2024

最新文章

• The fatty liver disease-causing protein PNPLA3-I148M alters lipid droplet-Golgi dynamics AI翻译
  作者：Sherman, David J.; Liu, Lei; Mamrosh, Jennifer L.; Xie, Jiansong; Ferbas, John; Lomenick, Brett; Ladinsky, Mark S.; Verma, Rati; Rulifson, Ingrid C.; Deshaies, Raymond J.
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Los Alamos National Laboratory
  摘要：Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, recently renamed metabolic dysfunction - associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is a progressive metabolic disorder that begins with aberrant triglyceride accumulation in the liver and can lead to cirrhosis and cancer. A common variant in the gene PNPLA3 , encoding the protein PNPLA3 - I148M, is the strongest known genetic risk factor for MASLD. Despite its discovery 20 y ago, the function of PNPLA3, and now the role of PNPLA3 - I148M, remain unclear. In ...
• Different states of synaptic vesicle priming explain target cell type-dependent differences in neurotransmitter release AI翻译
  作者：Aldahabi, Mohammad; Neher, Erwin; Nusser, Zoltan
  作者单位：Semmelweis University
  摘要：Pronounced differences in neurotransmitter release from a given presynaptic neuron, depending on the synaptic target, are among the most intriguing features of cortical networks. Hippocampal pyramidal cells (PCs) release glutamate with low probability to somatostatin expressing oriens-lacunosum-moleculare (O-LM) interneurons (INs), and the postsynaptic responses show robust short-term facilitation, whereas the release from the same presynaptic axons onto fast-spiking INs (FSINs) is similar to ...
• Iron silicate perovskite and postperovskite in the deep lower mantle AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Ziqiang; Song, Zijun; Wu, Zhongqing; Mao, Ho- kwang; Zhang, Li
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS
  摘要：Ferromagnesian silicates are the dominant constituents of the Earth's mantle, which comprise more than 80% of our planet by volume. To interpret the low shear-velocity anomalies in the lower mantle, we need to construct a reliable transformation diagram of ferromagnesian silicates over a wide pressure-temperature (P-T) range. While MgSiO3 in the perovskite structure has been extensively studied due to its dominance on Earth, phase transformations of iron silicates under the lower mantle condit...
• What one genus of showy moths can say about migration, adaptation, and wing pattern AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Jing; Cong, Qian; Shen, Jinhui; Song, Leina; Hallwachs, Winnie; Janzen, Daniel H.; Sourakov, Andrei; Grishin, Nick, V
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Pennsylvania; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
  摘要：The Ornate Moth, Utetheisa ornatrix , has served as a model species in chemical ecology studies for decades. Like in the widely publicized stories of the Monarch and other milkweed butterflies, the Ornate Moth and its relatives are tropical insects colonizing whole continents assisted by their chemical defenses. With the recent advances in genomic techniques and evo - devo research, it is becoming a model for studies in other areas, from wing pattern development to phylogeography, from toxicol...
• The genetic regulatory architecture and epigenomic basis for age-related changes in rattlesnake venom AI翻译
  作者：Hogan, Michael P.; Holding, Matthew L.; Nystrom, Gunnar S.; Colston, Timothy J.; Bartlett, Daniel A.; Mason, Andrew J.; Ellsworth, Schyler A.; Rautsaw, Rhett M.; Lawrence, Kylie C.; Strickland, Jason L.; He, Bing; Fraser, Peter; Margres, Mark J.; Gilberti, David M.; Gibbse, H. Lisle; Parkinson, Christopher L.; Rokyta, Darin R.
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Puerto Rico; University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez; Clemson University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; Washington State University; University of South Alabama
  摘要：Developmental phenotypic changes can evolve under selection imposed by age- and size -related ecological differences. Many of these changes occur through programmed alterations to gene expression patterns, but the molecular mechanisms and generegulatory networks underlying these adaptive changes remain poorly understood. Many venomous snakes, including the eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus), undergo correlated changes in diet and venom expression as snakes grow larger with a...
• Elements of successful NIH grant applications AI翻译
  作者：Araj, Houmam; Yeung, David T.; Baylin, Stephen
  作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
  摘要：Is there a formula for a competitive NIH grant application? The Serenity Prayer may provide one: Grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the ability to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference. But how to tell the difference? In this Perspective, we provide an inclusive roadmap-elements of NIH funding. Collectively, we have over 30 y of peer review experience as NIH Scientific Review Officers in addition to over 30 y of program experience as NIH Progra...
• Molecular dynamics in multidimensional space explains how mutations affect the association path of neomycin to a riboswitch AI翻译
  作者：Chyzy, Piotr; Kulik, Marta; Shinobu, Ai; Re, Suyong; Sugita, Yuji; Trylska, Joanna
  作者单位：University of Warsaw; University of Warsaw; RIKEN; RIKEN; RIKEN
  摘要：Riboswitches are messenger RNA (mRNA) fragments binding specific small moleculesto regulate gene expression. A synthetic N1 riboswitch, inserted into yeast mRNAcontrols the translation of a reporter gene in response to neomycin. However, itsregulatory activity is sensitive to single-point RNA mutations, even those distantfrom the neomycin binding site. While the association paths of neomycin to N1and its variants remain unknown, recent fluorescence kinetic experiments indicatea two-step proces...
• Antibiotic class with potent in vivo activity targeting lipopolysaccharide synthesis in Gram-negative bacteria AI翻译
  作者：Huseby, Douglas L.; Cao, Sha; Zamaratski, Edouard; Sooriyaarachchi, Sanjeewani; Ahmad, Shabbir; Bergfors, Terese; Krasnova, Laura; Pelss, Juris; Ikaunieks, Martins; Loza, Einars; Katkevics, Martins; Bobileva, Olga; Cirule, Helena; Gukalova, Baiba; Grinberga, Solveiga; Backlund, Maria; Simoff, Ivailo; Leber, Anna T.; Berruga-Fernandez, Talia; Antonov, Dmitry; Konda, Vivekananda R.; Lindstrom, Stefan; Olanders, Gustav; Brandt, Peter; Baranczewski, Pawel; Lundberg, Carina Vingsbo; Liepinsh, Edgars; Suna, Edgars; Jones, T. Alwyn; Mowbray, Sherry L.; Hughes, Diarmaid; Karlen, Anders
  作者单位：Uppsala University; Uppsala University; Uppsala University; Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis; Uppsala University; Uppsala University; SciLifeLab; Statens Serum Institut
  摘要：Here, we describe the identification of an antibiotic class acting via LpxH, a clinically unexploited target in lipopolysaccharide synthesis. The lipopolysaccharide synthesis pathway is essential in most Gram-negative bacteria and there is no analogous pathway in humans. Based on a series of phenotypic screens, we identified a hit targeting this pathway that had activity on efflux-defective strains of Escherichia coli. We recognized common structural elements between this hit and a previously ...
• Mid-infrared trace detection with parts-per-quadrillion quantitation accuracy: Expanding frontiers of radiocarbon sensing AI翻译
  作者：Jiang, Jun; McCartt, A. Daniel
  作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
  摘要：Detection sensitivity is a critical characteristic to consider during selection of spectroscopic techniques. However, high sensitivity alone is insufficient for spectroscopic measurements in spectrally congested regions. Two-color cavity ringdown spectroscopy (2C-CRDS), based on intra-cavity pump-probe detection, simultaneously achieves high detection sensitivity and selectivity. This combination enables mid-infrared detection of radiocarbon dioxide ((CO2)-C-14) molecules in room-temperature C...
• Deletion of the TMEM30A gene enables leukemic cell evasion of NK cell cytotoxicity AI翻译
  作者：Kristenson, Linnea; Badami, Chiara; Ljungberg, Angelica; Islamagic, Erna; Tian, Yarong; Xie, Guojiang; Hussein, Brwa Ali; Pesce, Silvia; Tang, Ka- Wei; Thoren, Fredrik B.
  作者单位：University of Gothenburg; University of Gothenburg; University of Gothenburg; University of Genoa; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; University of Gothenburg
  摘要：Natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy has gained attention as a promising strategy for treatment of various malignancies. In this study, we used a genome-wide CRISPR screen to identify genes that provide protection or susceptibility to NK cell cytotoxicity. The screen confirmed the role of several genes in NK cell regulation, such as genes involved in interferon-gamma signaling and antigen presentation, as well as genes encoding the NK cell receptor ligands B7 - H6 and CD58. Notably, the gene...