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作者：Morriss, Matthew C.; Mitchell, Nate A.; Yanites, Brian J.; Staisch, Lydia M.; Korup, Oliver
作者单位：University of Oregon; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; University of Potsdam; University of Potsdam
摘要：We explore how and when Hells Canyon, North America's deepest river gorge (similar to 2,400 m deep), formed, addressing these fundamental questions first posed by W. Lindgren [The Gold Belt of the Blue Mountains of Oregon (1901)]. Existing hypotheses about the canyon's formation and timing of incision remain speculative due to a lack of direct constraints and geomorphic analysis in the canyon. Herein, we combine cosmogenic nuclide dating of cave-bound river deposits, river profile analysis, an...
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作者：Alam, Raihan; Rai, Tage S.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Institutional legitimacy is essential for democracies, yet public trust and confidence in the United States Congress are at an all-time low. A significant predictor of attitudes toward Congress is perceptions of corruption, with perceptions of corruption in government linked to less legitimacy. This study tests whether knowledge of Congressional stock trading affects legitimacy and compliance with Congressional authority. In a preregistered experiment with US citizens (n = 506), participants w...
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作者：Ccoa, Willmor J. Pena; Mukadum, Fatemah; Ramon, Aubin; Stirnemann, Guillaume; Hocky, Glen M.
作者单位：New York University; University of Cambridge; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); New York University
摘要：Vinculin forms a catch bond with the cytoskeletal polymer actin, displaying an increased bond lifetime upon force application. Notably, this behavior depends on the direction of the applied force, which has significant implications for cellular mechanotransduction. In this work, we present a comprehensive molecular dynamics simulation study, employing enhanced sampling techniques to investigate the thermodynamic, kinetic, and mechanistic aspects of this phenomenon at physiologically relevant f...
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作者：Stolyarova, Anastasia; Coop, Graham; Przeworski, Molly
作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; Columbia University
摘要：A major focus of human genetics is to map severe disease mutations. Increasingly, that goal is understood as requiring huge numbers of people to be sequenced from every broadly defined genetic ancestry group, so as not to miss ancestry- specific variants. Here, we consider whether this focus is warranted. We start from first principles considerations, based on models of mutation-drift- selection balance, which suggest that since severe disease mutations tend to be strongly deleterious, and thu...
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作者：Yamashita, Haruka; Matsumoto, Tomotaka; Kawashima, Kent; Daanaa, Hassan Sibroe Abdulla; Yang, Ziheng; Akashi, Hiroshi
作者单位：Research Organization of Information & Systems (ROIS); National Institute of Genetics (NIG) - Japan; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; University of London; University College London; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan
摘要：We employ fine-scale population genetic analyses to reveal dynamics among interacting forces that act at synonymous sites and introns among closely related Drosophila cies. Synonymous codon usage bias has proven to be well suited for population genetic inference. Under major codon preference (MCP), translationally superior major codons confer fitness benefits relative to their less efficiently and/or accurately decoded synonymous counterparts. Our codon family and lineage-specific analyses exp...
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作者：Koh, Yeojung; Vazquez-Rosa, Edwin; Gao, Farrah; Li, Hongyun; Chakraborty, Suwarna; Tripathi, Sunil Jamuna; Barker, Sarah; Bud, Zea; Bangalore, Anusha; Kandjoze, Uapingena P.; Leon-Alvarado, Rose A.; Sridharan, Preethy S.; Cordova, Brittany A.; Yu, Youngmin; Hyung, Jiwon; Fang, Hua; Singh, Salendra; Katabathula, Ramachandra; LaFramboise, Thomas; Kasturi, Lakshmi; Lutterbaugh, James; Beard, Lydia; Cordova, Erika; Cintron-Perez, Coral J.; Franke, Kathryn; Fragoso, Mariana Franco; Miller, Emiko; Indrakumar, Vidya; Noel, Kamryn L.; Dhar, Matasha; Ajroud, Kaouther; Zamudio, Carlos; Tavares Pereira Lopes, Filipa Blasco; Bambakidis, Evangeline; Zhu, Xiongwei; Wilson, Brigid; Flanagan, Margaret E.; Gefen, Tamar; Fujioka, Hisashi; Fink, Stephen P.; Desai, Amar B.; Dawson, Dawn; Williams, Noelle S.; Kim, Young-Kwang; Ready, Joseph M.; Paul, Bindu D.; Shin, Min-Kyoo; Markowitz, Sanford D.; Pieper, Andrew A.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University Hospitals of Cleveland; Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Johns Hopkins University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Earlham College; University System of Ohio; University of Toledo; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Cleveland Clinic Foundation; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Northwestern University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU); Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Seoul National University (SNU); University Hospitals of Cleveland
摘要：Alzheimer's disease (AD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are currently untreatable neurodegenerative disorders afflicting millions of people worldwide. These conditions are pathologically related, and TBI is one of the greatest risk factors for AD. Although blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption drives progression of both AD and TBI, strategies to preserve BBB integrity have been hindered by lack of actionable targets. Here, we identify 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), an enzyme...
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作者：Andrews, Adam Jon; Eriksen, Emma Falkeid; Star, Bastiaan; Praebel, Kim; Di Natale, Antonio; Malca, Estrella; Onar, Vedat; Aniceti, Veronica; Carenti, Gabriele; Piques, Gael; Nielsen, Svein Vatsvag; Persson, Per; Piattoni, Federica; Fontani, Francesco; Atmore, Lane M.; Kersten, Oliver; Tinti, Fausto; Cilli, Elisabetta; Cariani, Alessia
作者单位：Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA); University of Bologna; University of Oslo; UiT The Arctic University of Tromso; University of Miami; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Mugla Sitki Kocman University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Universite Cote d'Azur; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paul-Valery; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Montpellier; University of Oslo; University of Bologna; University of British Columbia
摘要：Overexploitation has depleted fish stocks during the past century; nonetheless, its genomic consequences remain poorly understood for most species. Characterizing the spatiotemporal patterns of these consequences may provide baseline estimates of past diversity and productivity to aid management targets, help predict future dynamics, and facilitate the identification of evolutionary factors limiting fish population recovery. Here, we evaluate human impacts on the evolution of the iconic Atlant...
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作者：Stasiak, Piotr Z.; Xing, Yiming; Alihosseini, Yousef; Barenghi, Carlo F.; Baggaley, Andrew; Guo, Wei; Galantucci, Luca; Krstulovic, Giorgio
作者单位：Newcastle University - UK; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; Florida A&M University; Lancaster University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Cote d'Azur; Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur
摘要：The minimum separation between reconnecting vortices in fluids and superfluids obeys a universal scaling law with respect to time. The prereconnection and the postreconnection prefactors of this scaling law are different, a property related to irreversibility and to energy transfer and dissipation mechanisms. In the present work, we determine the temperature dependence of these prefactors in superfluid helium from experiments and a numeric model which fully accounts for the coupled dynamics of...
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作者：Tenedini, Federico Marcello; Yin, Chang; Huang, Jessica M.; Dhiman, Neena; Soba, Peter; Parrish, Jay Z.
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Bonn
摘要：Many neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) preferentially affect neurons with long or complex axonal arbors but the cellular and molecular bases for neurite length-dependent vulnerability of neurons to degeneration is largely unknown. Using Drosophila sensory neurons as a model system we show that neuronal activation of the integrated stress response triggers expression of the Interleukin-6 homolog unpaired3 (upd3), which is both necessary and sufficient for axon length-dependent degeneration of ...
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作者：Viudez-Moreiras, Daniel; Zorzano, Maria- Paz; Lemmon, Mark T.; Fairen, Alberto G.; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso; Smith, Michael D.
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro de Astrobiologia (INTA); Cornell University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Quimica Fisica Blas Cabrera (IQF-CSIC); National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
摘要：The incident ultraviolet (UV) irradiance on the surface of Mars is strongly sterilizing and plays a critical role in atmospheric and near- surface photochemistry. The Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) instrument, which includes the first UV sensor sent to Mars on board the Curiosity rover, has been measuring the UV irradiance at Gale Crater since 2012, providing ground- truth data regarding seasonal and short- term variability of the UV radiation at the surface of another planet. H...
