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作者：Fain, Gordon L.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
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作者：Gamoran, Avi; Lieberman, Lilach; Gilead, Michael; Dobbins, Ian G.; Sadeh, Talya
作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University; Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：Humans have the highly adaptive ability to learn from others' memories. However, because memories are prone to errors, in order for others' memories to be a valuable source of information, we need to assess their veracity. Previous studies have shown that linguistic information conveyed in self - reported justifications can be used to train a machine - learner to distinguish true from false memories. But can humans also perform this task, and if so, do they do so in the same way the machine - ...
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作者：Zhang, Zejun; Zheng, Luping; Huang, Weixin; Cheng, Qunfeng
作者单位：Beihang University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; University of Shanghai for Science & Technology
摘要：The fangs, jaws, and mandibles of marine invertebrates such as Chiton and Glycera show excellent mechanical properties, which are mostly contributed to the interactions between metal (Fe, Cu, Zn, etc.) and oxygencontaining functional groups in proteins. Inspired by these load - bearing skeletal biomaterials, we improved tensile strength and toughness of graphene films through bridging graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets by metal ions. By optimizing the metal coordination form and density of cross -...
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作者：Halasz, Haley; Malekos, Eric; Covarrubias, Sergio; Yitiz, Samira; Montano, Christy; Sudek, Lisa; Katzman, Sol; Liu, S. John; Horlbeck, Max A.; Namvar, Leila; Weissman, Jonathan S.; Carpenter, Susan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Whitehead Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) account for the largest portion of RNA from the transcriptome, yet most of their functions remain unknown. Here, we performed two independent high - throughput CRISPRi screens to understand the role of lncRNAs monocyte function and differentiation. The first was a reporter - based screen to identify lncRNAs that regulate TLR4 - NFkB signaling in human monocytes and the second screen identified lncRNAs involved in monocyte to macrophage differentiation. We successf...
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作者：Nishiike, Yuji; Okubo, Kataaki
作者单位：University of Tokyo
摘要：Adult male animals typically court and attempt to mate with females, while attacking other males. Emerging evidence from mice indicates that neurons expressing the estrogen receptor ESR1 in behaviorally relevant brain regions play a central role in mediating these mutually exclusive behavioral responses to conspecifics. However, the findings in mice are unlikely to apply to vertebrates in general because, in many species other than rodents and some birds, androgens-rather than estrogens-have b...
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作者：Sengupta, Anirban; Mishra, Arabinda; Wang, Feng; Chen, Li Min; Gore, John C.
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University
摘要：We report the reliable detection of reproducible patterns of blood- oxygenationlevel- dependent (BOLD) MRI signals within the white matter (WM) of the spinal cord during a task and in a resting state. Previous functional MRI studies have shown that BOLD signals are robustly detectable not only in gray matter (GM) in the brain but also in cerebral WM as well as the GM within the spinal cord, but similar signals in WM of the spinal cord have been overlooked. In this study, we detected BOLD signa...
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作者：Wright, Colin M.; Holbrook, C. Tate
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作者：Kim, Jae-Hwan; Guardado, Abraham Vazquez -; Luan, Haiwen; Kim, Jin-Tae; Yang, Da Som; Zhang, Haohui; Chang, Jan-Kai; Yoo, Seonggwang; Park, Chanho; Wei, Yuanting; Christiansen, Zach; Kim, Seungyeob; Avila, Raudel; Kim, Jong Uk; Lee, Young Joong; Shin, Hee-Sup; Zhou, Mingyu; Jeon, Sung Woo; Baek, Janice Mihyun; Lee, Yujin; Kim, So Young; Lim, Jaeman; Park, Minsu; Jeong, Hyoyoung; Won, Sang Min; Chen, Renkun; Huang, Yonggang; Jung, Yei Hwan; Yoo, Jae-Young; Rogers, John A.
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; North Carolina State University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); Northwestern University; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Rice University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Hanyang University; Dankook University; University of California System; University of California Davis; Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU); Northwestern University; Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU); Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
摘要：Sensations of heat and touch produced by receptors in the skin are of essential importance for perceptions of the physical environment, with a particularly powerful role in interpersonal interactions. Advances in technologies for replicating these sensations in a programmable manner have the potential not only to enhance virtual/augmented reality environments but they also hold promise in medical applications for individuals with amputations or impaired sensory function. Engineering challenges...
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作者：Turner, Gary R.; Hewan, Patrick; Wearn, Alfie; van Dooren, Roel; Wyatt, Lindsay; Leppert, Ilana R.; Baracchini, Giulia; Hughes, Colleen; Williams, Kayla M.; Sylvain, Elisabeth; Mercier, Jennifer Tremblay -; Poirier, Judes; Villeneuve, Sylvia; Tardif, Christine; Spreng, R. Nathan
作者单位：York University - Canada; McGill University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; McGill University; McGill University; McGill University; McGill University
摘要：Optimal decision - making balances exploration for new information against exploitation of known rewards, a process mediated by the locus coeruleus and its norepinephrine projections. We predicted that an exploitation - bias that emerges in older adulthood would be associated with lower microstructural integrity of the locus coeruleus. Leveraging in vivo histological methods from quantitative MRI - magnetic transfer saturation-we provide evidence that older age is associated with lower locus c...
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作者：Black, Andrew N.; Heenkenda, Erangi J.; Mathur, Samarth; Willoughby, Janna R.; Pierce, Brian L.; Turner, Sarah J.; Rizzuto, David; DeWoody, Andrew
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Auburn University System; Auburn University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：Speciation is often driven by selective processes like those associated with viability, mate choice, or local adaptation, and speciation genes have been identified in eukaryotic lineages. In contrast, neutral processes are rarely considered as the primary drivers of speciation, especially over short evolutionary timeframes. Here, we describe a rapid vertebrate speciation event driven primarily by genetic drift. The White pupfish ( Cyprinodon tularosa ) is endemic to New Mexico's Tularosa Basin...
