2024

最新文章

• Local strain inhomogeneities during electrical triggering of a metal-insulator transition revealed by X- ray microscopy AI翻译
  作者：Salev, Pavel; Kisiel, Elliot; Sasaki, Dayne; Gunn, Brandon; He, Wei; Feng, Mingzhen; Li, Junjie; Tamura, Nobumichi; Poudyal, Ishwor; Islam, Zahirul; Takamura, Yayoi; Frano, Alex; Schuller, Ivan K.
  作者单位：University of Denver; University of California System; University of California San Diego; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; University of California System; University of California Davis; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  摘要：Electrical triggering of a metal-insulator transition (MIT) often results in the formation of characteristic spatial patterns such as a metallic filament percolating through an insulating matrix or an insulating barrier splitting a conducting matrix. When MIT triggering is driven by electrothermal effects, the temperature of the filament or barrier can be substantially higher than the rest of the material. Using X- ray microdiffraction and dark- field X- ray microscopy, we show that electrothe...
• AlphaFold2-based prediction of the co- condensation propensity of proteins AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Shengyu; Lim, Christine M.; Occhetta, Martina; Vendruscolo, Michele
  作者单位：University of Cambridge
  摘要：by Germany; The process of protein phase separation into liquid condensates has been implicated in the formation of membraneless organelles (MLOs), which selectively concentrate biomolecules to perform essential cellular functions. Although the importance of this process in health and disease is increasingly recognized, the experimental identification of proteins forming MLOs remains a complex challenge. In this study, we addressed this problem by harnessing the power of AlphaFold2 to perform ...
• Development of a highly sensitive platform for protein-protein interaction detection and regulation of T cell function AI翻译
  作者：Hayashi, Hideki; Mak, Tak Wah; Tanaka, Yoshimasa; Kubo, Yoshinao; Izumida, Mai; Urae, Ryuji; Matsuyama, Toshifumi
  作者单位：Nagasaki University; Nagasaki University; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Hong Kong; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki University
  摘要：We developed a highly sensitive assay for detecting protein-protein interaction using chimeric receptors comprising two molecules of interest in the extracellular domain edly more sensitive than the NanoBiT system, currently considered one of the best detection systems for protein interaction. Employing chimeric receptors with extracellular domains from the IFN gamma or IL- 2 receptor and the intracellular domains of IFNAR1/2, the IFNARRS system effectively identifies low IFN gamma or IL- 2 le...
• Understanding the relationship between intergenerational mobility and community violence AI翻译
  作者：Mann, Olivia; Edin, Kathryn J.; Shaefer, H. Luke
  作者单位：Princeton University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：Violence is a key mechanism in the reproduction of community disadvantage. The existing evidence indicates that violence in a community impacts the intergenerational mobility of its residents. The current study explores the possibility of a reverse relationship. This study provisionally tests the hypothesis that depressed intergenerational mobility in a community may also spark subsequent community violence. We deploy a county measure of intergenerational mobility captured during early adultho...
• The consequences of AI training on human decision-making AI翻译
  作者：Treiman, Lauren S.; Ho, Chien-Ju; Kool, Wouter
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：AI is now an integral part of everyday decision-making, assisting us in both routine and training data is unbiased. However, we report five studies that show that people change their behavior to instill desired routines into AI, indicating this assumption is invalid. To show this behavioral shift, we recruited participants to play the ultimatum game, where they were asked to decide whether to accept proposals of monetary splits made by either other human participants or AI. Some participants w...
• Anaplasma phagocytophilum effector EgeA facilitates infection by hijacking TANGO1 and SCFD1 from ER-Golgi exit sites to pathogen- occupied inclusions AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Lidan; Lin, Mingqun; Hou, Libo; Rikihisa, Yasuko
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
  摘要：The obligatory intracellular bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis, an emerging zoonosis. Anaplasma has limited biosynthetic and metabolic capacities, yet it effectively replicates inside of inclusions/vacuoles of eukaryotic host cells. Here, we describe a unique Type IV secretion system (TOSS) effector, ER-Golgi exit site protein of Anaplasma (EgeA). In cells infected byAnaplasma, secreted native EgeA, EgeA-GFP, and the C- terminal half of EgeA (EgeA-C)-GF...
• A therapeutic small molecule enhances γ- oscillations and improves cognition/memory in Alzheimer's disease model mice AI翻译
  作者：Wei, Xiaofei; Campagna, Jesus J.; Jagodzinska, Barbara; Wi, Dongwook; Cohn, Whitaker; Lee, Jessica T.; Zhu, Chunni; Huang, Christine S.; Molnar, Laszlo; Houser, Carolyn R.; John, Varghese; Mody, Istvan
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
  摘要：Brain rhythms provide the timing for recruitment of brain activity required for linking together neuronal ensembles engaged in specific tasks. The gamma-oscillations (30 to 120 Hz) orchestrate neuronal circuits underlying cognitive processes and working memory. These oscillations are reduced in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, including early cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we report on a potent brain- permeable small molecule, DDL-920 that increases gamma-...
• Heterogeneity in effect size estimates AI翻译
  作者：Holzmeister, Felix; Johannesson, Magnus; Boehm, Robert; Dreber, Anna; Huber, Juergen; Kirchler, Michael
  作者单位：University of Innsbruck; Stockholm School of Economics; University of Vienna; University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; University of Innsbruck
  摘要：A typical empirical study involves choosing a sample, a research design, and an analysis path. Variation in such choices across studies leads to heterogeneity in results that introduce an additional layer of uncertainty, limiting the generalizability of published scientific findings. We provide a framework for studying heterogeneity in the social sciences and divide heterogeneity into population, design, and analytical heterogeneity. Our framework suggests that after accounting for heterogenei...
• GABAA receptor subunit composition regulates circadian rhythms in rest-wake and synchrony among cells in the suprachiasmatic nucleus AI翻译
  作者：Granados-Fuentes, Daniel; Lambert, Peter; Simon, Tatiana; Mennerick, Steven; Herzog, Erik D.
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：The mammalian circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) produces robust daily rhythms including rest-wake. SCN neurons synthesize and respond to gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA), but its role remains unresolved. We tested the hypothesis that gamma 2- and delta- subunits of the GABAA receptor in the SCN differ in their regulation of synchrony among circadian cells. We used two approaches: 1) shRNA to knock- down (KD) the expression of either gamma 2 or delta subunits in the SC...
• An ankyrin G-binding motif mediates TRAAK periodic localization at axon initial segments of hippocampal pyramidal neurons AI翻译
  作者：Luque-Fernandez, Virginia; Vanspauwen, Sam K.; Landra-Willm, Arnaud; Arvedsen, Emil; Besquent, Mailys; Sandoz, Guillaume; Rasmussen, Hanne B.
  作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Universite Cote d'Azur; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); CHU Nice; Universite Cote d'Azur
  摘要：The axon initial segment (AIS) is a critical compartment in neurons. It converts post- synaptic input into action potentials that subsequently trigger information transfer to target neurons. This process relies on the presence of several voltage- gated sodium (NaV) and potassium (KV) channels that accumulate in high densities at the AIS. TRAAK is a mechanosensitive leak potassium channel that was recently localized to the nodes of Ranvier. Here, we uncover that TRAAK is also present in AISs of...