-
作者：Kamiyama, Yoshiaki; Katagiri, Sotaro; Li, Yangdan; Yamashita, Kota; Takase, Hinano; Umezawa, Taishi
作者单位：Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology
摘要：When plants are exposed to drought stress, there is a trade- off between plant growth and stress responses. Here, we identified a signaling mechanism for the initial steps of the drought- growth trade- off. Phosphoproteomic profiling revealed that Raf13, a B1 subgroup Raf-like kinase, is dephosphorylated under drought conditions. Raf13 and the related B1-Raf Raf15 are required for growth rather than the acquisition of osmotolerance. We also found that Raf13 interacts with B55- family regulator...
-
作者：Tsui, Joseph L. -H.; Zhang, Mengyan; Sambaturu, Prathyush; Busch-Moreno, Simon; Suchard, Marc A.; Pybus, Oliver G.; Flaxman, Seth; Semenova, Elizaveta; Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of London; University of London Royal Veterinary College; Imperial College London
摘要：Tracking the spread of emerging pathogens is critical to the design of timely and effective public health responses. Policymakers face the challenge of allocating finite resources for testing and surveillance across locations, with the goal of maximizing the information obtained about the underlying trends in prevalence and incidence. We model this decision- making process as an iterative node classification problem on an undirected and unweighted graph, in which nodes represent locations and ...
-
作者：Chevrier, Vincent F.; Slank, Rachel A.
作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Universities Space Research Association (USRA)
摘要：The possible presence of brines on Mars adds an intriguing dimension to the exploration of Martian environments. Their potential involvement in the formation of recurring slope lineae has sparked debates on the existence of liquid water versus alternative dry processes. In situ instrumentation on rovers and landers has been instrumental in providing valuable data for comprehending the dynamics of brines. Laboratory experiments and thermodynamic simulations conducted under Martian conditions of...
-
作者：Cropper, Maureen; Dunlop, Sarah; Hinshaw, Hudson; Landrigan, Philip; Park, Yongjoon; Symeonides, Christos
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Resources for the Future; Minderoo Foundation; University of Western Australia; Boston College; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne
摘要：More than 16,000 chemicals are incorporated into plastics to impart properties such as color, flexibility, and durability.These chemicals may leach from plastics, resulting in widespread human exposure during everyday use. Two plastic- associated chemicals- bisphenol A (BPA) and di(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-and a class of chemicals-brominated flame retardants [polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)]-are credibly linked to adverse health and cognitive impacts. BPA exposures are associated...
-
作者：Hoshal, Benjamin D.; Holmes, Caroline M.; Bojanek, Kyle; Salisbury, Jared M.; Berry II, Michael J.; Marre, Olivier; Palmer, Stephanie E.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Chicago; Princeton University; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; Princeton University; Sorbonne Universite; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Princeton University
摘要：Everything that the brain sees must first be encoded by the retina, which maintains a reliable representation of the visual world in many different, complex natural scenes while also adapting to stimulus changes. This study quantifies whether and how the brain selectively encodes stimulus features about scene identity in complex naturalistic environments. While a wealth of previous work has dug into the static and dynamic features of the population code in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), less i...
-
作者：Wang, Heng; Xu, Fang; Yao, Chenlu; Dai, Huaxing; Xu, Jialu; Wu, Bingbing; Tian, Bo; Shi, Xiaolin; Wang, Chao
作者单位：Soochow University - China; Soochow University - China; Soochow University - China
摘要：Inhibiting indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) for anticancer therapy has garnered significant attention in recent years. However, current IDO inhibitors face significant challenges which limit their clinical application. Here, we genetically engineered a high tryptophan- expressing Clostridium butyricum (L- Trp CB) strain that can colonize tumors strictly following systemic administration. We revealed that butyrate produced by L- Trp CB can inhibit IDO activity, preventing tryptophan catabolism...
-
作者：Yang, Jiali; Tan, Shaochong; Ge, Shengchan; Yang, Mingzhu; Liu, Hua; Liu, Wei; Zhang, Kaixiang; Zhang, Zhenzhong; Wang, Zhi-Hao; Shi, Jinjin; Liu, Junjie
作者单位：Zhengzhou University; Qingdao University
摘要：Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often associated with excessive inflammatory response and highly dysregulated gut microbiota. Traditional treatments utilize drugs to manage inflammation, potentially with probiotic therapy as an adjuvant. However, current standard practices often suffer from detrimental side effects, low bioavailability, and unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Microbial complexes characterized by mutually beneficial symbiosis hold great promise for IBD therapy. Here, we ag...
-
作者：Held, Noelle A.; Krishna, Aswin; Crippa, Donat; Battaje, Rachana Rao; Devaux, Alexander J.; Dragan, Anastasia; Manhart, Michael
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science & Technology (EAWAG); University of Southern California; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University Biomedical & Health Sciences
摘要：Resource availability dictates how fast and how much microbial populations grow. Quantifying the relationship between microbial growth and resource concentrations makes it possible to promote, inhibit, and predict microbial activity. Microbes require many resources, including macronutrients (e.g., carbon and nitrogen), micronutrients (e.g., metals), and complex nutrients like vitamins and amino acids. When multiple resources are scarce, as frequently occurs in nature, microbes may experience r...
-
作者：Moore, Frances C.; Drupp, Moritz A.; Rising, James; Dietz, Simon; Rudik, Ivan; Wagner, Gernot
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Hamburg; University of Hamburg; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Gothenburg; University of Delaware; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Cornell University; Columbia University
摘要：Estimating the cost to society from a ton of CO2-termed the social cost of carbon (SCC)-requires connecting a model of the climate system with a representation of the economic and social effects of changes in climate, and the aggregation of diverse, uncertain impacts across both time and space. A growing literature has examined the effect of fundamental structural elements of the models supporting SCC calculations. This work has accumulated in a piecemeal fashion, leaving their relative import...
-
作者：Perry, Carmen; Gerhards, Nora Merete; Francica, Paola; Rottenberg, Sven; Nussenzweig, Andre
作者单位：University of Bern; University of Bern
摘要：Taxanes are frequently used anticancer drugs known to kill tumor cells by inducing mitotic aberrations and segregation defects. A defining feature of specific cancers, notably triple- negative breast cancer (TNBC) and particularly those deficient in BRCA1, is chromosomal instability (CIN). Here, we focused on understanding the mechanisms of docetaxel- induced cytotoxicity, especially in the context of BRCA1- deficient TNBC. Using functional genetic screens in CIN+ cells, we identified genes th...
