2024

最新文章

• Improved atmospheric constraints on Southern Ocean CO2 exchange AI翻译
  作者：Jin, Yuming; Keeling, Ralph F.; Stephens, Britton B.; Long, Matthew C.; Patra, Prabir K.; Roedenbeck, Christian; Morgan, Eric J.; Kort, Eric A.; Sweeney, Colm
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC); Max Planck Society; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA
  摘要：We present improved estimates of air-sea CO2 exchange over three latitude bands of the Southern Ocean using atmospheric CO2 measurements from global airborne campaigns and an atmospheric 4 - box inverse model based on a mass- indexed isentropic coordinate (M theta e). These flux estimates show two features not clearly resolved in previous estimates based on inverting surface CO2 measurements: a weak winter - time outgassing in the polar region and a sharp phase transition of the seasonal flux ...
• Idea engines: Unifying innovation & obsolescence from markets & genetic evolution to science AI翻译
  作者：Lee, Edward D.; Kempes, Christopher P.; West, Geoffrey B.
  作者单位：The Santa Fe Institute
  摘要：Innovation and obsolescence describe dynamics of ever -churning and adapting social and biological systems, concepts that encompass field -specific formulations. We formalize the connection with a reduced model of the dynamics of the space of the possible (e.g., technologies, mutations, theories) to which agents (e.g., firms, organisms, scientists) couple as they grow, die, and replicate. We predict three regimes: The space is finite, ever growing, or a Schumpeterian dystopia in which obsolesc...
• Probing the dynamics and bottleneck of the key atmospheric SO2 oxidation reaction by the hydroxyl radical AI翻译
  作者：Yuana, Dao-Fu; Liu, Yang; Trabelsi, Tarek; Zhang, Yue-Rou; Li, Jun; Francisco, Joseph S.; Guo, Hua; Wang, Lai-Sheng
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Brown University; University of New Mexico; Chongqing University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：SO2 (Sulfur dioxide) is the major precursor to the production of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), contributing to acid rain and atmospheric aerosols. Sulfuric acid formed from SO2 generates light- reflecting sulfate aerosol particles in the atmosphere. This property has prompted recent geoengineering proposals to inject sulfuric acid or its precursors into the Earth's atmosphere to increase the planetary albedo to counteract global warming. SO2 oxidation in the atmosphere by the hydroxyl radical HO to f...
• Electrolyte design combining fluoro- with cyano- substitution solvents for anode- free Li metal batteries AI翻译
  作者：Mao, Minglei; Gong, Lei; Wang, Xiaobo; Wang, Qiyu; Zhang, Guoqun; Wang, Haoxiang; Xie, Wei; Suo, Liumin; Wang, Chengliang
  作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; Huazhong University of Science & Technology
  摘要：Fluoro- substitution solvents have achieved great success in electrolyte engineering for high- energy lithium metal batteries, which, however, is beset by low solvating power, thermal and chemical instability, and possible battery swelling. Instead, we herein introduce cyanogen as the electron- withdrawing group to enhance the oxidative stability of ether solvents, in which cyanogen and ether oxygen form the chelating structure with Li+ not notably undermining the solvating power. Cyano-group ...
• Neuronal sensorimotor integration guiding salt concentration navigation in Caenorhabditis elegans AI翻译
  作者：Matsumoto, Ayaka; Toyoshima, Yu; Zhang, Chenqi; Isozaki, Akihiro; Goda, Keisuke; Iino, Yuichi
  作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; Ritsumeikan University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Wuhan University
  摘要：Animals navigate their environment by manipulating their movements and adjusting their trajectory which requires a sophisticated integration of sensory data with their current motor status. Here, we utilize the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to explore the neural mechanisms of processing the sensory and motor information for navigation. We developed a microfluidic device which allows animals to freely move their heads while receiving temporal NaCl stimuli. We found that C. elegans regulates n...
• Regulation of anion-Na+ coordination chemistry in electrolyte solvates for low-temperature sodium-ion batteries AI翻译
  作者：Zhou, Xunzhu; Huang, Yaohui; Wen, Bo; Yang, Zhuo; Hao, Zhiqiang; Li, Lin; Chou, Shu-Lei; Li, Fujun
  作者单位：Nankai University; Wenzhou University; Nankai University; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations
  摘要：High- performance sodium storage at low temperature is urgent with the increasingly stringent demand for energy storage systems. However, the aggravated capacity loss is induced by the sluggish interfacial kinetics, which originates from the interfacial Na+ desolvation. Herein, all- fluorinated anions with ultrahigh electron donicity, trifluoroacetate (TFA-), are introduced into the diglyme (G2) - based electrolyte for the anion- reinforced solvates in a wide temperature range. The unique solv...
• Remembering MS Swaminathan: An outstanding scientist and visionary leader AI翻译
  作者：Khush, Gurdev S.; McCouch, Susan R.; Ronald, Pamela C.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; Cornell University
• Fast quantum interference of a nanoparticle via optical potential control AI翻译
  作者：Neumeier, Lukas; Ciampini, Mario A.; Romero-Isart, Oriol; Aspelmeyer, Markus; Kiesel, Nikolai
  作者单位：University of Vienna; Austrian Academy of Sciences; University of Innsbruck; Austrian Academy of Sciences
  摘要：We introduce and theoretically analyze a scheme to prepare and detect non-Gaussian quantum states of an optically levitated particle via the interaction with light pulses that generate cubic and inverted potentials. We show that this approach allows to operate on sufficiently short time- and length scales to beat decoherence in a regime accessible in state-of-the-art experiments. Specifically, we predict the observation of single-particle interference of a nanoparticle with a mass above 10(8) ...
• Spatiotemporal trends of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in China under climate variation AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Yuchen; Zhang, Chutian; Gao, Jing; Chen, Ziqi; Liu, Zhao; Huang, Jianbin; Chen, Yidan; Li, Zhichao; Chang, Nan; Tao, Yuxin; Tang, Hui; Gao, Xuejie; Xu, Ying; Wang, Can; Li, Dong; Liu, Xiaobo; Pan, Jingxiang; Cai, Wenjia; Gong, Peng; Luo, Yong; Liang, Wannian; Liu, Qiyong; Stenseth, Nils Chr.; Yang, Ruifu; Xu, Lei
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Karolinska Institutet; University of Helsinki; University of Helsinki; Helsinki University Central Hospital; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Tsinghua University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; Nanjing Medical University; Tsinghua University; University of Oslo; University of Oslo; University of Helsinki; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; China Meteorological Administration; Chinese Center for Disease Control & Prevention; National Institute for Communicable Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control & Prevention; Cornell University; Tsinghua University; University of Hong Kong; University of Oslo; University of Oslo; Beijing Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology
  摘要：Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a zoonotic disease caused by the rodent-transmitted orthohantaviruses (HVs), with China possessing the most cases globally. The virus hosts in China are Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus, and the disease spread is strongly influenced by global climate dynamics. To assess and predict the spatiotemporal trends of HFRS from 2005 to 2098, we collected historical HFRS data in mainland China (2005-2020), historical and projected climate and popul...
• Conversion of monoclonal IgG to dimeric and secretory IgA restores neutralizing ability and prevents Infection of Omicron lineages AI翻译
  作者：Marcotte, Harold; Cao, Yunlong; Zuo, Fanglei; Simonelli, Luca; Sammartino, Jose Camilla; Pedotti, Mattia; Sun, Rui; Cassaniti, Irene; Hagbom, Marie; Piralla, Antonio; Yang, Jinxuan; Du, Likun; Percivalle, Elena; Bertoglio, Federico; Schubert, Maren; Abolhassani, Hassan; Sherina, Natalia; Guerra, Concetta; Borte, Stephan; Rezaei, Nima; Kumagai-Braesch, Makiko; Xue, Yintong; Su, Chen; Yan, Qihong; He, Ping; Groenwall, Caroline; Klareskog, Lars; Calzolai, Luigi; Cavalli, Andrea; Wang, Qiao; Robbiani, Davide F.; Hust, Michael; Shi, Zhengli; Feng, Liqiang; Svensson, Lennart; Chen, Ling; Bao, Linlin; Baldanti, Fausto; Xiao, Junyu; Qin, Chuan; Hammarstrom, Lennart; Yang, Xinglou; Varani, Luca; Xie, Xiaoliang Sunney; Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang
  作者单位：Karolinska Institutet; Changping Laboratory; Peking University; Universita della Svizzera Italiana; IRCCS Fondazione San Matteo; Linkoping University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming Institute of Zoology, CAS; Braunschweig University of Technology; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Karolinska Institutet; Peking University; Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine & Health, CAS; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; European Commission Joint Research Centre; EC JRC ISPRA Site; Fudan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS; Karolinska Institutet; Guangzhou Laboratory; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College; University of Pavia
  摘要：The emergence of Omicron lineages and descendent subvariants continues to present a severe threat to the effectiveness of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. We have previ- ously suggested that an insufficient mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) response induced by the mRNA vaccines is associated with a surge in breakthrough infections. Here, we further show that the intramuscular mRNA and/or inactivated vaccines cannot suffi- ciently boost the mucosal secretory IgA response in uninfected individu...