2024

最新文章

• Molecular-level design of alternative media for energy-saving pilot-scale fibrillation of nanocellulose AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Shih - Hsien; Rukmani, Shalini J.; Mohan, Mood; Yu, Yan; Vural, Derya; Johnson, Donna A.; Copenhaver, Katie; Bhagia, Samarthya; Lamm, Meghan E.; Li, Kai; Chen, Jihua; Goswami, Monojoy; Smith, Micholas Dean; Petridis, Loukas; Ozcan, Soydan; Smith, Jeremy C.
  作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Marmara University; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory
  摘要：The outstanding mechanical properties, light weight, and biodegradability of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) make them promising components of renewable and sustainable next-generation reinforced composite biomaterials and bioplastics. Manufacturing CNFs at a pilot scale requires disc-refining fibrillation of dilute cellulose fibers in aqueous pulp suspensions to shear the fibers apart into their nanodimensional forms, which is, however, an energy-intensive process. Here, we used atomistic molecu...
• Decoding the molecular mechanism of selective autophagy of glycogen mediated by autophagy receptor STBD1 AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Yuchao; Sun, Yishan; Shi, Jungang; Xu, Peng; Wang, Yingli; Liu, Jianping; Gong, Xinyu; Wang, Yaru; Tang, Yubin; Liu, Haobo; Zhou, Xindi; Lin, Zhiqiao; Baba, Otto; Morita, Tsuyoshi; Yu, Biao; Pan, Lifeng
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; ShanghaiTech University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Tokushima University
  摘要：Autophagy of glycogen (glycophagy) is crucial for the maintenance of cellular glucose homeostasis and physiology in mammals. STBD1 can serve as an autophagy receptor to mediate glycophagy by specifically recognizing glycogen and relevant key autophagic factors, but with poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we systematically characterize the interactions of STBD1 with glycogen and related saccharides, and determine the crystal structure of the STBD1 CBM20 domain with maltotetraose, uncovering a ...
• David Penny-An indomitable evolutionary biologist AI翻译
  作者：Charleston, Michael A.
  作者单位：University of Tasmania
• Language models align with human judgments on key grammatical constructions AI翻译
  作者：Hu, Jennifer; Mahowald, Kyle; Lupyan, Gary; Ivanova, Anna; Levy, Roger
  作者单位：Harvard University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
• Embryonic exposure to environmental factors drives transmitter switching in the neonatal mouse cortex causing autistic- like adult behavior AI翻译
  作者：Godavarthi, Swetha K.; Li, Hui-quan; Pratelli, Marta; Spitzer, Nicholas C.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be caused by environmental factors. These factors act early in the development of the nervous system and induce stereotyped repetitive behaviors and diminished social interactions, among other outcomes. Little is known about how these behaviors are produced. In pregnant women, delivery of valproic acid (VPA) (to control seizure activity or stabilize mood) or immune activation by a virus increases the incidence of ASD in offspring. We found that either VPA or...
• Climate change is drying out canopy plants-that could mean less water for the entire rainforest AI翻译
  作者：McDermott, Amy
• Schlank orchestrates insect developmental transition by switching H3K27 acetylation to trimethylation in the prothoracic gland AI翻译
  作者：Yuan, Dongqin; Zhang, Xing; Yang, Yan; Wei, Ling; Li, Hao; Zhao, Tujing; Guo, Mengge; Li, Zheng; Huang, Zhu; Wang, Min; Dai, Zongcai; Li, Peixin; Xia, Qingyou; Qian, Wenliang; Cheng, Daojun
  作者单位：Southwest University - China; Southwest University - China; Southwest University - China
  摘要：Insect developmental transitions are precisely coordinated by ecdysone and juvenile hormone (JH). We previously revealed that accumulated H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) at the locus encoding JH signal transducer Hairy is involved in the larval- pupal transition in insects, but the underlying mechanism remains to be fully defined. Here, we show in Drosophila and Bombyx that Rpd3- mediated H3K27 deacetylation in the prothoracic gland during the last larval instar promotes ecdysone biosynthesis ...
• Polyomavirus ALTOs, but not MTs, downregulate viral early gene expression by activating the NF-κB pathway AI翻译
  作者：Salisbury, Nicholas J. H.; Amonkar, Supriya; Vinueza, Joselyn Landazuri; Carter, Joseph J.; Roman, Ann; Galloway, Denise A.
  作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：Polyomaviruses are small, circular dsDNA viruses that can cause cancer. Alternative splicing of polyomavirus early transcripts generates large and small tumor antigens (LT, ST) that play essential roles in viral replication and tumorigenesis. Some polyomaviruses also express middle tumor antigens (MTs) or alternate LT open reading frames (ALTOs), which are evolutionarily related but have distinct gene structures. MTs are a splice variant of the early transcript whereas ALTOs are overprinted on...
• Uncovering underlying physical principles and driving forces of cell differentiation and reprogramming from single-cell transcriptomics AI翻译
  作者：Zhu, Ligang; Yang, Songlin; Zhang, Kun; Wang, Hong; Fang, Xiaona; Wang, Jin
  作者单位：Jilin University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS; Northeast Normal University - China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
  摘要：Recent advances in single-cell sequencing technology have revolutionized our ability to acquire whole transcriptome data. However, uncovering the underlying transcriptional drivers and nonequilibrium driving forces of cell function directly from these data remains challenging. We address this by learning cell state vector fields from discrete single-cell RNA velocity to quantify the single-cell global nonequilibrium driving forces as landscape and flux. From single-cell data, we quantified the...
• Climate change and California's terrestrial biodiversity AI翻译
  作者：Harrison, Susan; Franklin, Janet; Hernandez, Rebecca R.; Ikegami, Makihiko; Safford, Hugh D.; Thorne, James H.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; California State University System; San Diego State University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; National Institute for Environmental Studies - Japan
  摘要：In this review and synthesis, we argue that California is an important test case for the nation and world because terrestrial biodiversity is very high, present and anticipated threats to biodiversity from climate change and other interacting stressors are severe, and innovative approaches to protecting biodiversity in the context of climate change are being developed and tested. We first review salient dimensions of California's terrestrial physical, biological, and human diversity. Next, we ...