-
作者：Zhang, Xiaomei; Zhu, Tianyi; Li, Xuemei; Zhao, Hongxia; Lin, Shixian; Huang, Jun; Yang, Bing; Guo, Xing
作者单位：Zhejiang University
摘要：Upon DNA damage, numerous proteins are targeted for ubiquitin- dependent proteasomal degradation, which is an integral part of the DNA repair program. Although details of the ubiquitination processes have been intensively studied, little is known about whether and how the 26S proteasome is regulated in the DNA damage response (DDR). Here, we show that human Rpn10/PSMD4, one of the three ubiquitin receptors of the 26S proteasome, is rapidly phosphorylated in response to different types of DNA d...
-
作者：Bollinger, Kevin W.; Muh, Ute; Ocius, Karl L.; Apostolos, Alexis J.; Pires, Marcos M.; Helm, Richard F.; Popham, David L.; Weiss, David S.; Ellermeier, Craig D.
作者单位：University of Iowa; University of Virginia; Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; University of Iowa
摘要：Most bacteria are surrounded by a cell wall that contains peptidoglycan (PG), a large polymer composed of glycan strands held together by short peptide cross- links. There are two major types of cross- links, termed 4- 3 and 3- 3 based on the amino acids involved. 4- 3 cross- links are created by penicillin- binding proteins, while 3- 3 cross- links are created by L,D- transpeptidases (LDTs). Inmost bacteria, the predominant mode of cross- linking is 4- 3, and these cross- links are essential ...
-
作者：Cheng, Tan - Yun; Praveena, T.; Govindarajan, Srinath; Almeida, Catarina F.; Pellicci, Daniel G.; Arkins, Wellington C.; Van Rhijn, Ildiko; Venken, Koen; Elewaut, Dirk; Godfrey, Dale I.; Rossjohn, Jamie; Moody, D. Branch
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Monash University; Monash University; Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB); Ghent University; Ghent University; University of Melbourne; Peter Doherty Institute; Cardiff University
摘要：To broadly measure the spectrum of cellular self- antigens for natural killer T cells (NKT), we developed a sensitive lipidomics system to analyze lipids trapped between CD1d and NKT T cell receptors (TCRs). We captured diverse antigen complexes formed in cells from natural endogenous lipids, with or without inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. After separating protein complexes with no, low, or high CD1d-TCR interaction, we eluted lipids to establish the spectrum of self- lipids that f...
-
作者：Dileo, Michelle F.; Nair, Abhilash; Kardos, Marty; Husby, Arild; Saastamoinen, Marjo
作者单位：University of Helsinki; Ministry of Natural Resources & Forestry; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Uppsala University
摘要：Linking genetic diversity to extinction is a common goal in genomic studies. Recently, a debate has arisen regarding the importance of genetic variation in conservation as some studies have failed to find associations between genome- wide genetic diversity and extinction risk. However, only rarely are genetic diversity and fitness measured together in the wild, and typically demographic history and environment are ignored. It is therefore difficult to infer whether a lack of an association is ...
-
作者：Guan, Jingyu; Tang, Liyuan; Wang, Yongliang; Fu, Ming; Xia, Tian; Zheng, Kai; Sabi, Musa Makongoro; Cong, Hua; Wang, Juncheng; Zhou, Chunxue; Zhou, Huaiyu; Weiss, Louis M.; Qu, Hongnan; Han, Bing
作者单位：Shandong University; Shandong University; Yeshiva University
摘要：Microsporidia are intracellular eukaryotic pathogens that pose a substantial threat to immunocompromised hosts. The way these pathogens manipulate host cells during infection remains poorly understood. Using a proximity biotinylation strategy we established that microsporidian EnP1 is a nucleus-targeted effector that modifies the host cell environment. EnP1's translocation to the host nucleus is meditated by nuclear localization signals (NLSs). In the nucleus, EnP1 interacts with host histone ...
-
作者：Lang, Corey; Dong, Luran; Peach, Michelle
作者单位：University of Rhode Island; University of Rhode Island
-
作者：McInally, Shane G.; Reading, Alexander J. B.; Rosario, Aldric; Jelenkovic, Predrag R.; Goode, Bruce L.; Kondev, Jane
作者单位：Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Brandeis University; Brandeis University; Columbia University
摘要：Many cytoskeletal networks consist of individual filaments that are organized into elaborate higher- order structures. While it is appreciated that the size and architecture of these networks are critical for their biological functions, much of the work investigating control over their assembly has focused on mechanisms that regulate the turnover of individual filaments through size- dependent feedback. Here, we propose a very different, feedback- independent mechanism to explain how yeast cel...
-
作者：Qian, Daoyuan; Ausserwoger, Hannes; Sneideris, Tomas; Farag, Mina; V. Pappu, Rohit; Knowles, Tuomas P. J.
作者单位：University of Cambridge; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); University of Cambridge
摘要：Phase separation in aqueous solutions of macromolecules underlies the generation of biomolecular condensates in cells. Condensates are membraneless bodies, representing dense, macromolecule-rich phases that coexist with the dilute, macromolecule-deficient phases. In cells, condensates comprise hundreds of different macromolecular and small molecule solutes. How do different solutes contribute to the driving forces for phase separation? To answer this question, we introduce a formalism we term ...
-
作者：Bourdais, Theo; Batlle, Pau; Yang, Xianjin; Baptista, Ricardo; Rouquette, Nicolas; Owhadi, Houman
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology
摘要：Most problems within and beyond the scientific domain can be framed into one of the following three levels of complexity of function approximation. Type 1: Approximate an unknown function given input/output data. Type 2: Consider a collection of variables and functions, some of which are unknown, indexed by the nodes and hyperedges of a hypergraph (a generalized graph where edges can connect more than two vertices). Given partial observations of the variables of the hypergraph (satisfying the ...
-
作者：Hankins, Don L.
摘要：The climate crisis has exacerbated many ecological and cultural problems including wildfire and drought vulnerability, biodiversity declines, and social justice and equity. While there are many concepts of social and ecological resilience, the exemplar practices of Indigenous stewardship are recognized in having sustained Indigenous peoples and their countries for millennia and past climate change events. California has been at the crossroads of many of these issues, and the historic and curre...
