2024

最新文章

• Conformational ensembles in Klebsiella pneumoniae FimH impact uropathogenesis AI翻译
  作者：Lopatto, Edward D. B.; Pinkner, Jerome S.; Sanick, Denise A.; Potter, Robert F.; Liu, Lily X.; Villicana, Jesus Bazan; Tamadonfar, Kevin O.; Ye, Yijun; Zimmerman, Maxwell I.; Gualberto, Nathaniel C.; Dodson, Karen W.; Janetka, James W.; Hunstad, David A.; Hultgren, Scott J.
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogen causing difficult- to- treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). Over 1.5 million women per year suffer from recurrent UTI, reducing quality of life and causing substantial morbidity and mortality, especially in the hospital setting. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is the most prevalent cause of UTI. Like UPEC, K. pneumoniae relies on type 1 pili, tipped with the mannose- binding adhesin FimH, to cause cystitis. However, K. pneumoniae FimH is a poor bin...
• The surface interface and swimming motility influence surface- sensing responses in Pseudomonas aeruginosa AI翻译
  作者：Zheng, Xuhui; Gomez-Rivas, Emma J.; Lamont, Sabrina I.; Daneshjoo, Katayoun; Shieh, Angeli; Wozniak, Daniel J.; Parsek, Matthew R.
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
  摘要：Bacterial biofilms have been implicated in several chronic infections. After initial attachment, a critical first step in biofilm formation is a cell inducing a surface- sensing response. In the Gram- negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two second messengers, cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), are produced by different surface- sensing mechanisms. However, given the disparate cellular behaviors regulated by these second me...
• People who share encounters with racism are silenced online by humans and machines, but a guideline-reframing intervention holds promise AI翻译
  作者：Lee, Cinoo; Gligoric, Kristina; Kalluri, Pratyusha Ria; Harrington, Maggie; Durmus, Esin; Sanchez, Kiara L.; San, Nay; Tse, Danny; Zhao, Xuan; Hamedani, MarYam G.; Markus, Hazel Rose; Jurafsky, Dan; Eberhardt, Jennifer L.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Dartmouth College; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：Are members of marginalized communities silenced on social media when they share personal experiences of racism? Here, we investigate the role of algorithms, humans, and platform guidelines in suppressing disclosures of racial discrimination. In a field study of actual posts from a neighborhood-based social media platform, we find that when users talk about their experiences as targets of racism, their posts are disproportionately flagged for removal as toxic by five widely used moderation alg...
• The discovery and development of GLP-1 based drugs that have revolutionized the treatment of obesity AI翻译
  作者：Friedman, Jeffrey M.
  作者单位：Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Rockefeller University
  摘要：The 2024 Lasker similar to DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award has been given to Joel Habener and Svetlana Mojsov for their discovery of a new hormone GLP-1(7-37) and to Lotte Knudsen for her role in developing sustained acting versions of this hormone as a treatment for obesity. Each of the three had a distinct set of skills that made this advance possible; Habener is an endocrinologist and molecular biologist, Mojsov is a peptide chemist, and Knudsen is a pharmaceutical scientist. Their ...
• Structural basis for surface activation of the classical complement cascade by the short pentraxin C- reactive protein AI翻译
  作者：Noone, Dylan P.; Isendoorn, Marjolein M. E.; Hamers, Sebastiaan M. W. R.; Keizer, Mariska E.; Wulffele, Jip; van der Velden, Tijn T.; Dijkstra, Douwe J.; Trouw, Leendert A.; Filippov, Dmitri V.; Sharp, Thomas H.
  作者单位：Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); University of Bristol
  摘要：Human C- reactive protein (CRP) is a pentameric complex involved in immune defense and regulation of autoimmunity. CRP is also a therapeutic target, with both administration and depletion of serum CRP being pursued as a possible treatment for autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases, among others. CRP binds to phosphocholine (PC) moieties on membranes to activate the complement system via the C1 complex, but it is unknown how CRP, or any pentraxin, binds to C1. Here, we present a cryoelectron to...
• pSTAT3 activation of Foxl2 initiates the female pathway underlying temperature- dependent sex determination AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Pengfei; Wang, Xifeng; Ge, Chutian; Jin, Lin; Ding, Zihan; Liu, Fang; Zhang, Ju; Gao, Fei; Du, Weiguo
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Zoology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Zhejiang Wanli University; Zhejiang Wanli University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Zoology, CAS
  摘要：Ovarian development was traditionally recognized as a default sexual outcome and therefore received much less scientific attention than testis development. In turtles with temperature- dependent sex determination (TSD), how the female pathway is initiated to induce ovary development remains unknown. In this study, we have found that phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) and Foxl2 exhibit temperature- dependent sexually dimorphic patterns and tempo- ...
• Inhibition of colorectal cancer in Alzheimer's disease is mediated by gut microbiota via induction of inflammatory tolerance AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Nan; Zhang, Rui; Jiang, Lei; Gao, Zhaoyu; Xia, Wenzhen; Ma, Xiaoying; Qin, Yushi; Zhang, Di; Li, Jiazheng; Tian, Pei; Zhang, Qi; Wang, Wanchang; Zhang, Kaixia; Xu, Shan; Zhao, Na; Xu, Shunjiang
  作者单位：Hebei Medical University; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College
  摘要：Epidemiological studies have revealed an inverse relationship between the incidence We aimed to determine whether the incidence of CRC is reduced in AD- like mice and whether gut microbiota confers resistance to tumorigenesis through inducing inflammatory tolerance using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). AD- like mice experienced a significantly decreased incidence of CRC tumorigenesis induced by azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulfate as evidenced by su...
• Pharmacological inhibition of ENT1 enhances the impact of specific dietary fats on energy metabolism gene expression AI翻译
  作者：Pain, Erwann; Snowden, Stuart; Oddy, Joseph; Shinhmar, Sonia; Alhammad, Yousef M. A.; King, Jason S.; Mueller-Taubenberger, Annette; Williams, Robin S. B.
  作者单位：University of London; Royal Holloway University London; University of Geneva; University of Sheffield; University of Munich
  摘要：Medium chain fatty acids are commonly consumed as part of diets for endurance sports and as medical treatment in ketogenic diets where these diets regulate energy metabolism and increase adenosine levels. However, the role of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1), which is responsible for adenosine transport across membranes in this process, is not well understood. Here, we investigate ENT1 activity in controlling the effects of two dietary medium chain fatty acids (decanoic and oc...
• Microglia- mediated neuroimmune suppression in PTSD is associated with anhedonia AI翻译
  作者：Bonomi, Robin; Hillmer, Ansel T.; Woodcock, Eric; Bhatt, Shivani; Rusowicz, Aleksandra; Angarita, Gustavo A.; Carson, Richard E.; Davis, Margaret T.; Esterlis, Irina; Nabulsi, Nabeel; Huang, Yiyun; Krystal, John H.; Pietrzak, Robert H.; Cosgrove, Kelly P.
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Connecticut Healthcare System
  摘要：Dynamic brain immune function in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder is rarely studied, despite evidence of peripheral immune dysfunction. Positron emission tomography brain imaging using the radiotracer [11C]PBR28 was used to measure the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a microglial marker, at baseline and 3 h after administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent immune activator. Data were acquired in 15 individuals with PTSD and 15 age- matched controls. The PTSD group ex...
• Abortive and productive infection of CNS cell types following in vivo delivery of VSV AI翻译
  作者：Krause, Tyler B.; Cepko, Constance L.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  摘要：Viral infection is frequently assayed by ongoing expression of viral genes. These assays fail to identify cells that have been exposed to the virus but limit or inhibit viral replication. To address this limitation, we used a dual- labeling vesicular stomatitis virus (DL-VSV), which has a deletion of the viral glycoprotein gene, to allow evaluation of primary infection outcomes. This virus encodes Cre, which can stably mark any cell with even a minimal level of viral gene expression. Additiona...