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作者：Sahan, Ayse Z.; Chen, Mingyuan; Su, Qi; Li, Qingrong; Wang, Dong; Zhang, Jin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：3-Phosphoinositides (3-PIs), phosphatidylinositol (3,4) bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P2] and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5) trisphosphate (PIP3), are important lipid second messengers in the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which is crucial to cell growth and frequently dysregulated in cancer. Emerging evidence suggests these lipid second messengers may be present in membranes beyond the plasma membrane, yet their spatial regulation within other membrane compartments is not well u...
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作者：Jarosik, Alexander; Nadasi, Hajnalka; Schwidder, Michael; Manabe, Atsutaka; Bremer, Matthias; Klasen-Memmer, Melanie; Eremin, Alexey
作者单位：Otto von Guericke University; Otto von Guericke University
摘要：We demonstrate an exceptional ability of a high -polarization 3D ferroelectric liquid to form freely suspended fluid fibers at room temperature. Unlike fluid threads in modulated smectics and columnar phases, where translational order is a prerequisite for forming liquid fibers, recently discovered ferroelectric nematic forms fibers with solely orientational molecular order. Additional stabilization mechanisms based on the polar nature of the mesophase are required for this. We propose a model...
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作者：Gong, Mengsha; Ashok, Minakshi; Helou, Ariane; Goentoro, Lea
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology
摘要：Why are jellyfish round? Animals get their shapes as they develop. After development, however, how animals keep their shapes is less understood. Moon jellies respond to perturbations to body shape, such as being halved or quartered, by reorganizing existing body parts and regaining radial symmetry, i.e., their round shape. The robust recovery of radial symmetry led us to investigate, in this study, how being round is encoded. We tested perturbing shape by grafting body sections in varying conf...
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作者：Fleckenstein, Florian; Stephan, Simon; Hasse, Hans
摘要：Aerosols play a major role in the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The behavior of the virus within aerosols is therefore of fundamental importance. On the surface of a SARS-CoV-2 virus, there are about 40 spike proteins, which each have a length of about 20 nm. They are glycosylated trimers, which are highly flexible, due to their structure. These spike proteins play a central role in the intrusion of the virus into human host cells and are, therefore, a focus of vaccine development. In ...
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作者：Luan, Junwei; Li, Siyu; Liu, Shirong; Wang, Yi; Ding, Liping; Lu, Haibo; Chen, Lin; Zhang, Junhui; Zhou, Wenjun; Han, Shijie; Zhang, Yiping; Hattenschwiler, Stephan
作者单位：International Centre for Bamboo & Rattan; Chinese Academy of Forestry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing Normal University; Chinese Academy of Forestry; Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, CAF; Qufu Normal University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, CAS; Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paul-Valery; Universite de Montpellier
摘要：Multiple facets of global change affect the earth system interactively, with complex consequences for ecosystem functioning and stability. Simultaneous climate and biodiversity change are of particular concern, because biodiversity may contribute to ecosystem resistance and resilience and may mitigate climate change impacts. Yet, the extent and generality of how climate and biodiversity change interact remain insufficiently understood, especially for the decomposition of organic matter, a majo...
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作者：Mete, Mustafa; Jeong, Haewon; Wang, Wei Dawid; Paik, Jamie
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Hanyang University
摘要：Tactile perception of softness serves a critical role in the survival, well-being, and social interaction among various species, including humans. This perception informs activities from food selection in animals to medical palpation for disease detection in humans. Despite its fundamental importance, a comprehensive understanding of how softness is neurologically and cognitively processed remains elusive. Previous research has demonstrated that the somatosensory system leverages both cutaneou...
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作者：Brabender, Max; Pereira, Delfina P. Henriques; Mrnjavac, Natalia; Schlikker, Manon Laura; Kimura, Zen-Ichiro; Sucharitakul, Jeerus; Kleinermanns, Karl; Tueysuez, Harun; Buckel, Wolfgang; Preiner, Martina; Martin, William F.
作者单位：Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Max Planck Society; Philipps University Marburg; Chulalongkorn University; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Philipps University Marburg; Philipps University Marburg
摘要：Autotrophic theories for the origin of metabolism posit that the first cells satisfied their carbon needs from CO2 and were chemolithoautotrophs that obtained their energy and electrons from H2. The acetyl-CoA pathway of CO2 fixation is central to that view because of its antiquity: Among known CO2 fixing pathways it is the only one that is i) exergonic, ii) occurs in both bacteria and archaea, and iii) can be functionally replaced in full by single transition metal catalysts in vitro. In orde...
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作者：Cao, Yingnan; Xu, Qing; Sun, Yi; Shi, Jixin; Xu, Yi; Tang, Yongfu; Chen, Xiudong; Yang, Shuai; Jiang, Zheng; Um, Han - Don; Li, Xiaopeng; Wang, Yong
作者单位：Shanghai University; Donghua University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS; Yanshan University; Jiujiang University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS; Zhangjiang Laboratory; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Kangwon National University
摘要：Organic electrodes mainly consisting of C, O, H, and N are promising candidates for advanced batteries. However, the sluggish ionic and electronic conductivity limit the full play of their high theoretical capacities. Here, we integrate the idea of metal- support interaction in single - atom catalysts with pi-d hybridization into the design of organic electrode materials for the applications of lithium (LIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). Several types of transition metal single atoms (e...
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作者：Cooke, Justin; Jerolmack, Douglas; Park, George Ilhwan
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：The structure and intensity of turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) drive fluxes of sediment, contaminants, heat, moisture, and CO2 at the Earth's surface. Where ABL flows encounter changes in roughness-such as cities, wind farms, forest canopies, and landforms-a new mesoscopic flow scale is introduced: the internal boundary layer (IBL), which represents a near -bed region of transient flow adjustment that develops over kilometers. Measurement of this new mesoscopic scale lies ou...
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作者：de Haas, Robbert J.; Brunette, Natalie; Goodson, Alex; Dauparas, Justas; Yi, Sue Y.; Yang, Erin C.; Dowling, Quinton; Nguyen, Hannah; Kang, Alex; Bera, Asim K.; Sankaran, Banumathi; de Vries, Renko; Baker, David; King, Neil P.
作者单位：Wageningen University & Research; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：The design of protein-protein interfaces using physics - based design methods such as Rosetta requires substantial computational resources and manual refinement by expert structural biologists. Deep learning methods promise to simplify protein-protein interface design and enable its application to a wide variety of problems by researchers from various scientific disciplines. Here, we test the ability of a deep learning method for protein sequence design, ProteinMPNN, to design two- component t...
