6期

最新文章

• Topology of molecular deformations induces triphasic catch bonding in selectin-ligand bonds AI翻译
  作者：Barkan, Casey O.; Bruinsma, Robijn F.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：Among the long-standing efforts to elucidate the physical mechanisms of protein- ligand catch bonding, particular attention has been directed at the family of selectin proteins. Selectins exhibit slip, catch-slip, and slip-catch-slip bonding, with minor structural modifications causing major changes in selectins' response to force. How can a single structural mechanism allow interconversion between these various behaviors? We present a unifying theory of selectin-ligand catch bonding, using a ...
• Effects of climate, land use, and human population change on human-elephant conflict risk in Africa and Asia AI翻译
  作者：Guarnieri, Mia; Kumaishi, Grace; Brock, Cameryn; Chatterjee, Mayukh; Fabiano, Ezequiel; Adefowora, Roshni Katrak-; Larsen, Ashley; Lockmann, Taylor M.; Roehrdanz, Patrick R.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Conservation International; University of Namibia
  摘要：Human-wildlife conflict is an important factor in the modern biodiversity crisis and has negative effects on both humans and wildlife (such as property destruction, injury, or death) that can impede conservation efforts for threatened species. Effectively addressing conflict requires an understanding of where it is likely to occur, particularly as climate change shifts wildlife ranges and human activities globally. Here, we examine how projected shifts in cropland density, human population den...
• A large- effect fitness trade- off across environments is explained by a single mutation affecting cold acclimation AI翻译
  作者：Lee, Gwonjin; Sanderson, Brian J.; Ellis, Thomas J.; Dilkes, Brian P.; McKay, John K.; Agren, Jon; Oakley, Christopher G.
  作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Uppsala University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Kansas; University of Kansas; Austrian Academy of Sciences; Vienna Biocenter (VBC); Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI)
  摘要：Identifying the genetic basis of local adaptation and fitness trade - offs across environments is a central goal of evolutionary biology. Cold acclimation is an adaptive plastic response for surviving seasonal freezing, and costs of acclimation may be a general mechanism for fitness trade - offs across environments in temperate zone species. Starting with locally adapted ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana from Italy and Sweden, we examined the fitness consequences of a naturally occurring functi...
• The clustered gamma protocadherin PcdhγC4 isoform regulates cortical interneuron programmed cell death in the mouse cortex AI翻译
  作者：Leon, Walter R. Mancia; Steffen, David M.; Dale-Huang, Fiona R.; Rakela, Benjamin; Breevoort, Arnar; Romero-Rodriguez, Ricardo; Hasenstaub, Andrea R.; Stryker, Michael P.; Weiner, Joshua A.; Alvarez-Buylla, Arturo
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of Iowa; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco
  摘要：Cortical inhibitory interneurons (cINs) are born in the ventral forebrain and migrate into the cortex where they make connections with locally produced excitatory glutamatergic neurons. Cortical function critically depends on the number of cINs, which is also key to establishing the appropriate inhibitory/excitatory balance. The final number of cINs is determined during a postnatal period of programmed cell death (PCD) when similar to 40% of the young cINs are eliminated. Previous work shows t...
• Reassessing the role of urban green space in air pollution control AI翻译
  作者：Venter, Zander S.; Hassani, Amirhossein; Stange, Erik; Schneider, Philipp; Castell, Nuria
  作者单位：Norwegian Institute Nature Research; NILU
  摘要：The assumption that vegetation improves air quality is prevalent in scientific, popular, and political discourse. However, experimental and modeling studies show the effect of green space on air pollutant concentrations in urban settings is highly variable and context specific. We revisited the link between vegetation and air quality using satellite- derived changes of urban green space and air pollutant concentrations from 2,615 established monitoring stations over Europe and the United State...
• Helical sulfonyl-γ-AApeptides modulating Aβ oligomerization and cytotoxicity by recognizing Aβ helix AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Heng; Cui, Yunpeng; Zhao, Xue; Wei, Lulu; Wang, Xudong; Shen, Ning; Odom, Timothy; Li, Xuming; Lawless, William; Karunarathne, Kanchana; Muschol, Martin; Guida, Wayne; Cao, Chuanhai; Ye, Libin; Cai, Jianfeng
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida
  摘要：In contrast to prevalent strategies which make use of beta-sheet mimetics to block A beta fibrillar growth, in this study, we designed a series of sulfonyl-gamma-AApeptide helices that targeted the crucial alpha-helix domain of A beta 13-26 and stabilized A beta conformation to avoid forming the neurotoxic A beta oligomeric beta-sheets. Biophysical assays such as amyloid kinetics and TEM demonstrated that the A beta oligomerization and fibrillation could be greatly prevented and even reversed ...
• Systematic analysis of nonprogrammed frameshift suppression in E. coli via translational tiling proteomics AI翻译
  作者：Springstein, Benjamin L.; Paulo, Joao A.; Park, Hankum; Henry, Kemardo; Fleming, Eleanor; Feder, Zoe; Harper, J. Wade; Hochschild, Ann; Zaher, Hani S.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Institute of Science & Technology - Austria; Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU)
  摘要：The synthesis of proteins as encoded in the genome depends critically on translational fidelity. Nevertheless, errors inevitably occur, and those that result in reading frame shifts are particularly consequential because the resulting polypeptides are typically nonfunctional. Despite the generally maladaptive impact of such errors, the proper decoding of certain mRNAs, including many viral mRNAs, depends on a process known as programmed ribosomal frameshifting. The fact that these programmed e...
• Chimera metasurface for multiterrain invisibility AI翻译
  作者：Xu, Zhao- Hua; Xu, Su; Qian, Chao; Xu, Wenya; Ren, Hang; Su, Wenming; Chen, Qi- Dai; Chen, Hongsheng; Sun, Hong - Bo
  作者单位：Jilin University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech & Nano-Bionics, CAS; Tsinghua University
  摘要：Invisibility, a fascinating ability of hiding objects within environments, has attracted broad interest for a long time. However, current invisibility technologies are still restricted to stationary environments and narrow band. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a Chimera metasurface for multiterrain invisibility by synthesizing the natural camouflage traits of various poikilotherms. The metasurface achieves chameleon - like broadband in situ tunable microwave reflection mimicry of realistic...
• Specialized replication of heterochromatin domains ensures self- templated chromatin assembly and epigenetic inheritance AI翻译
  作者：Nathanailidou, Patroula; Dhakshnamoorthy, Jothy; Xiao, Hua; Zofall, Martin; Holla, Sahana; O'Neill, Maura; Andresson, Thorkell; Wheeler, David; Grewal, Shiv I. S.
  作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI); Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
  摘要：Heterochromatin, defined by histone H3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9me), spreads across large domains and can be epigenetically inherited in a self- propagating manner. Heterochromatin propagation depends upon a read-write mechanism, where the Clr4/ Suv39h methyltransferase binds to preexisting trimethylated H3K9 (H3K9me3) and further deposits H3K9me. How the parental methylated histone template is preserved during DNA replication is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate using Schizosaccharom...
• Loss of activation by GABA in vertebrate delta ionotropic glutamate receptors AI翻译
  作者：Rosano, Giulio; Barzasi, Allan; Lynagh, Timothy
  作者单位：University of Bergen
  摘要：Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) mediate excitatory signals between cells by binding neurotransmitters and conducting cations across the cell membrane. In the mammalian brain, most of these signals are mediated by two types of iGluRs: AMPA and NMDA (i.e. iGluRs sensitive to 2- amino - 3- (5- methyl- 3- oxo-1,2- oxazol- 4- yl)propanoic acid and N- methyl - D- aspartic acid, respectively). Delta - type iGluRs of mammals also form neurotransmitter- binding channels in the cell membrane, bu...