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作者：Keroack, Caroline D.; Elsworth, Brendan; Tennessen, Jacob A.; Paul, Aditya S.; Hua, Renee; Ramirez-Ramirez, Luz; Ye, Sida; Moreira, Cristina K.; Meyers, Marvin J.; Zarringhalam, Kourosh; Duraisingh, Manoj T.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston; Washington University (WUSTL); Saint Louis University; Brown University; US Food & Drug Administration (FDA)
摘要：Babesiosis is an emerging zoonosis and widely distributed veterinary infection caused by 100+ species of Babesia parasites. The diversity of Babesia parasites and the lack of specific drugs necessitate the discovery of broadly effective antibabesials. Here, we describe a comparative chemogenomics (CCG) pipeline for the identification of conserved targets. CCG relies on parallel in vitro evolution of resistance in independent populations of Babesia spp. (B. bovis and B. divergens). We identifie...
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作者：Lellep, Martin; Linkmann, Moritz; Morozov, Alexander
作者单位：University of Edinburgh; University of Edinburgh; Heriot Watt University; University of Edinburgh
摘要：Solutions of long, flexible polymer molecules are complex fluids that simultaneously exhibit fluid-like and solid-like behavior. When subjected to an external flow, dilute polymer solutions exhibit elastic turbulence-a unique, chaotic flow state absent in Newtonian fluids, like water. Unlike its Newtonian counterpart, elastic turbulence is caused by polymer molecules stretching and aligning in the flow, and can occur at vanishing inertia. While experimental realizations of elastic turbulence a...
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作者：Grob, Robin; Mueller, Valentin L.; Gruebel, Kornelia; Roessler, Wolfgang; Fleischmann, Pauline N.
作者单位：Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); University of Wurzburg; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg
摘要：Many animal species rely on the Earth's magnetic field during navigation, but where in the brain magnetic information is processed is still unknown. To unravel this, we manipulated the natural magnetic field at the nest entrance of Cataglyphis desert ants and investigated how this affects relevant brain regions during early compass calibration. We found that manipulating the Earth's magnetic field has profound effects on neuronal plasticity in two sensory integration centers. Magnetic field ma...
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作者：Hosseinmardi, Homa; Ghasemian, Amir; Rivera-Lanas, Miguel; Ribeiro, Manoel Horta; West, Robert; Bail, Christopher A.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; Carnegie Mellon University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：the effects of the algorithm from a user's intentions. Here we propose a method that we call counterfactual bots to causally estimate the role of algorithmic recommendations on the consumption of highly partisan content on YouTube. By comparing bots that replicate real users' consumption patterns with counterfactual bots that follow rule-based trajectories, we show that, on average, relying exclusively on the YouTube recommender results in less partisan consumption, where the effect is most pr...
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作者：Cheng, Yanyan; Lawrence, David M.; Pan, Ming; Zhang, Baoqing; Graham, Neal T.; Lawrence, Peter J.; Liu, Zhongfang; He, Xiaogang
作者单位：National University of Singapore; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Lanzhou University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Tongji University; National University of Singapore
摘要：Limiting global warming to 2 degrees C requires urgent action on land - based mitigation. This study evaluates the biogeochemical and biogeophysical implications of two alternative land - based mitigation scenarios that aim to achieve the same radiative forcing. One scenario is primarily driven by bioenergy expansion (SSP226Lu- BIOCROP), while the other involves re/afforestation (SSP126Lu- REFOREST). We find that overall, SSP126Lu- REFOREST is a more efficient strategy for removing CO2 from th...
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作者：Hargett, Audra A.; Azurmendi, Hugo F.; Crawford, Conor J.; Wear, Maggie P.; Oscarson, Stefan; Casadevall, Arturo; Freedberg, Daron I.
作者单位：US Food & Drug Administration (FDA); Center for Biologics Evaluation & Research (CBER); Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; University College Dublin; Max Planck Society
摘要：Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen responsible for cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningitis. The C. neoformans' capsular polysaccharide and its shed exopolysaccharide function both as key virulence factors and to protect the fungal cell from phagocytosis. Currently, a glycoconjugate of these polysaccharides is being explored as a vaccine to protect against C. neoformans infection. In this study, NOE andJ-coupling values from NMR experiments were consistent with a converged structur...
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作者：Li, Shi-Yang; Hammarlund, Jan A.; Wu, Gang; Lian, Jia-Wen; Howell, Sacha J.; Clarke, Robert B.; Adamson, Antony D.; Goncalves, Catia F.; Hogenesch, John B.; Anafi, Ron C.; Meng, Qing-Jun
作者单位：University of Manchester; Drexel University; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; University of Manchester; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Studies in shift workers and model organisms link circadian disruption to breast cancer. However, molecular circadian rhythms in noncancerous and cancerous human breast tissues and their clinical relevance are largely unknown. We reconstructed rhythms informatically, integrating locally collected, time- stamped biopsies with public datasets. For noncancerous breast tissue, inflammatory, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and estrogen responsiveness pathways show circadian modulation. Amo...
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作者：Mann, Michael E.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
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作者：Roentgen, Alexander; Toprakcioglu, Zenon; Tomkins, James E.; Vendruscolo, Michele
作者单位：University of Cambridge
摘要：The misfolding and aggregation of alpha- synuclein is linked to a family of neurodegenerative disorders known as synucleinopathies, the most prominent of which is Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding the aggregation process of alpha- synuclein from a mechanistic point of view is thus of key importance. SNCA, the gene encoding alpha- synuclein, comprises six exons and produces various isoforms through alternative splicing. The most abundant isoform is expressed as a 140 - amino acid protein ...
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作者：Cunez, Fernando David; Patel, Div; Glade, Rachel C.
作者单位：University of Rochester; University of Rochester
摘要：Industrial and environmental granular flows commonly exhibit a phenomenon known as granular segregation, in which grains separate according to physical characteristics (size, shape, density), interfering with industrial applications (cement mixing, medicine, and food production) and fundamentally altering the behavior of geophysical flows (landslides, debris flows, pyroclastic flows, riverbeds). While size-induced segregation has been well studied, the role of grain shape has not. Here we cond...
