2024

最新文章

• Deficiency of IL-22-binding protein enhances the ability of the gut microbiota to protect against enteric pathogens AI翻译
  作者：Fachi, Jose L.; Di Luccia, Blanda; Gilfillan, Susan; Chang, Hao- Wei; Song, Christina; Cheng, Jiye; Cella, Marina; Vinolo, Marco Aurelio; Gordon, Jeffrey I.; Colonna, Marco
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Stanford University; Amgen; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  摘要：Interleukin 22 (IL - 22) promotes intestinal barrier integrity, stimulating epithelial cells to enact defense mechanisms against enteric infections, including the production of antimicrobial peptides. IL - 22 binding protein (IL - 22BP) is a soluble decoy encoded by the Il22ra2 gene that decreases IL - 22 bioavailability, attenuating IL - 22 signaling. The impact of IL - 22BP on gut microbiota composition and functioning is poorly understood. We found that Il22ra2 -/- mice are better protected...
• Neuronal innervation regulates the secretion of neurotrophic myokines and exosomes from skeletal muscle AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Kai - Yu; Upadhyay, Gaurav; Ahn, Yujin; Sakakura, Masayoshoi; Pagan-Diaz, Gelson J.; Cho, Younghak; Weiss, Amanda C.; Huang, Chen; Mitchell, Jennifer W.; Li, Jiahui; Tan, Yanqi; Deng, Yu- Heng; Mohr, Austin Ellis-; Dou, Zhi; Zhang, Xiaotain; Kang, Sehong; Chen, Qian; Sweedler, Jonathan, V; Im, Sung Gap; Bashir, Rashid; Chung, Hee Jung; Popescu, Gabriel; Gillette, Martha U.; Gazzola, Mattia; Kong, Hyunjoon
  作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Korea University; Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST)
  摘要：Myokines and exosomes, originating from skeletal muscle, are shown to play a significant role in maintaining brain homeostasis. While exercise has been reported to promote muscle secretion, little is known about the effects of neuronal innervation and activity on the yield and molecular composition of biologically active molecules from muscle. As neuromuscular diseases and disabilities associated with denervation impact muscle metabolism, we hypothesize that neuronal innervation and firing may...
• Negative correlation between soil salinity and soil organic carbon variability AI翻译
  作者：Hassani, Amirhossein; Smith, Pete; Shokri, Nima
  作者单位：NILU; University of Aberdeen; Hamburg University of Technology
  摘要：Soil organic carbon (SOC) is vital for terrestrial ecosystems, affecting biogeochemical processes, and soil health. It is known that soil salinity impacts SOC content, yet the specific direction and magnitude of SOC variability in relation to soil salinity remain poorly understood. Analyzing 43,459 mineral soil samples (SOC < 150 g kg(-1)) collected across different land covers since 1992, we approximate a soil salinity increase from 1 to 5 dS m(-1) in croplands would be associated with a decl...
• Changes in well- being among socially isolated older people during the COVID-19 pandemic: An outcome- wide analysis AI翻译
  作者：Kung, Claryn S. J.; Steptoe, Andrew
  作者单位：University of London; University College London
  摘要：Older adults experienced major changes during the COVID - 19 pandemic and ensuing restrictions, and it might be expected that those who were already socially isolated before the pandemic were particularly vulnerable. We apply an outcome - wide longitudinal design on 4,636 participants (mean age 66.8 y) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, observed in 2018/19 and early (June/July 2020) and later (November/ December 2020) in the pandemic. Social isolation is defined using an index incl...
• The germ theory revisited: A noncentric view on infection outcome AI翻译
  作者：Carlsson, Fredric; Raberg, Lars
  作者单位：Lund University
  摘要：The germ theory states that pathogenic microorganisms are responsible for causing infectious diseases. The theory is inherently microbe- centric and does not account for variability in disease severity among individuals and asymptomatic carriership-two phenomena indicating an important role for host variability in infection outcome. The basic tenet of the germ theory was recently challenged, and a radically host- centric paradigm referred to as the full- blown host theory was proposed. Accordi...
• Live- attenuated virus vaccine defective in RNAi suppression induces rapid protection in neonatal and adult mice lacking mature B and T cells AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Gang; Han, Qingxia; Li, Wan - Xiang; Hai, Rong; Ding, Shou- Wei; Palese, Peter
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Riverside
  摘要：Global control of infectious diseases depends on the continuous development and deployment of diverse vaccination strategies. Currently available live - attenuated and killed virus vaccines typically take a week or longer to activate specific protection by the adaptive immunity. The mosquito - transmitted Nodamura virus (NoV) is attenuated in mice by mutations that prevent expression of the B2 viral suppressor of RNA interference (VSR) and consequently, drastically enhance in vivo production o...
• CNS autoimmune response in the MAM/pilocarpine rat model of epileptogenic cortical malformation AI翻译
  作者：Costanza, Massimo; Ciotti, Arianna; Consonni, Alessandra; Cipelletti, Barbara; Cattalini, Alessandro; Cagnoli, Cinzia; Baggi, Fulvio; de Curtis, Marco; Colciaghi, Francesca
  摘要：The development of seizures in epilepsy syndromes associated with malformations of cortical development (MCDs) has traditionally been attributed to intrinsic cortical alterations resulting from abnormal network excitability. However, recent analyses at single - cell resolution of human brain samples from MCD patients have indicated the possible involvement of adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of these disorders. By exploiting the MethylAzoxyMethanol (MAM)/pilocarpine (MP) rat model of drug...
• Contribution of microscopy to a better understanding of the anatomy of pathogenic protists AI翻译
  作者：de Souza, Wanderley
  作者单位：Universidade do Estado do Amazonas
  摘要：In this Inaugural Article the author briefly revises its scientific career and how he starts to work with parasitic protozoa. Emphasis is given to his contribution to topics such as a) the structural organization of the surface of protozoa using freeze - fracture and deep - etching; b) the cytoskeleton of protozoa, especially structures such as the subpellicular microtubules of trypanosomatids, the conoid of Toxoplasma gondii , microtubules and inner membrane complex of this protozoan, and the...
• Impacts of fire and prospects for recovery in a tropical peat forest ecosystem AI翻译
  作者：Harrison, Mark E.; Deere, Nicolas J.; Imron, Muhammad Ali; Nasir, Darmae; Adul; Asti, Hastin Ambar; Soler, Joana Aragay; Boyd, Nicholas C.; Cheyne, Susan M.; Collins, Sarah A.; D'Arcy, Laura J.; Erb, Wendy M.; Green, Hannah; Healy, William; Hendri; Holly, Brendan; Houlihan, Peter R.; Husson, Simon J.; Iwan; Jeffers, Karen A.; Kulu, Ici P.; Kusin, Kitso; Marchant, Nicholas C.; Morrogh-Bernard, Helen C.; Page, Susan E.; Purwanto, Ari; Capilla, Bernat Ripoll; Ortega, Oscar Rodriguez de Rivera; Santiano; Spencer, Katie L.; Sugardjito, Jito; Supriatna, Jatna; Thornton, Sara A.; van Veen, F. J. Frank; Yulintine; Struebig, Matthew J.
  作者单位：University of Exeter; University of Leicester; University of Kent; Gadjah Mada University; Universitas Palangka Raya (UPR); University of Oxford; Aberystwyth University; Oxford Brookes University; University of Plymouth; Cornell University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Exeter; Universitas Nasional Pionir Perubahan; Universitas Nasional Pionir Perubahan; University of Indonesia; University of Exeter
  摘要：Uncontrolled fires place considerable burdens on forest ecosystems, compromising our ability to meet conservation and restoration goals. A poor understanding of the impacts of fire on ecosystems and their biodiversity exacerbates this challenge, particularly in tropical regions where few studies have applied consistent analytical techniques to examine a broad range of ecological impacts over multiyear time frames. We compiled 16 y of data on ecosystem properties (17 variables) and biodiversity...
• Threonine phosphorylation of STAT1 restricts interferon signaling and promotes innate inflammatory responses AI翻译
  作者：Metwally, Hozaifa; Elbrashy, Maha M.; Ozawa, Tatsuhiko; Okuyama, Kazuki; White, Jason T.; Tulyeu, Janyerkye; Sondergaard, Jonas Norskov; Wing, James Badger; Muratsu, Arisa; Matsumoto, Hisatake; Ikawa, Masahito; Kishi, Hiroyuki; Taniuchi, Ichiro; Kishimoto, Tadamitsu
  作者单位：University of Osaka; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); National Research Centre (NRC); University of Toyama; RIKEN; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka
  摘要：Since its discovery over three decades ago, signal transducer and activator of scription 1 (STAT1) has been extensively studied as a central mediator for interferons (IFNs) signaling and antiviral defense. Here, using genetic and biochemical assays, we unveil Thr 748 as a conserved IFN - independent phosphorylation switch in Stat1, which restricts IFN signaling and promotes innate inflammatory responses following the recognition of the bacterial - derived toxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Geneti...