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作者：Ma, Si; Lam, Yintung; Shi, Le; Yang, Jian; Wang, Kun; Yu, Bo; Kan, Chiwai; Fei, Bin; Xin, John H.; Ma, Kaikai; Stoddart, J. Fraser; Chen, Zhijie
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; University of Hong Kong; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：In order to reduce the risk of high-threat pathogens, a photocatalytic antibacterial method with a reputation for high efficiency and sustainability has attracted widespread attention. Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as desirable platforms for photocatalytic applications by virtue of their structural diversity and functional adjustability. Herein, we report that we have synthesized a stable and photosensitive zirconium-based MOF (Zr-MOF) with a photoactive tetrathienylet...
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作者：Zhang, Fang; Qi, Linlin; Feng, Qiuyun; Zhang, Baokai; Li, Xiangyue; Liu, Chang; Li, Weiyun; Liu, Qiaojie; Yang, Dan; Yin, Yue; Peng, Chao; Wu, Han; Tang, Zhao-Hui; Zhou, Xi; Xiang, Zou; Zhang, Zhijiang; Wang, Hongyan; Wei, Bin
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作者：Bonthrone, Alexandra F.; Cromb, Daniel; Chew, Andrew; Gal-Er, Barat; Kelly, Christopher; Falconer, Shona; Arichi, Tomoki; Pushparajah, Kuberan; Simpson, John; Rutherford, Mary A.; Hajnal, Joseph, V; Nosarti, Chiara; Edwards, A. David; O'Muircheartaigh, Jonathan; Counsell, Serena J.
作者单位：University of London; King's College London; University of London; King's College London; University of London; King's College London; University of London; King's College London; University of London; King's College London
摘要：Theoretically derived scaling laws capture the nonlinear relationships between rapidly expanding brain volume and cortical gyrification across mammalian species and in adult humans. However, the preservation of these laws has not been comprehensively assessed in typical or pathological brain development. Here, we assessed the scaling laws governing cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA), and cortical folding in the neonatal brain. We also assessed multivariate morphological terms that capt...
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作者：Gerasimov, Evgeny S.; Afonin, Dmitry A.; Skodova-Sverakova, Ingrid; Saura, Andreu; Trusina, Natalia; Gahura, Ondrej; Zakharova, Alexandra; Butenko, Anzhelika; Barath, Peter; Horvath, Anton; Opperdoes, Fred R.; Perez-Morga, David; Zimmer, Sara L.; Lukes, Julius; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav
作者单位：Lomonosov Moscow State University; University of Ostrava; Comenius University Bratislava; Czech Academy of Sciences; Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Institute of Chemistry, SAS; Universite Catholique Louvain; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Duluth; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University
摘要：The trypanosomatid flagellates possess in their single mitochondrion a highly complex kinetoplast (k)DNA, which is composed of interlocked circular molecules of two types. Dozens of maxicircles represent a classical mitochondrial genome, and thousands of mini-circles encode guide (g)RNAs, which direct the processive and essential uridine insertion/ deletion messenger RNA (mRNA) editing of maxicircle transcripts. While the details of kDNA structure and this type of RNA editing are well establis...
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作者：He, Ling; Azizad, Daria; Bhat, Kruttika; Ioannidis, Angeliki; Hoffmann, Carter J.; Arambula, Evelyn; Eghbali, Mansoureh; Bhaduri, Aparna; Kornblum, Harley I.; Pajonk, Frank
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作者：Itao, Kenji; Kaneko, Kunihiko
作者单位：RIKEN; University of Copenhagen; Niels Bohr Institute
摘要：Social institutions are systems of shared norms and rules that regulate people's behaviors, often emerging without external enforcement. They provide criteria to distinguish cooperation from defection and establish rules to sustain cooperation, shaped through long-term trial and error. While principles for successful institutions have been proposed, the mechanisms underlying their emergence remain poorly understood. To address this, we introduce the evolutionary dynamical-systems game theory t...
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作者：Bombari, Simone; Mondelli, Marco
作者单位：Institute of Science & Technology - Austria
摘要：Differentially private gradient descent (DP-GD) is a popular algorithm to train deep learning models with provable guarantees on the privacy of the training data. In the last decade, the problem of understanding its performance cost with respect to standard GD has received remarkable attention from the research community, which has led to upper bounds on the excess population risk RP in different learning settings. However, such bounds typically degrade with overparameterization, i.e., as the ...
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作者：Fay, Philip A.; Gherardi, Laureano A.; Yahdjian, Laura; Adler, Peter B.; Bakker, Jonathan D.; Bharath, Siddharth; Borer, Elizabeth T.; Harpole, W. Stanley; Green, Erika Hersch -; Huxman, Travis E.; Macdougall, Andrew S.; Risch, Anita C.; Seabloom, Eric W.; Bagchi, Sumanta; Barrio, Isabel C.; Biederman, Lori; Buckley, Yvonne M.; Bugalho, Miguel N.; Caldeira, Maria C.; Catford, Jane A.; Chen, Qingqing; Cleland, Elsa E.; Collins, Scott L.; Daleo, Pedro; Dickman, Christopher R.; Donohue, Ian; Dupre, Mary E.; Eisenhauer, Nico; Eskelinen, Anu; Hagenah, Nicole; Hautier, Yann; Heckman, Robert W.; Jonsdottir, Ingibjoerg S.; Knops, Johannes M. H.; Laungani, Ramesh; Martina, Jason P.; Mcculley, Rebecca L.; Morgan, John W.; Venterink, Harry Olde; Peri, Pablo L.; Power, Sally A.; Raynaud, Xavier; Ren, Zhengwei; Roscher, Christiane; Smith, Melinda D.; Spohn, Marie; Stevens, Carly J.; Tedder, Michelle J.; Virtanen, Risto; Wardle, Glenda M.; Wheeler, George R.
作者单位：United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University of Buenos Aires; Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University; Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; German Research Foundation (DFG); German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv); Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ); Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Michigan Technological University; University of Guelph; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research; Indian Institute of Science (IISC) - Bangalore; Iowa State University; Trinity College Dublin; Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; Centro de Estudos Florestais; University of London; King's College London; Australian National University; Leibniz Association; Senckenberg Gesellschaft fur Naturforschung (SGN); University of California System; University of California San Diego; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); National University of Mar del Plata; University of Sydney; Trinity College Dublin; Leipzig University; University of Oulu; University of Pretoria; Utrecht University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Iceland; Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University; Marist College; Texas State University System; Texas State University San Marcos; University of Kentucky; La Trobe University; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Western Sydney University; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Lanzhou University; Lanzhou University; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Lancaster University; University of Kwazulu Natal; University of Sydney; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln
摘要：Ecosystems are experiencing changing global patterns of mean annual precipitation (MAP) and enrichment with multiple nutrients that potentially colimit plant biomass production. In grasslands, mean aboveground plant biomass is closely related to MAP, but how this relationship changes after enrichment with multiple nutrients remains unclear. We hypothesized the global biomass-MAP relationship becomes steeper with an increasing number of added nutrients, with increases in steepness corresponding...
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作者：Viola, Giovanna; Trivellato, Daniele; Laitaoja, Mikko; Janis, Janne; Felli, Isabella C.; D'Onofrio, Mariapina; Mollica, Luca; Giachin, Gabriele; Assfalg, Michael
作者单位：University of Verona; University of Eastern Finland; University of Florence; University of Milan; University of Padua
摘要：Posttranslational modifications can critically affect conformational changes of amyloid-forming proteins. Ubiquitination of the microtubule-associated tau protein, an intrinsically disordered biomolecule, has been proposed to influence the formation of filamentous deposits in neurodegenerative conditions. Given the reported link between aggregation propensity and intrinsic structural preferences (e.g., transient extended structural motifs or tertiary contacts) in disordered proteins, we sought...
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作者：Das, Suman G.; Mungan, Muhittin; Krug, Joachim
作者单位：University of Cologne; University of Bern; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
摘要：The evolutionary adaptation of an organism to a stressful environment often comes at the cost of reduced fitness. For example, resistance to antimicrobial drugs frequently reduces growth rate in the drug-free environment. This cost can be compensated without loss in resistance by mutations at secondary sites when the organism evolves again in the stress-free environment. Here, we analytically and numerically study evolution on a simple model fitness landscape to show that compensatory evolutio...
