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作者：Hackenburg, Kobi; Margetts, Helen
作者单位：University of Oxford
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作者：Scott, ZubenelgenubiC.; Steen, Samuel B.; Huber, Greg; Westrate, Laura M.; Koslover, Elena F.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Calvin University; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI)
摘要：The peripheral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms a dense, interconnected, and constantly evolving network of membrane-bound tubules in eukaryotic cells. While individual structural elements and the morphogens that stabilize them have been described, a quantitative understanding of the dynamic large-scale network topology remains elusive. We develop a physical model of the ER as an active liquid network, governed by a balance of tension-driven shrinking and new tubule growth. This minimalist mod...
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作者：Yu, Yulin; Romero, Daniel M.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Scientific datasets play a crucial role in contemporary data-driven research, as they allow for the progress of science by facilitating the discovery of new patterns and phenomena. This mounting demand for empirical research raises important questions on how strategic data utilization in research projects can stimulate scientific advancement. In this study, we examine the hypothesis inspired by the recombination theory, which suggests that innovative combinations of existing knowledge, includi...
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作者：Liu, Zhidong; Ypsilanti, Athena R.; Papadimitriou, Eirene Markenscoff-; Dickel, Diane E.; Sanders, Stephan J.; Dong, Shan; Pennacchio, Len A.; Visel, Axel; Rubenstein, John L.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Cornell University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of Oxford; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Joint Genome Institute - JGI; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Merced
摘要：There is evidence that transcription factor (TF) encoding genes, which temporally control development in multiple cell types, can have tens of enhancers that regulate their expression. The NR2F1 TF developmentally promotes caudal and ventral cortical regional fates. Here, we epigenomically compared the activity of Nr2f1's enhancers during mouse cortical development with their activity in a transgenic assay. We identified at least six that are likely to be important in prenatal cortical develop...
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作者：Schwartz, Alexandra C.; Stein, Richard A.; Gil-Iturbe, Eva; Quick, Matthias; Mchaourab, Hassane S.
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
摘要：Neurotransmitter:sodium symporters (NSSs) play critical roles in neural signaling by regulating neurotransmitter uptake into cells powered by sodium electrochemical gradients. Bacterial NSSs orthologs, including MhsT from Bacillus halodurans, have emerged as model systems to understand the structural motifs of alternating access in NSSs and the extent of conservation of these motifs across the family. Here, we apply a computational/experimental methodology to illuminate the conformational land...
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作者：Hassan, Marwan A.; Parker, Gary; Hassan, Yarra; An, Chenge; Fu, Xudong; Venditti, Jeremy G.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; China Institute of Water Resources & Hydropower Research; Tsinghua University; Simon Fraser University
摘要：In rivers, the addition of finer sediment to a coarser riverbed is known to increase the mobility of the coarser fraction. Two mechanisms have been suggested for this: a geometric mechanism whereby smaller sizes smooth the bed, increasing near- bed velocity and thus mobility of the larger sizes, and a viscous mechanism whereby a transitionally smooth turbulent boundary layer forms, rendering the coarser grains more mobile. Here, we report on experiments using two sediment mixtures to better un...
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作者：Kassirer, Samantha; Jami, Ata; Kouchaki, Maryam
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; University of Toronto
摘要：Over the past decade, there has been a shift in the way charities deliver humanitarian aid. asset transfers. Recently, alternatives to in- kind aid, such as cash aid, have been increasing in prevalence. Although there has been widespread endorsement from the academic community and the public on the popularizing model of giving cash aid, one perspective remains untouched: the recipient's perspective. Thus, the present research explores how food- insecure individuals feel when receiving money vs...
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作者：Garvey, Susanne
作者单位：Carnegie Institution for Science
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作者：Davis, Christina L.; Li, Jialu; Miyano, Sayumi
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：States have long used economic sanctions in response to violations of international law as a strategy to restore order. Increasingly, firms also reject doing business with violators. In response to the war in Ukraine, hundreds of multinational corporations voluntarily withdrew from Russia, even when policymakers were still debating the extent of sanctions. How did firm managers evaluate whether to withdraw from the Russian market? Using a survey experiment with Japanese firm managers conducted...
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作者：de la Malla, Cristina; Poletti, Martina
作者单位：University of Barcelona; University of Rochester; University of Rochester; University of Rochester
摘要：Humans explore visual scenes by alternating short fixations with saccades directing the fovea to points of interest. During fixation, the visual system not only examines the foveal stimulus at high resolution, but it also processes the extrafoveal input to plan the next saccade. Although foveal analysis and peripheral selection occur in parallel, little is known about the temporal dynamics of foveal and peripheral processing upon saccade landing, during fixation. Here we investigate whether th...
