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作者：Sieh, Kerry; Herrin, Jason; Angel, Dayana Schonwalder
作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Technological University; National Taiwan University; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; Nanyang Technological University; Universidad Industrial de Santander
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作者：Su, Qi; Xu, Bing; Chen, Xin; Rokita, Steven E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Stanford University; Johns Hopkins University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University
摘要：Biological regulation often depends on reversible reactions such as phosphorylation, acylation, methylation, and glycosylation, but rarely halogenation. A notable exception is the iodination and deiodination of thyroid hormones. Here, we report detection of bromotyrosine and its subsequent debromination during Drosophila spermatogenesis. Bromotyrosine is not evident when Drosophila express a native flavin- dependent dehalogenase that is homologous to the enzyme responsible for iodide salvage f...
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作者：Echenique, Federico; He, Kevin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We show that adding noise before publishing data effectively screens p -hacked findings: spurious explanations produced by fitting many statistical models (data mining). Noise creates baits that affect two types of researchers differently. Uninformed p -hackers, who are fully ignorant of the true mechanism and engage in data mining, often fall for baits. Informed researchers, who start with an ex ante hypothesis, are minimally affected. We show that as the number of observations grows large, d...
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作者：Fielding, Suzanne M.
作者单位：Durham University
摘要：Materials with a negative Poisson ratio have the counterintuitive property of expanding laterally when they are stretched longitudinally. They are accordingly termed auxetic, from the Greek auxesis meaning to increase. Experimental studies have demonstrated auxetic materials to have superior material properties, compared with conventional ones. These include synclastic curvature, increased acoustic absorption, increased resilience to material fatigue, and increased resistance to mechanical fai...
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作者：Otter, Clayton J.; Renner, David M.; Fausto, Alejandra; Tan, Li Hui; Cohen, Noam A.; Weiss, Susan R.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; Monell Chemical Senses Center
摘要：All respiratory viruses establish primary infections in the nasal epithelium, where efficient innate immune induction may prevent dissemination to the lower airway and thus minimize pathogenesis. Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) cause a range of pathologies, but the host and viral determinants of disease during common cold versus lethal HCoV infections are poorly understood. We model the initial site of infection using primary nasal epithelial cells cultured at an air-liquid interface (ALI). HCoV-2...
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作者：Puri, Palka; Wu, Shiuan-Tze; Su, Chih-Ying; Aljadeff, Johnatan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：The mammalian brain implements sophisticated sensory processing algorithms along multilayered (deep) neural networks. Strategies that insects use to meet similar computational demands, while relying on smaller nervous systems with shallow architectures, remain elusive. Using Drosophila as a model, we uncover the algorithmic role of odor preprocessing by a shallow network of compartmentalized olfactory receptor neurons. Each compartment operates as a ratiometric unit for specific odor-mixtures....
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作者：Mcleish, Duncan F.; Williams-Jones, Anthony E.; Clark, James R.; Stern, Richard A.
作者单位：McGill University; University of Alberta
摘要：Pyrite is the most common sulfide mineral in hydrothermal ore - forming systems. The ubiquity and abundance of pyrite, combined with its ability to record and preserve a history of fluid evolution in crustal environments, make it an ideal mineral for studying the genesis of hydrothermal ore deposits, including those that host critical metals. However, with the exception of boiling, few studies have been able to directly link changes in pyrite chemistry to the processes responsible for bonanzas...
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作者：Wang, Hai; Zheng, Xiao-Tong; Cai, Wenju; Han, Zi- Wen; Xie, Shang-Ping; Kang, Sarah M.; Geng, Yu-Fan; Liu, Fukai; Wang, Chuan-Yang; Wu, Yue; Xiang, Baoqiang; Zhou, Lei
作者单位：Ocean University of China; Laoshan Laboratory; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Max Planck Society; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory; Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)
摘要：During 2010 to 2020, Northeast Pacific (NEP) sea surface temperature (SST) experienced the warmest decade ever recorded, manifested in several extreme marine heatwaves, referred to as warm blob events, which severely affect marine ecosystems and extreme weather along the west coast of North America. While year - toyear internal climate variability has been suggested as a cause of individual events, the causes of the continuous dramatic NEP SST warming remain elusive. Here, we show that other t...
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作者：Williamson, Jessie L.; Gyllenhaal, Ethan F.; Bauernfeind, Selina M.; Bautista, Emil; Baumann, Matthew J.; Gadek, Chauncey R.; Marra, Peter P.; Ricote, Natalia; Valqui, Thomas; Bozinovic, Francisco; Singh, Nadia D.; Witt, Christopher C.
作者单位：University of New Mexico; University of New Mexico; Cornell University; Cornell University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Georgetown University; Universidad Adolfo Ibanez; Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; University of Oregon
摘要：The ecoevolutionary drivers of species niche expansion or contraction are critical for biodiversity but challenging to infer. Niche expansion may be promoted by local adaptation or constrained by physiological performance trade-offs. For birds, evolutionary shifts in migratory behavior permit the broadening of the climatic niche by expansion into varied, seasonal environments. Broader niches can be short-lived if diversifying selection and geography promote speciation and niche subdivision acr...
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作者：Park, Jugeon; Lee, Eunee; Kim, Hoon; Ohk, Jiyeon; Jung, Hosung
作者单位：Yonsei University; Yonsei University Health System; Yonsei University; Yonsei University Health System
摘要：Protocadherin19 (PCDH19)-related epilepsy syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by early-onset epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autistic behaviors. PCDH19 is located on the X chromosome and encodes a calcium-dependent single-pass transmembrane protein, which regulates cell-to-cell adhesion through homophilic binding. In human, 90% of heterozygous females, containing PCDH19 wild-type and mutant cells due to random X inactivation, are affected, whereas mutant males, containing only mut...
