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作者：Uneme, Yuta; Maeda, Ryu; Nakayama, Gen; Narita, Haruka; Takeda, Naoki; Hiramatsu, Ryuji; Nishihara, Hidenori; Nakato, Ryuichiro; Kanai, Yoshiakira; Araki, Kimi; Siomi, Mikiko C.; Yamanaka, Soichiro
作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; Kumamoto University; University of Tokyo; Kindai University (Kinki University); University of Tokyo; Kumamoto University
摘要：To maintain fertility, male mice re- repress transposable elements (TEs) that were de- silenced in the early gonocytes before their differentiation into spermatogonia. However, the mechanism of TE silencing re- establishment remains unknown. Here, we found that the DNA- binding protein Morc1, in cooperation with the methyltransferase SetDB1, deposits the repressive histone mark H3K9me3 on a large fraction of activated TEs, leading to heterochromatin. Morc1 also triggers DNA methylation, but TE...
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作者：Liu, Yang; Chen, Qiankun; Zhang, Hongli; Feng, Zeyu; Zou, Gang; Zhang, Douguo
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Hefei National Laboratory; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS
摘要：Label-free optical imaging of single- nanometer-scale matter is extremely important for a variety of biomedical, physical, and chemical investigations. One central challenge is that the background intensity is much stronger than the intensity of the scattering light from single nano- objects. Here, we propose an optical module comprising cascaded momentum-space polarization filters that can perform vector field modulation to block most of the background field and result in an almost black back...
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作者：Kang, Mingu; Otani, Yasumi; Guo, Yanyu; Yan, Jie; Goult, Benjamin T.; Howe, Alan K.
作者单位：University of Vermont; University of Vermont; University of Vermont; University of Kent; University of Liverpool; National University of Singapore
摘要：Protein kinase A (PKA) is a ubiquitous, promiscuous kinase whose activity is specified through subcellular localization mediated by A- kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). PKA has complex roles as both an effector and a regulator of integrin- mediated cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent observations demonstrate that PKA is an active component of focal adhesions (FA), suggesting the existence of one or more FA AKAPs. Using a promiscuous biotin ligase fused to PKA type-II alpha reg...
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作者：Giang, Amanda; Edwards, Morgan R.; Fletcher, Sarah M.; Frolick, Rivkah Gardner-; Gryba, Rowenna; Mathias, Jean-Denis; Cambron, Camille Venier-; Anderies, John M.; Berglund, Emily; Carley, Sanya; Erickson, Jacob Shimkus; Grubert, Emily; Hadjimichael, Antonia; Hill, Jason; Mayfield, Erin; Nock, Destenie; Pikok, Kimberly Kivvaq; Saari, Rebecca K.; Lezcano, Mateo Samudio; Siddiqi, Afreen; Skerker, Jennifer B.; Tessum, Christopher W.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; INRAE; Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA); Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; North Carolina State University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Notre Dame; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Dartmouth College; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Alaska System; University of Alaska Fairbanks; University of Waterloo; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Equity is core to sustainability, but current interventions to enhance sustainability often fall short in adequately addressing this linkage. Models are important tools for informing action, and their development and use present opportunities to center equity in process and outcomes. This Perspective highlights progress in integrating equity into systems modeling in sustainability science, as well as key challenges, tensions, and future directions. We present a conceptual framework for equity ...
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作者：Karbelkar, Amruta A.; Font, Maria; Smith, T. Jarrod; Sondermann, Holger; O'Toole, George A.
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Helmholtz Association; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
摘要：Biofilms of sulfate- reducing bacterium (SRB) like Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) can facilitate metal corrosion in various industrial and environmental settings leading to substantial economic losses. Although the mechanisms of biofilm formation by DvH are not yet well understood, recent studies indicate the large adhesin, DvhA, is a key determinant of biofilm formation. The dvhA gene neighborhood resembles the biofilm- regulating Lap system of Pseudomonas fluorescens but is curio...
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作者：Thomas, Adam E.; Bauer, Paulus S.; Dam, Michelia; Perraud, Veronique; Wingen, Lisa M.; Smith, James N.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：Although the last several decades have seen a dramatic reduction in emissions from vehicular exhaust, nonexhaust emissions (e.g., brake and tire wear) represent an increasingly significant class of traffic -related particulate pollution. Aerosol particles emitted from the wear of automotive brake pads contribute roughly half of the particle mass attributed to nonexhaust sources, while their relative contribution to urban air pollution overall will almost certainly grow coinciding with vehicle ...
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作者：Troeger, Lucas; Goirand, Florian; Alim, Karen
作者单位：Technical University of Munich
摘要：Many cells face search problems, such as finding food, mates, or shelter, where their success depends on their search strategy. In contrast to other unicellular organisms, the slime mold Physarum polycephalum forms a giant network -shaped plasmodium while foraging for food. What is the advantage of the giant cell on the verge of multicellularity? We experimentally study and quantify the migration behavior of P. polycephalum plasmodia on the time scale of days in the absence and presence of foo...
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作者：Vacus, Robin; Korman, Amos
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Haifa
摘要：In ecological contexts, it is conventionally expected that increased food availability would boost consumption, particularly when animals prioritize maximizing their food intake. This paper challenges this conventional wisdom by conducting an in-depth game -theoretic analysis of a basic foraging model, in which animals must choose between intensive food searching as producers or moderate searching while relying on group members as scroungers. Our study reveals that, under certain circumstances...
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作者：Bussi, Ivana L.; Ben-Hamo, Miriam; Leon, Luis E. Salazar; Casiraghi, Leandro P.; Zhang, Victor Y.; Neitz, Alexandra F.; Lee, Jeffrey; Takahashi, Joseph S.; Kim, Jeansok J.; de la Iglesia, Horacio O.
作者单位：Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Universidad de San Andres Argentina; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：We show that nocturnal aversive stimuli presented to mice while they are eating and drinking outside of their safe nest can entrain circadian behaviors, leading to a shift toward daytime activity. We also show that the canonical molecular circadian clock is necessary for fear entrainment and that an intact molecular clockwork in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the site of the central circadian pacemaker, is necessary but not sufficient to sustain fear entrainment of circadian rhythms. Our results...
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作者：Francis, Gregory
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University
