6期

最新文章

• Idea engines: Unifying innovation & obsolescence from markets & genetic evolution to science AI翻译
  作者：Lee, Edward D.; Kempes, Christopher P.; West, Geoffrey B.
  作者单位：The Santa Fe Institute
  摘要：Innovation and obsolescence describe dynamics of ever -churning and adapting social and biological systems, concepts that encompass field -specific formulations. We formalize the connection with a reduced model of the dynamics of the space of the possible (e.g., technologies, mutations, theories) to which agents (e.g., firms, organisms, scientists) couple as they grow, die, and replicate. We predict three regimes: The space is finite, ever growing, or a Schumpeterian dystopia in which obsolesc...
• Probing the dynamics and bottleneck of the key atmospheric SO2 oxidation reaction by the hydroxyl radical AI翻译
  作者：Yuana, Dao-Fu; Liu, Yang; Trabelsi, Tarek; Zhang, Yue-Rou; Li, Jun; Francisco, Joseph S.; Guo, Hua; Wang, Lai-Sheng
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Brown University; University of New Mexico; Chongqing University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：SO2 (Sulfur dioxide) is the major precursor to the production of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), contributing to acid rain and atmospheric aerosols. Sulfuric acid formed from SO2 generates light- reflecting sulfate aerosol particles in the atmosphere. This property has prompted recent geoengineering proposals to inject sulfuric acid or its precursors into the Earth's atmosphere to increase the planetary albedo to counteract global warming. SO2 oxidation in the atmosphere by the hydroxyl radical HO to f...
• In vivo functional phenotypes from a computational epistatic model of evolution AI翻译
  作者：Alvarez, Sophia; Nartey, Charisse M.; Mercado, Nicholas; de la Paz, Jose Alberto; Huseinbegovic, Tea; Morcos, Faruck
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
  摘要：Computational models of evolution are valuable for understanding the dynamics of sequence variation, to infer phylogenetic relationships or potential evolutionary pathways and for biomedical and industrial applications. Despite these benefits, few have validated their propensities to generate outputs with in vivo functionality, which would enhance their value as accurate and interpretable evolutionary algorithms. We demonstrate the power of epistasis inferred from natural protein families to e...
• A mouse model to distinguish NLRP6-mediated inflammasome- dependent and- independent functions AI翻译
  作者：Li, Runzhi; Zan, Yang; Wang, Decai; Chen, Xuequn; Wang, Anmin; Tan, Haoyuan; Zhang, Guorong; Ding, Siyuan; Shen, Chen; Wu, Hao; Zhu, Shu
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Program in Cellular & Molecular Medicine (PCMM)
  摘要：The NOD - like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) serves as a sensor for microbial dsRNA or lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and initiating multiple pathways including inflammasome pathway and type I interferon (IFN) pathway, or regulating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and mitogen- activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. NLRP6 can exert its function in both inflammasome- dependent and inflammasome- independent manners. However, there i...
• Reexpansion of charged nanoparticle assemblies in concentrated electrolytes AI翻译
  作者：Reinertsen, Roger J. E.; Kewalramani, Sumit; Jimenez-Angeles, Felipe; Weigand, Steven J.; Bedzyk, Michael J.; de la Cruz, Monica Olvera
  作者单位：Northwestern University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
  摘要：Electrostatic forces in solutions are highly relevant to a variety of fields, ranging from electrochemical energy storage to biology. However, their manifestation in concentrated electrolytes is not fully understood, as exemplified by counterintuitive observations of colloidal stability and long - ranged repulsions in molten salts. Highly charged biomolecules, such as DNA, respond sensitively to ions in dilute solutions. Here, we use non- base- pairing DNA- coated nanoparticles (DNA - NP) to a...
• Structure and function of the hippocampal CA3 module AI翻译
  作者：Sammons, Rosanna P.; Vezir, Mourat; Moreno-Velasquez, Laura; Cano, Gaspar; Orlando, Marta; Sievers, Meike; Grasso, Eleonora; Metodieva, Verjinia D.; Kempter, Richard; Schmidt, Helene; Schmitz, Dietmar
  作者单位：Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health; Humboldt University of Berlin; Max Planck Society; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health; Helmholtz Association; Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine
  摘要：The hippocampal formation is crucial for learning and memory, with submodule CA3 thought to be the substrate of pattern completion. However, the underlying synaptic and computational mechanisms of this network are not well understood. Here, we perform circuit reconstruction of a CA3 module using three dimensional (3D) electron microscopy data and combine this with functional connectivity recordings and computational simulations to determine possible CA3 network mechanisms. Direct measurements ...
• Dual- axial engineering on atomically dispersed catalysts for ultrastable oxygen reduction in acidic and alkaline solutions AI翻译
  作者：Dan, Meng; Zhang, Xiting; Yang, Yongchao; Yang, Jingfei; Wu, Fengxiu; Zhao, Shenlong; Liu, Zhao- Qing
  作者单位：Guangzhou University; Taiyuan University of Technology; University of Sydney
  摘要：Atomically dispersed catalysts are a promising alternative to platinum group metal catalysts for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), while limited durability during the electrocatalytic process severely restricts their practical application. Here, we report an atomically dispersed Co - doped carbon-nitrogen bilayer catalyst with unique dual - axial Co-C bonds (denoted as Co/DACN) by a smart phenyl- carbon- induced strategy, realizing highly efficient electrocatalytic ORR in both al...
• Discovery of lirafugratinib (RLY-4008), a highly selective irreversible small- molecule inhibitor of FGFR2 AI翻译
  作者：Schonherr, Heike; Ayaz, Pelin; Taylor, Alexander M.; Casaletto, Jessica B.; Toure, B. Barry; Moustakas, Demetri T.; Hudson, Brandi M.; Valverde, Roberto; Zhao, Songping; O'Hearn, Patrick J.; Foster, Lindsey; Sharon, Dina A.; Garfinkle, Sam; Giordanetto, Fabrizio; Lescarbeau, Andre; Kurukulasuriya, Ravi; Gerami-Moayed, Nastaran; Maglic, Dejan; Bruderek, Kamil; Naik, Gaauri; Gunaydin, Hakan; Mader, Mary M.; Boezio, Alessandro A.; Mclean, Thomas H.; Chen, Rongfeng; Wang, Yanxia; Shaw, David E.; Watters, James; Bergstrom, Donald A.
  作者单位：D. E. Shaw Research; Columbia University
  摘要：Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) kinase inhibitors have been shown to be effective in the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and other advanced solid tumors harboring FGFR2 alterations, but the toxicity of these drugs frequently leads to dose reduction or interruption of treatment such that maximum efficacy cannot be achieved. The most common adverse effects are hyperphosphatemia caused by FGFR1 inhibition and diarrhea due to FGFR4 inhibition, as current therapies are not sel...
• Visual guidance fine- tunes probing movements of an insect appendage AI翻译
  作者：Kannegieser, Soeren; Kraft, Nadine; Haan, Alexa; Stoeckl, Anna
  作者单位：University of Wurzburg; University of Konstanz; University of Konstanz
  摘要：Visually guided reaching, a regular feature of human life, comprises an intricate neural control task. It includes identifying the target's position in 3D space, passing the representation to the motor system that controls the respective appendages, and adjusting ongoing movements using visual and proprioceptive feedback. Given the complexity of the neural control task, invertebrates, with their numerically constrained central nervous systems, are often considered incapable of this level of vi...
• CRISPR-based screening of small RNA modulators of bile susceptibility in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron AI翻译
  作者：Prezza, Gianluca; Liao, Chunyu; Reichardt, Sarah; Beisel, Chase L.; Westermann, Alexander J.
  作者单位：Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research; University of Wurzburg; University of Wurzburg; University of Wurzburg
  摘要：Microbiota- centric interventions are limited by our incomplete understanding of the gene functions of many of its constituent species. This applies in particular to small RNAs (sRNAs), which are emerging as important regulators in microbiota species yet tend to be missed by traditional functional genomics approaches. Here, we establish CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) in the abundant microbiota member Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron for genome-wide sRNA screens. By assessing the abundance of differ...