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作者：Baylis, Patrick
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：How do people value their climate? This paper demonstrates a new approach to estimating preferences for non-market goods using social media data. I combine more than a billion Twitter updates with natural language processing algorithms to construct a rich panel dataset of expressed sentiment for the United States and six other English-speaking countries around the world. In the U.S., I find consistent and statistically significant declines in expressed sentiment from both hot and cold temperat...
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作者：Selin, Hakan; Simula, Laurent
作者单位：Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON)
摘要：Income shifting arises as one of the key questions when thinking about the design of a tax system as a whole. We study a simple economy, involving a benevolent policy-maker and a population of agents differing in terms of productivities, labor supply elasticities, and shifting costs. Paying special attention to the cost structure of income shifting, we highlight that when people who shift easily along the extensive margin are also more elastic in labor supply, giving them a lower tax rate is a...
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作者：Li, Han; Li, Jiangyi; Lu, Yi; Xie, Huihua
作者单位：Southwestern University of Finance & Economics - China; Sichuan University; Tsinghua University; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
摘要：This paper uses the discontinuity in house size generated by Chinese housing policies to identify the effect of housing wealth on labor supply. The analysis finds a substantial deterrent effect of housing wealth on labor supply. Much of the housing wealth effect comes from the labor participation decision, with the effect on employed workers being ambiguous. Females, young generation and households with high repayment capacity are more responsive to gains in housing wealth. (C) 2020 Elsevier B...
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作者：Casi, Elisa; Spengel, Christoph; Stage, Barbara M. B.
作者单位：University of Mannheim; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW)
摘要：We study the short-term effect of the first global multilateral standard for the automatic exchange of information (AEOI), the so-called Common Reporting Standard (CRS), on cross-border tax evasion. Employing newly available bilateral data on cross-border deposits, we find that the CRS induced a reduction of 11.5% in cross-border deposits parked in tax havens. However, despite the 4000 bilateral information exchange relations created under the CRS, deposit relocation is still an option for sec...
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作者：Babcock, Philip; Bedard, Kelly; Fischer, Stefanie; Hartman, John
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; California State University System; California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo
摘要：This paper investigates peer effects al the level of individual connections, leveraging the approach to shed light on peer mechanisms. In a field experiment using college freshmen, we elicited best friends and offered monetary incentives for gym visits to a treated subset. We find large spillovers from treated subjects to treated best friends but none from treated subjects to control best friends. We also find evidence of a mechanism: Subjects coordinate by visiting the gym with best friends, ...
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作者：Gugler, Klaus; Weichselbaumer, Michael; Zulehner, Christine
作者单位：Vienna University of Economics & Business; University of Vienna; IMT - Institut Mines-Telecom; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Telecom Paris; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：To estimate the differential effects of increased product demand on the demand for labor before and during the recent economic crisis, we use a combination of detailed employment data and the outcomes of public procurement auctions. We compare the employment reactions of the winner of an auction with the employment reactions of the second ranked firm (i.e., the runner-up firm). Assuming similar ex-ante winning probabilities for both firms, we view winning an auction as an exogenous shock to a ...
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作者：Luca, Michael; Malhotra, Deepak; Poliquin, Christopher
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：There have been dozens of high-profile mass shootings in recent decades. This paper presents three main findings about the impact of mass shootings on gun policy. First, mass shootings evoke large policy responses. A single mass shooting leads to a 15% increase in the number of firearm bills introduced within a state in the year after a mass shooting. This effect increases with the extent of media coverage. Second, mass shootings account for a small portion of all gun deaths, but have an outsi...
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作者：Immordino, Giovanni; Piccolo, Salvatore; Roberti, Paolo
作者单位：University of Naples Federico II; University of Bergamo
摘要：Westudy a simple law-enforcementmodelwhere the organizational structure of a criminal group is endogenous and determined jointly with the amnesty granted to whistleblowers. We allow criminals to choose between a horizontal (partnership) and a vertical (hierarchical) organization structure, andwe study howthis choice affects the optimal leniency granted by a benevolent Legislator whose aim is to minimize crime. We show that the optimal amnestywith an endogenous organizational choice is less len...
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作者：Agrawal, David R.; Wildasin, David E.
作者单位：University of Kentucky; University of Kentucky; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Kentucky; University of Kentucky; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Oxford
摘要：Technological innovations facilitating e-commerce have had major effects on consumer behavior and firm organization in the retail sector, but the effects of these new transaction technologies on fiscal systems remain unknown. We extend models of commodity tax competition to include multiple types of commodities, trade, and remote commerce, assuming, in accordance with current policy, that e-commerce is taxed at destination while cross-border shopping is taxed at origin. When the cost of online...
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作者：Carril, Rodrigo; Duggan, Mark
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study the relationship between market structure and public procurement outcomes. In particular, we ask whether and to what extent consolidation-driven increases in industry concentration affect the way in which the government procures its goods and services. We focus on the defense industry, by far the largest contributor to federal procurement spending in the US. This industry experienced a sharp increase in the level of concentration during the 1990s, driven by a series of large mergers b...
