-
作者：Rycroft, Julian Anthony; Giorgio, Rachel Teresa; Sargen, Molly; Helaine, Sophie
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：The rise of antimicrobial failure is a global emergency, and causes beyond typical genetic resistance must be determined. One probable factor is the existence of sub- populations of transiently growth- arrested bacteria, persisters, that endure antibiotic treatment despite genetic susceptibility to the drug. The presence of persisters in infected hosts has been successfully established, notably through the development of fluorescent reporters. It is proposed that infection relapse is caused by...
-
作者：Shaw, Alisa E.; Mihelich, Mattias N.; Whitted, Jackson E.; Reitman, Hannah J.; Timmerman, Adam J.; Tehseen, Muhammad; Hamdan, Samir M.; Schauer, Grant D.
作者单位：Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology
摘要：Replication stress describes endogenous and exogenous challenges to DNA replication in the S- phase. Stress during this critical process causes helicase-polymerase decoupling at replication forks, triggering the S- phase checkpoint, which orchestrates global replication fork stalling and delayed entry into G2. The replication stressor most often used to induce the checkpoint response in yeast is hydroxyurea (HU), a clinically used chemotherapeutic. The primary mechanism of S- phase checkpoint ...
-
作者：Martin, Thomas G.; Hunt, Dakota R.; Langer, Stephen J.; Tan, Yuxiao; Ebmeier, Christopher C.; Leinwand, Leslie A.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：As ambush- hunting predators that consume large prey after long intervals of fasting, Burmese pythons evolved with unique adaptations for modulating organ structure and function. Among these is cardiac hypertrophy that develops within three days following a meal (Andersen et al., 2005, Secor, 2008), which we previously showed was initiated by circulating growth factors (Riquelme et al., 2011). Postprandial cardiac hypertrophy in pythons also rapidly regresses with subsequent fasting (Secor, 20...
-
作者：Sato, Yuki; Habara, Makoto; Hanaki, Shunsuke; Masaki, Takahiro; Tomiyasu, Haruki; Miki, Yosei; Sakurai, Masashi; Morimoto, Masahiro; Kobayashi, Daigo; Miyamoto, Tatsuo; Shimada, Midori
作者单位：Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi University; Nagoya University
摘要：The transcription factor E2F1 serves as a regulator of the cell cycle and promotes cell proliferation. It is highly expressed in cancer tissues and contributes to their malignant transformation. Degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system may help to prevent such overexpression of E2F1 and thereby to suppress carcinogenesis. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying E2F1 degradation may therefore inform the development of new cancer treatments. We here identified SCF FBXW7 as a ...
-
作者：Rains, Stephen A.; Richards, Adam S.
作者单位：University of Arizona
-
作者：Wang, Beijia; Najmudin, Shabir; Pan, Xiao-Su; Mykhaylyk, Vitaliy; Orr, Christian; Wagner, Armin; Govada, Lata; Chayen, Naomi E.; Fisher, L. Mark; Sanderson, Mark R.
作者单位：Imperial College London; City St Georges, University of London; Diamond Light Source
摘要：Metal ions have important roles in supporting the catalytic activity of DNA-regulating enzymes such as topoisomerases (topos). Bacterial type II topos, gyrases and topo IV, are primary drug targets for fluoroquinolones, a class of clinically relevant antibacterials requiring metal ions for efficient drug binding. While the presence of metal ions in topos has been elucidated in biochemical studies, accurate location and assignment of metal ions in structural studies have historically posed sign...
-
作者：Williams, Sarah C. P.
-
作者：Chiang, Michael; Hopkins, Austin; Loewe, Benjamin; Marchetti, M. Cristina; Marenduzzo, Davide
作者单位：University of Edinburgh; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：Spatiotemporal patterns in multicellular systems are important to understanding tissue dynamics, for instance, during embryonic development and disease. Here, we use a multiphase field model to study numerically the behavior of a near-confluent monolayer of deformable cells with intercellular friction. Varying friction and cell motility drives a solid-liquid transition, and near the transition boundary, we find the emergence of local nematic order of cell deformation driven by shear-aligning c...
-
作者：Claussen, Nikolas H.; Brauns, Fridtjof; Shraiman, Boris I.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：Convergent extension of epithelial tissue is a key motif of animal morphogenesis. On a coarse scale, cell motion resembles laminar fluid flow; yet in contrast to a fluid, epithelial cells adhere to each other and maintain the tissue layer under actively generated internal tension. To resolve this apparent paradox, we formulate a model in which tissue flow in the tension-dominated regime occurs through adiabatic remodeling of force balance in the network of adherens junctions. We propose that t...
-
作者：Zhang, Jing; Wei, Yuehan; Yue, Yangbo; Jiao, Huike; Wu, Yan; Fu, Wan; Lin, Keng - Mean; Lu, Christopher; Mou, Shan; Zhong, Qing
作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
摘要：One of the most critical axes for cell fate determination is how cells respond to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)-oxidative stress. Extensive lipid peroxidation commits cells to death via a distinct cell death paradigm termed ferroptosis. However, the molecular mechanism regulating cellular fates to distinct ROS remains incompletely understood. Through siRNA against human receptor- interacting protein kinase (RIPK) family members, we found that RIPK4 is crucial for oxidative stress and...
