- and extensive-margin tax-price elasticities of giving. Using a predicted-tax-rate instrument for the price of giving relative to consumption, we find an intensive-margin elasticity of about -0.2 and an extensive-margin elasticity of -0.1, yielding a total ...
-
作者：Schmieder, Johannes F.; Trenkle, Simon
作者单位：Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：A large literature has documented that the unemployment duration of unemployment insurance (UI) recipients increases with the generosity of the UI system. This has been interpreted as the disincentive effect of UI benefits; however, unemployed workers typically also have caseworkers assigned who are monitoring and assisting the job search efforts. These caseworkers may respond to differences in UI eligibility by shifting resources (financial or time) between unemployed individuals in order to ...
