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作者：Nghiem, Trang-Anh Estelle; Lee, Byeongwook; Chao, Tzu-Hao Harry; Branigan, Nicholas K.; Mistry, Percy K.; Shih, Yen - Yu Ian; Menon, Vinod
作者单位：Stanford University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：The default mode network (DMN) is a large- scale brain network known to be suppressed during a wide range of cognitive tasks. However, our comprehension of its role in naturalistic and unconstrained behaviors has remained elusive because most research on the DMN has been conducted within the restrictive confines of MRI scanners. Here, we use multisite GCaMP (a genetically encoded calcium indicator) fiber photometry with simultaneous videography to probe DMN function in awake, freely exploring ...
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作者：Datta, Meenal; Via, Laura E.; Dartois, Veronique; Weiner, Danielle M.; Zimmerman, Matthew; Kaya, Firat; Walker, April M.; Fleegle, Joel D.; Raplee, Isaac D.; Mcninch, Colton; Zarodniuk, Maksym; Kamoun, Walid S.; Yue, Changli; Kumar, Ashwin S.; Subudhi, Sonu; Xu, Lei; Barry, Clifton E.; Jain, Rakesh K.
作者单位：Capital Medical University; University of Notre Dame; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; Division of Intramural Research (DIR); NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Division of Intramural Research (DIR); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
摘要：Host- directed therapies (HDTs) represent an emerging approach for bacterial clearance during tuberculosis (TB) infection. While most HDTs are designed and implemented for immuno- modulation, other host targets-such as nonimmune stromal components found in pulmonary granulomas-may prove equally viable. Building on our previous work characterizing and normalizing the aberrant granuloma- associated vasculature, here we demonstrate that FDA- approved therapies (bevacizumab and losartan, respectiv...
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作者：El Helou, Charles; Hyatt, Lance P.; Buskohl, Philip R.; Harne, Ryan L.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; United States Department of Defense; United States Air Force; US Air Force Research Laboratory
摘要：By synthesizing the requisite functionalities of intelligence in an integrated material system, it may become possible to animate otherwise inanimate matter. A significant challenge in this vision is to continually sense, process, and memorize information in a decentralized way. Here, we introduce an approach that enables all such functionalities in a soft mechanical material system. By integrating nonvolatile memory with continuous processing, we develop a sequential logic - based material de...
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作者：Lavroff, Robert H.; Munarriz, Julen; Dickerson, Claire E.; Munoz, Francisco; Alexandrova, Anastassia N.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Zaragoza; University of Zaragoza; Universidad de Chile; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Though YB6 and LaB6 share the same crystal structure, atomic valence electron configuration, and phonon modes, they exhibit drastically different phonon- mediated superconductivity. YB6 superconducts below 8.4 K, giving it the second- highest critical temperature of known borides, second only to MgB2. LaB6 does not superconduct until near- absolute zero temperatures (below 0.45 K), however. Though previous studies have quantified the canonical superconductivity descriptors of YB6's greater Fer...
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作者：Rubin, Thomas; Macaisne, Nicolas; Valles, Ana Maria; Guilleman, Clara; Gaugue, Isabelle; Dal Toe, Laurine; Huynh, Jean- Rene
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作者：Giang, Amanda; Edwards, Morgan R.; Fletcher, Sarah M.; Frolick, Rivkah Gardner-; Gryba, Rowenna; Mathias, Jean-Denis; Cambron, Camille Venier-; Anderies, John M.; Berglund, Emily; Carley, Sanya; Erickson, Jacob Shimkus; Grubert, Emily; Hadjimichael, Antonia; Hill, Jason; Mayfield, Erin; Nock, Destenie; Pikok, Kimberly Kivvaq; Saari, Rebecca K.; Lezcano, Mateo Samudio; Siddiqi, Afreen; Skerker, Jennifer B.; Tessum, Christopher W.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; INRAE; Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA); Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; North Carolina State University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Notre Dame; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Dartmouth College; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Alaska System; University of Alaska Fairbanks; University of Waterloo; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Equity is core to sustainability, but current interventions to enhance sustainability often fall short in adequately addressing this linkage. Models are important tools for informing action, and their development and use present opportunities to center equity in process and outcomes. This Perspective highlights progress in integrating equity into systems modeling in sustainability science, as well as key challenges, tensions, and future directions. We present a conceptual framework for equity ...
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作者：Karbelkar, Amruta A.; Font, Maria; Smith, T. Jarrod; Sondermann, Holger; O'Toole, George A.
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Helmholtz Association; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
摘要：Biofilms of sulfate- reducing bacterium (SRB) like Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) can facilitate metal corrosion in various industrial and environmental settings leading to substantial economic losses. Although the mechanisms of biofilm formation by DvH are not yet well understood, recent studies indicate the large adhesin, DvhA, is a key determinant of biofilm formation. The dvhA gene neighborhood resembles the biofilm- regulating Lap system of Pseudomonas fluorescens but is curio...
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作者：Thomas, Adam E.; Bauer, Paulus S.; Dam, Michelia; Perraud, Veronique; Wingen, Lisa M.; Smith, James N.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：Although the last several decades have seen a dramatic reduction in emissions from vehicular exhaust, nonexhaust emissions (e.g., brake and tire wear) represent an increasingly significant class of traffic -related particulate pollution. Aerosol particles emitted from the wear of automotive brake pads contribute roughly half of the particle mass attributed to nonexhaust sources, while their relative contribution to urban air pollution overall will almost certainly grow coinciding with vehicle ...
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作者：Troeger, Lucas; Goirand, Florian; Alim, Karen
作者单位：Technical University of Munich
摘要：Many cells face search problems, such as finding food, mates, or shelter, where their success depends on their search strategy. In contrast to other unicellular organisms, the slime mold Physarum polycephalum forms a giant network -shaped plasmodium while foraging for food. What is the advantage of the giant cell on the verge of multicellularity? We experimentally study and quantify the migration behavior of P. polycephalum plasmodia on the time scale of days in the absence and presence of foo...
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作者：Vacus, Robin; Korman, Amos
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Haifa
摘要：In ecological contexts, it is conventionally expected that increased food availability would boost consumption, particularly when animals prioritize maximizing their food intake. This paper challenges this conventional wisdom by conducting an in-depth game -theoretic analysis of a basic foraging model, in which animals must choose between intensive food searching as producers or moderate searching while relying on group members as scroungers. Our study reveals that, under certain circumstances...
