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作者：Brodsky, Barbara; Persikov, Anton, V
作者单位：Tufts University; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute
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作者：Herron, Lukas; Mondal, Kinjal; Schneekloth, John S.; Tiwary, Pratyush
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI); University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Phase transitions are ubiquitous across life, yet hard to quantify and describe accurately. In this work, we develop an approach for characterizing generic attributes of phase transitions from very limited observations made deep within different phases' domains of stability. Our approach is called thermodynamic maps (TM), which combines statistical mechanics and molecular simulations with score-based generative models. TM enable learning the temperature dependence of arbitrary thermodynamic ob...
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作者：Moosmayer, Thea; Kiszka, Kamila A.; Westphal, Volker; Pape, Jasmin K.; Leutenegger, Marcel; Steffens, Heinz; Grant, Seth G. N.; Sahl, Steffen J.; Hell, Stefan W.
作者单位：University of Gottingen; University of Edinburgh; Max Planck Society
摘要：Optical imaging access to nanometer-level protein distributions in intact tissue is a highly sought- after goal, as it would provide visualization in physiologically relevant contexts. Under the unfavorable signal- to- background conditions of increased absorption and scattering of the excitation and fluorescence light in the complex tissue sample, superresolution fluorescence microscopy methods are severely challenged in attaining precise localization of molecules. We reasoned that the typica...
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作者：Wehbi, Sawsan; Wheeler, Andrew; Morel, Benoit; Manepalli, Nandini; Minh, Bui Quang; Lauretta, Dante S.; Masel, Joanna
作者单位：University of Arizona; Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies; University of Arizona; Australian National University; University of Arizona; University of Arizona
摘要：The current consensus order in which amino acids were added to the genetic code is based on potentially biased criteria, such as the absence of sulfur- containing amino acids from the Urey-Miller experiment which lacked sulfur. More broadly, abiotic abundance might not reflect biotic abundance in the organisms in which the genetic code evolved. Here, we instead identify which protein domains date to the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) and then infer the order of recruitment from deviatio...
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作者：Glaubitz, Alina; Fu, Feng
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Dartmouth College
摘要：In fighting infectious diseases posing a global health threat, ranging from influenza to Zika, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPI), such as social distancing and face covering, remain mitigation measures public health can resort to. However, the success of NPI lies in sufficiently high levels of collective compliance, otherwise giving rise to recurrent infections that are not only driven by pathogen evolution but also changing vigilance in the population. Here, we show that compliance with e...
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作者：Gopalakrishnan, Sarang; Mcculloch, Ewan; Vasseur, Romain
作者单位：Princeton University; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：Dirac fluids-interacting systems obeying particle-hole symmetry and Lorentz invariance-are among the simplest hydrodynamic systems; they have also been studied as effective descriptions of transport in strongly interacting Dirac semimetals. Direct experimental signatures of the Dirac fluid are elusive, as its charge transport is diffusive as in conventional metals. In this paper, we point out a striking consequence of fluctuating relativistic hydrodynamics: The full counting statistics (FCS) o...
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作者：Springmann, Marco
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of London; University College London
摘要：Reducing meat and dairy intake has been identified as a necessary strategy for mitigating the high environmental impacts food systems are currently having on climate change, biodiversity loss associated with land- use changes, and freshwater use. Having a choice of dedicated meat and milk replacements available to consumers can help in the transition toward more plant- based diets, but concerns about nutritional and health impacts and high costs can impede uptake. Here, we conduct a multicrite...
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作者：Brown, Timothy M.; O'Connor, Joseph; Genner, Martin J.
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of Leeds
摘要：Climate change has emerged as a key threat to biodiversity, leading to broad- scale shifts in distributions of marine and terrestrial species as they attempt to track thermally suitable habitat. By contrast, our understanding of climate responses of freshwater species is relatively undeveloped, limiting our knowledge of whether projected warming will lead to freshwater biodiversity loss. Here, we linked a multicontinental database of riverine fish population abundance time series collected fro...
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作者：Liu, Chong; Ge, Robbie; Chen, Jun; Guo, Hongmei; Bartholome, Tyler A.; Maiti, Debabrata; Ge, Haibo
作者单位：Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Bombay
摘要：Exploration of novel chiral pharmaceutical candidates is motivation to immersive efforts among synthetic chemists. Achieving skeletal construction and chiral diversity in a highly efficient manner is a momentous goal in the chemical society. Unfortunately, current methods for chiral induction focus primarily on a specific site. Herein, we realized the asymmetric chain- walking arylation of alkenyl alcohols for the construction of multisite tertiary and quaternary stereocenters in high yields a...
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作者：Jaffe, Alexander L.; Harrison, Kaitlin; Wang, Renee Z.; Taylor-Kearney, Leah J.; Jain, Navami; Prywes, Noam; Shih, Patrick M.; Young, Jodi; Rocapb, Gabrielle; Dekas, Anne E.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Joint BioEnergy Institute - JBEI; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
摘要：Cyanobacteria are highly abundant in the marine photic zone and primary drivers of the conversion of inorganic carbon into biomass. To date, all studied cyanobacterial lineages encode carbon fixation machinery relying upon form I Rubiscos within a CO2-concentrating carboxysome. Here, we report that the uncultivated anoxic marine zone (AMZ) IB lineage of Prochlorococcus from pelagic oxygen- deficient zones (ODZs) harbors both form I and form II Rubiscos, the latter of which are typically noncar...
