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作者：Lettman, Molly M.; Mendina, Caitlin A.; Burkard, Emma; Alvin, James R.; Zhu, Yunyun; Coon, Joshua J.; Audhya, Anjon
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; The Morgridge Institute for Research, Inc.
摘要：Inherited forms of motor neuron disease (MND), including hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP), are associated with the death or dysfunction of nerve cells that control skeletal muscle activity. However, in some cases, the impacts of genetic variants underlying MND act in a non-cell autonomous manner, instead affecting the function of other cell types necessary for neuronal maintenance. Pathological mutations in TFG, which have been implicated in HSP, lead to axonopathy within the corticospinal...
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作者：Spektor, Mikhail S.; Wulff, Dirk U.
作者单位：VinUniversity; University of Warwick; Max Planck Society; University of Basel
摘要：How do people search for information when they are given the opportunity to freely explore their options? Previous research has suggested that people focus on reducing uncertainty before making a decision, but it remains unclear how exactly they do so and whether they do so consistently. We present an analysis of over 1,000,000 information-search decisions made by over 2,500 individuals in a decisions-from- experience setting that cleanly separates information search from choice. Using a data-...
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作者：Fang, Bohao; Edwards, Scott V.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：Genomic structural variants (SVs) play a crucial role in adaptive evolution, yet their average fitness effects and characterization with pangenome tools are understudied in wild animal populations. We constructed a pangenome for House Finches (Haemorhous mexicanus), a model for studies of host- pathogen coevolution, using long- read sequence data on 16 individuals (32 de novo- assembled haplotypes) and one outgroup. We identified 887,118 SVs larger than 50 base pairs, mostly (60%) involving re...
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作者：Foged, Mads M.; Recazens, Emeline; Chollet, Sylvain; Lisci, Miriam; Allen, George E.; Zinshteyn, Boris; Boutguetait, Doha; Muench, Christian; Mootha, Vamsi K.; Jourdain, Alexis A.
作者单位：University of Lausanne; University of Geneva; Johns Hopkins University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Johns Hopkins University; Goethe University Frankfurt; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Mitochondrial biogenesis relies on both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, and imbalance in their expression can lead to inborn errors of metabolism, inflammation, and aging. Here, we investigate N6AMT1, a nucleo- cytosolic methyltransferase that exhibits genetic codependency with mitochondria. We determine transcriptional and translational profiles of N6AMT1 and report that it is required for the cytosolic translation of TRMT10C (MRPP1) and PRORP (MRPP3), two subunits of the mitochondrial...
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作者：Hardikar, Aditya, V; Hauser, Adam W.; Hopkins, Terrence M.; Sacanna, Stefano; Chaikin, Paul M.
作者单位：New York University; New York University
摘要：Microscale objects responding to chemical gradients by migrating toward or away from a preferred species is a simple yet constitutive mechanism by which transport occurs in biological organisms. Synthetic chemotaxis provides key physical descriptions of simplified systems that can be used in biological models, or in the creation of advanced responsive material systems. In this article, we provide a quantitative framework for understanding synthetic chemotaxis of microparticles which involves a...
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作者：Lieberthal, Tyler J.; Sahakyants, Tatevik; Szabo-Wexler, Naomi R.; Hancock, Matthew J.; Spann, Andrew P.; Oliver, Mark S.; Grindy, Scott C.; Neville, Craig M.; Vacanti, Joseph P.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：This study presents the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a general platform for the creation of three- dimensional printed devices (3DPDs) for tissue engineering applications. As a demonstration, we modeled the liver with 3DPDs consisting of a pair of parallel millifluidic channels that function as portal- venous (PV) and hepatobiliary (HB) structures. Perfusion of medium or whole blood through the PV channel supports the hepatocyte- containing HB channel. Device computer- aided design w...
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作者：Zareen, Neela; Yung, Halley; Kaczetow, Walter; Glattstein, Aliya; Mazalkova, Ekaterina; Alexander, Heather; Chen, Liang; Parra, Lucas C.; Martin, John H.
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) System; City College of New York (CUNY); City University of New York (CUNY) System
摘要：Electrical motor cortex stimulation can produce corticospinal system plasticity and enhance motor function after injury. We investigate molecular mechanisms of structural and physiological plasticity following electrical neuromodulation, focusing on identifying molecular predictors, or biomarkers, for durable plasticity. We used two neuromodulation protocols, repetitive multipulse stimulation (rMPS) and patterned intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), incorporating different stimulation ...
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作者：Cao, Yifeng; Jin, Di; Kampf, Nir; Klein, Jacob
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Zhejiang University
摘要：Lipid bilayers, ubiquitous in living systems, form lubricious boundary layers in aqueous media, with broad relevance for biolubrication, especially in mechanically stressed environments such as articular cartilage in joints, as well as for modifying material interfacial properties. Model studies have revealed efficient lubricity by single- component lipid bilayers; synovial joints, however (e.g. hips and knees), comprise over a hundred different lipids, raising the question of whether this is ...
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作者：Gresch, Daniela; Boettcher, Sage E. P.; Gohil, Chetan; van Ede, Freek; Nobre, Anna C.
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; Yale University; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Yale University
摘要：In everyday tasks, our focus of attention shifts seamlessly between contents in the sensory environment and internal memory representations. Yet, research has mainly considered external and internal attention in isolation. We used magnetoencephalography to compare the neural dynamics of shifting attention to visual contents within vs. between the external and internal domains. Participants performed a combined perception and working- memory task in which two sequential cues guided attention to...
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作者：Zhang, Shaowu; Bock, Fiola; Si, Aung; Tautz, Juergen; Srinivasan, Mandyam V.
