-
作者：Fine, Cordelia; Cope, Liz; Elliott, Lucienne; Matthews, Chloe A.; Muscat, Madison; Polowyj, Christine; Warren, Harvey L.
作者单位：University of Melbourne
-
作者：Shen, Chen; He, Zhixue; Guo, Hao; Hu, Shuyue; Tanimoto, Jun; Shi, Lei; Holme, Petter
作者单位：Kyushu University; Yunnan University of Finance & Economics; Kyushu University; Tsinghua University; Aalto University; Kobe University
摘要：Stylized experiments, the public goods game and its variants thereof, have taught us the peculiar reproducible fact that humans tend to cooperate (or contribute to shared resources) more than expected from economically rational assumptions. There have been two competing explanations for this phenomenon: Either cooperating is an innate human trait (the prosocial preference hypothesis) or a transitory effect while learning the game (the confused learner hypothesis). We use large-scale experiment...
-
作者：Babuer, Beguem G.; Leong, Yuan Chang; Pan, Chelsey X.; Hackel, Leor M.; Sejnowski, Terrence J.
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of Chicago
摘要：Social rejection hurts, but it can also be informative: Through experiences of acceptance and rejection, people identify partners interested in connecting with them and choose which ties to cement or to sever. What is it that people actually learn from rejection? In social interactions, people can learn from two kinds of information. First, people generally learn from rewarding outcomes, which may include concrete opportunities for interaction. Second, people track the relational value others ...
-
作者：Liu, Guanyu; Li, Jing; Li, Xichen; Ying, Tong
作者单位：Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS
摘要：In the late spring to summer season of 2023, Canada witnessed unprecedented wildfires, with an extensive burning area and smoke spreading as far as the East Coast of the United States and Europe. Here, using multisource data analysis and climate model simulations, we show that an abnormally warm North Atlantic, as well as an abnormally low Barents Sea ice concentration (SIC), are likely key climate drivers of this Canadian fire season, contributing to similar to 80% of the fire weather anomaly...
-
作者：Scanlan, Pauline D.; Baquero, Fernando; Levin, Bruce R.
作者单位：University College Cork; University College Cork; Emory University
摘要：Why microbes harm their hosts is a fundamental question in evolutionary biology with broad relevance to our understanding of infectious diseases. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this evolution of virulence. In this perspective, we reexamine one of these hypotheses in the specific context of the human gut microbiome, namely shortsighted evolution. According to the shortsighted evolution hypothesis, virulence is a product of niche expansion within a colonized host, wherebyvarian...
-
作者：Ding, Erika A.; Yokokura, Takashi J.; Wang, Rui; Kumar, Sanjay
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California San Francisco
摘要：Neurofilaments (NFs) are multisubunit, bottlebrush- shaped intermediate filaments abundant in the axonal cytoskeleton. Each NF subunit contains a long intrinsically disordered tail domain, which protrudes from the NF core to form a brush surrounding each NF. Precisely how the tails' variable charge patterns and repetitive phosphorylation sites mediate their conformation within the brush remains an open question in axonal biology. We address this problem by grafting recombinant NF tail protein ...
-
作者：Friedman, David J.; Leone, Dominick A.; Amador, Juan Jose; Kupferman, Joseph; Francey, Lauren J.; Lopez-Pilarte, Damaris; Lau, Jorge; Delgado, Iris; Yih, W. Katherine; Salinas, Alejandro; Wang, Minxian; Genovese, Giulio; Shah, Shrijal; Kelly, Jessica; Tattersfield, Calum F.; Raines, Nathan H.; Amador, Magaly; Dias, Leny; Pitsillides, Achilleas; Rubio, Oriana Ramirez-; Amador, Alda G.; Cortopassi, Marissa; Applebaum, Katie M.; Alper, Seth L.; Banks, Alex S.; Mcclean, Michael D.; Leibler, Jessica H.; Scammell, Madeleine K.; Dupuis, Josee; Brooks, Daniel R.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Boston University; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard Pilgrim Health Care; Boston University; ISGlobal; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; George Washington University; Boston University; McGill University
摘要：Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN) is a progressive kidney disease found on the Pacific coast of Central America primarily in young male agricultural workers without typical kidney disease risk factors. While it is generally accepted that environmental exposures contribute to MeN, we hypothesized that there was also an important genetic component. We performed a genome-wide association study comparing individuals with MeN versus individuals with normal kidney function. We found that Native America...
-
作者：Kornhuber, Kai; Bartusek, Samuel; Seager, Richard; Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim; Ting, Mingfang
作者单位：International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Columbia University; Columbia University; Columbia University
摘要：Multiple recent record- shattering weather events raise questions about the adequacy of climate models to effectively predict and prepare for unprecedented climate impacts on human life, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Here, we show that extreme heat in several regions globally is increasing significantly and faster in magnitude than what state- of- the- art climate models have predicted under present warming even after accounting for their regional summer background warming. Across all global...
-
作者：Nagy, M. Aurel; Price, Spencer; Wang, Kristina; Gill, Stanley; Ren, Erika; Jayne, Lorna; Pajak, Victoria; Deighan, Sarah; Liu, Bin; Lu, Xiaodong; Diallo, Aissatou; Lo, Shih-Ching; Kleiman, Robin; Henderson, Christopher; Suh, Junghae; Griffith, Eric C.; Greenberg, Michael E.; Hrvatin, Sinisa
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Biogen; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Whitehead Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Spinal motor neuron (MN) dysfunction is the cause of a number of clinically significant movement disorders. Despite the recent approval of gene therapeutics targeting these MN- related disorders, there are no viral delivery mechanisms that achieve MN- restricted transgene expression. In this study, chromatin accessibility profiling of genetically defined mouse MNs was used to identify candidate cis- regulatory elements (CREs) capable of driving MN- selective gene expression. Subsequent testing...
-
作者：Liu, Yiming; Park, Wooyoung; Yiu, Chun Ki; Huang, Xingcan; Jia, Shengxin; Chen, Yao; Zhang, Hehua; Chen, Hongting; Wu, Pengcheng; Wu, Mengge; Liu, Zhenyu; Gao, Yuyu; Zhu, Kening; Zhao, Zhao; Li, Yuhang; Yokota, Tomoyuki; Someya, Takao; Yu, Xinge
作者单位：City University of Hong Kong; University of Tokyo; City University of Hong Kong; Beihang University; Tianmushan Lab; Liaoning Academy Materials; Beihang University; University of Tokyo; RIKEN; RIKEN; City University of Hong Kong
摘要：Gustation is one of the five innate sensations for humans, distinguishing from vision, auditory, tactile, and olfaction, as which is a close and chemically induced sense. Despite the fact that a handful of gustation display technologies have been developed, the new technologies still pose significant challenges in miniaturization of the overall size for portability, enriching taste options within a limited working area, supporting natural human-device interaction, and achieving precisely contr...
