44期

最新文章

• The offline roots of online hostility: Adult and childhood administrative records correlate with individual-level hostility on Twitter AI翻译
  作者：Rasmussen, Stig Hebbelstrup Rye; Bor, Alexander; Petersen, Michael Bang
  作者单位：Aarhus University; Central European University
  摘要：Reducing hostility in social media interactions is a key public concern. Most extant research emphasizes how online contextual factors breed hostility. Here, we take a different perspective and focus on the offline roots of hostility, that is, offline experiences and stable individual-level dispositions. Using a unique dataset of Danish Twitter users (N = 4,931), we merge data from administrative government registries with a behavioral measure of online hostility. We demonstrate that individua...
• Anomalous wet summers and rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations increase the CO2 sink in a poorly drained forest on permafrost AI翻译
  作者：Ueyama, Masahito; Iwata, Hiroki; Nagano, Hirohiko; Kukuu, Naoki; Harazono, Yoshinobu
  作者单位：Osaka Metropolitan University; University of Alaska System; University of Alaska Fairbanks; Shinshu University; Niigata University
  摘要：At the northern high latitudes, rapid warming, associated changes in the hydrological cycle, and rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, [CO2], are observed at present. Under rapid environmental changes, it is important to understand the current and future trajectories of the CO2 budget in high- latitude ecosystems. In this study, we present the importance of anomalous wet conditions and rising [CO2] on the long- term CO2 budget based on two decades (2003-2022) of quasicontinuous measurements o...
• AMBRA1 controls the translation of immune- specific genes in T lymphocytes AI翻译
  作者：Gottlieb, Simone; Shang, Wanjing; Ye, Deji; Kubo, Satoshi; Jiang, Ping Du; Shafer, Samantha; Xu, Leilei; Zheng, Lixin; Park, Ann Y.; Song, Jian; Chan, Waipan; Zeng, Zhiqin; He, Tingyan; Schwarz, Benjamin; Haeupl, Bjoern; Oellerich, Thomas; Lenardo, Michael J.; Yao, Yikun
  作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition & Health, CAS; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; University of Occupational & Environmental Health - Japan; Shenzhen Children's Hospital; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Goethe University Frankfurt
  摘要：T cell receptor (TCR) engagement causes a global cellular response that entrains signaling pathways, cell cycle regulation, and cell death. The molecular regulation of mRNA translation in these processes is poorly understood. Using a whole- genome CRISPR screen for regulators of CD95 (FAS/APO-1)- mediated T cell death, we identified AMBRA1, a protein previously studied for its roles in autophagy, E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and cyclin regulation. T cells lacking AMBRA1 resisted FAS- mediated...
• Regional specialization, polyploidy, and seminal fluid transcripts in the Drosophila female reproductive tract AI翻译
  作者：Thayer, Rachel C.; Polston, Elizabeth S.; Xu, Jixiang; Begun, David J.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：Sexual reproduction requires the choreographed interaction of female cells and molecules with sperm and seminal fluid. In internally fertilizing animals, these interactions are managed by specialized tissues within the female reproductive tract (FRT), such as a uterus, glands, and sperm storage organs. However, female somatic reproductive tissues remain understudied, hindering insight into the molecular interactions that support fertility. Here, we report the identification, molecular characte...
• The mitochondrial enzyme pyruvate carboxylase restricts pancreatic β- cell senescence by blocking p53 activation AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Yumei; Wang, Baomin; Dong, Haoru; Lin, Huige; Ho, Melody Yuen-man; Hu, Ke; Zhang, Na; Ma, Jing; Xie, Rong; Cheng, Kenneth King-yip; Li, Xiaomu
  作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
  摘要：Defective glucose- stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and (3- cell senescence are hallmarks in diabetes. The mitochondrial enzyme pyruvate carboxylase (PC) has been shown to promote GSIS and (3- cell proliferation in the clonal (3- cell lines, yet its physiological relevance remains unknown. Here, we provide animal and human data showing a role of PC in protecting (3- cells against senescence and maintaining GSIS under different physiological and pathological conditions. (3- cell- specific de...
• Film intervention increases empathic understanding of formerly incarcerated people and support for criminal justice reform AI翻译
  作者：Reddan, Marianne C.; Garcia, Sydney B.; Golarai, Golijeh; Eberhardt, Jennifer L.; Zaki, Jamil
  作者单位：Stanford University; Yeshiva University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Princeton University; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：Nuanced portrayals of stigmatized groups in media have been shown to reduce prejudice. In an online experiment (N = 749), we tested whether a feature film depicting incarcerated peoples' experiences in the criminal justice system can increase a) empathic accuracy and compassion toward people who have been incarcerated and b) support for criminal justice reform. We measured baseline empathic accuracy via a well- validated task, where participants infer the emotions of people sharing stories abo...
• CXCL13 promotes broad immune responses induced by circular AI翻译
  作者：Wan, Jiawu; Wang, Caiqian; Wang, Zongmei; Wang, Lingli; Wang, Haoran; Zhou, Ming; Fu, Zhen F.; Zhao, Ling
  作者单位：Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Huazhong Agricultural University
  摘要：Antibody responses induced by current vaccines for influenza and SARS- CoV- 2 often alterations in the immune microenvironment within lymph nodes (LNs) are intricately circular RNA (circRNA) and targeted to LNs, in which CXCL13 was directly integrated into antigen- encoding circRNA strands. We demonstrated that CXCL13 alters the tranCXCL13 promotes the formation of germinal center and elicits robust antigen- specific T cell responses. With the codelivery of CXCL13 and the antigen, CXCL13 enhan...
• Substrate specificity controlled by the exit site of human P4-ATPases, revealed by de novo point mutations in neurological disorders AI翻译
  作者：Calianese, David C.; Noji, Tomoyasu; Sullivan, Jennifer A.; Schoch, Kelly; Shashi, Vandana; McNiven, Vanda; Ramos, Luiza Lorena Pires; Jordanova, Albena; Karteszi, Judit; Ishikita, Hiroshi; Nagata, Shigekazu
  作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of Osaka; University of Tokyo; Duke University; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; McMaster University; McMaster University Hospital; Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB); University of Antwerp; Medical University Sofia
  摘要：The maintenance of lipid asymmetry on the plasma membrane is regulated by flippases, such as ATP8A2, ATP11A, and ATP11C, which translocate phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine from the outer leaflet to the inner leaflet. We previously identified a patient- derived point mutation (Q84E) in ATP11A at the phospholipid entry site, which acquired the ability to flip phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho). This mutation led to elevated levels of sphingomyelin (SM) in the outer leaflet of the plasma...
• A protein phosphatase 1 specific phosphatase targeting peptide (PhosTAP) to identify the PP1 phosphatome AI翻译
  作者：Choy, Meng S.; Nguyen, Hieu T.; Kumar, Ganesan S.; Peti, Wolfgang; Kettenbach, Arminja N.; Page, Rebecca
  作者单位：Dartmouth College; Department of Biotechnology (DBT) India; National Institute of Immunology (NII)
  摘要：Phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs) are the key serine/threonine phosphatases that regulate all essential signaling cascades. In particular, Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) dephosphorylates similar to 80% of all ser/thr phosphorylation sites. Here, we developed a phosphatase targeting peptide (PhosTAP) that binds all PP1 isoforms and does so with a stronger affinity than any other known PP1 regulator. This PhosTAP can be used as a PP1 recruitment tool for Phosphorylation Targeting Chimera (PhosTAC)...
• CD4 T cells restricted to DRB1*15:01 recognize two Epstein-Barr virus glycoproteins capable of intracellular antigen presentation AI翻译
  作者：Drosu, Natalia; Anderson, Monique; Bilodeau, Philippe A.; Nishiyama, Shuhei; Mikami, Takahisa; Khoury, Natasha Bobrowski -; Cabot, Jackson; Housman, David; Levy, Michael
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. Infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the strongest environmental risk factor, and HLA- DR15 is the strongest genetic risk factor for MS. We employed computational methods and in vitro assays for CD4 T cell activation to investigate the DR15- restricted response to EBV. Using a machine learning- based HLA ligand predictor, the EBV glycoprotein B (gB) was predicted to be enriched in epitopes restricted t...