21期

最新文章

• Dark continuous noise from mutant G90D-rhodopsin predominantly underlies congenital stationary night blindness AI翻译
  作者：Chai, Zuying; Ye, Yaqing; Silverman, Daniel; Rose, Kasey; Madura, Alana; Reed, Randall R.; Chen, Jeannie; Yau, King-Wai
  作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; University of Southern California; Johns Hopkins University
  摘要：Congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) is an inherited retinal disease that causes a profound loss of rod sensitivity without severe retinal degeneration. One well-studied rhodopsin point mutant, G90D-Rho, is thought to cause CSNB because of its constitutive activity in darkness causing rod desensitization. However, the nature of this constitutive activity and its precise molecular source have not been resolved for almost 30 y. In this study, we made a knock-in ( KI) mouse line with a ve...
• Three- component systems represent a common pathway for extracytoplasmic addition of pentofuranose sugars into bacterial glycans AI翻译
  作者：Kelly, Steven D.; Ha Duong, Nam; Nothof, Jeremy T.; Lowary, Todd L.; Whitfield, Chris
  作者单位：University of Guelph; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; National Tsing Hua University; University of Alberta; National Taiwan University
  摘要：Cell surface glycans are major drivers of antigenic diversity in bacteria. The biochemistry and molecular biology underpinning their synthesis are important in understanding host-pathogen interactions and for vaccine development with emerging chemoenzymatic and glycoengineering approaches. Structural diversity in glycostructures arises from the action of glycosyltransferases (GTs) that use an immense catalog of activated sugar donors to build the repeating unit and modifying enzymes that add f...
• Seabirds reveal mercury distribution across the North Atlantic AI翻译
  作者：Albert, Celine; Moe, Borge; Strom, Hallvard; Gremillet, David; Brault-Favrou, Maud; Tarroux, Arnaud; Descamps, Sebastien; Brathen, Vegard Sandoy; Merkel, Benjamin; Astroem, Jens; Amelineau, Francoise; Angelier, Frederic; Anker-Nilssen, Tycho; Chastel, Olivier; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe; Danielsen, Johannis; Elliott, Kyle; Erikstad, Kjell Einar; Ezhov, Alexey; Fauchald, Per; Gabrielsen, Geir W.; Gavrilo, Maria; Hanssen, Sveinn Are; Helgason, Halfdan H.; Johansen, Malin Kjellstadli; Kolbeinsson, Yann; Krasnov, Yuri; Langset, Magdalene; Lemaire, Jeremy; Lorentsen, Svein-Hakon; Olsen, Bergur; Patterson, Allison; Plumejeaud-Perreau, Christine; Reiertsen, Tone K.; Systad, Geir Helge; Thompson, Paul M.; Thorarinsson, Thorkell Lindberg; Bustamante, Paco; Fort, Jerome
  作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Norwegian Institute Nature Research; Norwegian Polar Institute; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paul-Valery; Universite de Montpellier; University of Cape Town; Norwegian Institute Nature Research; Akvaplan-niva; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Faroe Marine Research Institute (FAMRI); McGill University; Russian Academy of Sciences; Murmansk Marine Biological Institute; Norwegian Institute Nature Research; Norwegian Institute Nature Research; University of Aberdeen; Institut Universitaire de France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Universite de Rennes
  摘要：Mercury (Hg) is a heterogeneously distributed toxicant affecting wildlife and human health. Yet, the spatial distribution of Hg remains poorly documented, especially in food webs, even though this knowledge is essential to assess large - scale risk of toxicity for the biota and human populations. Here, we used seabirds to assess, at an unprecedented population and geographic magnitude and high resolution, the spatial distribution Hg in North Atlantic marine food webs. To this end, we combined ...
• The effects of bathymetry on the long-term carbon cycle and CCD AI翻译
  作者：Bogumil, Matthew; Mittal, Tushar; Lithgow-Bertelloni, Carolina
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
  摘要：The shape of the ocean floor (bathymetry) and the overlaying sediments provide the largest carbon sink throughout Earth's history, supporting similar to one to two orders of magnitude more carbon storage than the oceans and atmosphere combined. While accumulation and erosion of these sediments are bathymetry dependent (e.g., due to pressure, temperature, salinity, ion concentration, and available productivity), no systemic study has quantified how global and basin scale bathymetry, controlled ...
• Bacterial lifestyle shapes pangenomes AI翻译
  作者：Dewar, Anna E.; Hao, Chunhui; Belcher, Laurence J.; Ghoul, Melanie; West, Stuart A.
  作者单位：University of Oxford
  摘要：Pangenomes vary across bacteria. Some species have fluid pangenomes, with a high pangenomes, with different genomes tending to contain the same genes. Two main hypotheses have been suggested to explain this variation: differences in species' bacterial lifestyle and effective population size. However, previous studies have not been able to test between these hypotheses because the different features of lifestyle and effective population size are highly correlated with each other, and phylogenet...
• Birds and babies: Ontogeny of vocal learning AI翻译
  作者：Kuhl, Patricia K.
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
• Inflation in 2022 did not affect congressional voting, but abortion did AI翻译
  作者：Mutz, Diana C.; Mansfield, Edward D.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：This study examines voting in the 2022 United States congressional elections, contests that were widely expected to produce a sizable defeat for Democratic candidates for largely economic reasons. Based on a representative national probability sample of voters interviewed in both 2020 and 2022, individuals who changed their vote from one party's congressional candidate to another party's candidate did not do so in response to the salience of inflation or declining economic conditions. Instead,...
• The effects of Facebook and Instagram on the 2020 election: A deactivation experiment AI翻译
  作者：Allcott, Hunt; Gentzkow, Matthew; Mason, Winter; Wilkins, Arjun; Barbera, Pablo; Brown, Taylor; Cisneros, Juan Carlos; Crespo-Tenorio, Adriana; Dimmery, Drew; Freelon, Deen; Gonzalez-Bailon, Sandra; Guess, Andrew M.; Kim, Young Mie; Lazer, David; Malhotra, Neil; Moehler, Devra; Nair-Desai, Sameer; Barj, Houda Nait El; Nyhan, Brendan; de Queiroz, Ana Carolina Paixao; Pan, Jennifer; Settle, Jaime; Thorson, Emily; Tromble, Rebekah; Rivera, Carlos Velasco; Wittenbrink, Benjamin; Wojcieszak, Magdalena; Zahedian, Saam; Franco, Annie; de Jonge, Chad Kiewiet; Stroud, Natalie Jomini; Tucker, Joshua A.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Hertie School; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of Pennsylvania; Princeton University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Northeastern University; Stanford University; Dartmouth College; Stanford University; Syracuse University; George Washington University; George Washington University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Amsterdam; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; New York University; New York University
  摘要：We study the effect of Facebook and Instagram access on political beliefs, attitudes, and behavior by randomizing a subset of 19,857 Facebook users and 15,585 Instagram users to deactivate their accounts for 6 wk before the 2020 U.S. election. We report four key findings. First, both Facebook and Instagram deactivation reduced an index of political participation (driven mainly by reduced participation online). Second, Facebook deactivation had no significant effect on an index of knowledge, bu...
• A hyperpolarizing neuron recruits undocked innexin hemichannels to transmit neural information in Caenorhabditis elegans AI翻译
  作者：Nakayama, Airi; Watanabe, Masakatsu; Yamashiro, Riku; Kuroyanagi, Hiroo; Matsuyama, Hironori J.; Oshima, Atsunori; Mori, Ikue; Nakano, Shunji
  作者单位：Nagoya University; University of Osaka; Nagoya University; Nagoya University; Nagoya University; Nagoya University; Gifu University; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing
  摘要：While depolarization of the neuronal membrane is known to evoke the neurotransmitter release from synaptic vesicles, hyperpolarization is regarded as a resting state of chemical neurotransmission. Here, we report that hyperpolarizing neurons can actively signal neural information by employing undocked hemichannels. We show that UNC-7, a member of the innexin family in Caenorhabditis elegans, functions as a hemichannel in thermosensory neurons and transmits temperature information from the ther...
• Remembering Judy Campisi: Fearless scientist and pioneer in cellular senescence AI翻译
  作者：Verdin, Eric
  作者单位：Buck Institute for Research on Aging