21期

最新文章

• Stathmin-2 enhances motor axon regeneration after injury independent of its binding to tubulin AI翻译
  作者：Beccari, Melinda S.; Arnold-Garcia, Olatz; Baughn, Michael W.; Artates, Jonathan W.; McAlonis-Downes, Melissa; Lim, Jaisen; Leyva-Cazares, Dulce Fernanda; Rubio-Lara, Hugo Isaac; Ramirez-Rodriguez, Andrea; Bernal-Buenrostro, Carol N.; Murgia-Bay, Brian; Rangel, Carolina K.; Kim, Dong Hyun; Melamed, Ze'ev; Lutz, Cathleen M.; Lagier-Tourenne, Clotilde; Corbett, Kevin D.; Lopez-Erauskin, Jone; Cleveland, Don W.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Biogipuzkoa; CIBERNED; Universidad Autonoma de Baja California; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jackson Laboratory; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California San Diego; Pfizer; Pfizer USA
  摘要：Stathmin-2 (also known as SCG10) is encoded by the STMN2 gene, whose mRNA is one of the most abundantly expressed in human motor neurons. In almost all instances of ALS and other TDP-43 proteinopathies, stathmin-2 encoding mRNAs are cryptically spliced and polyadenylated in motor neurons, a pathogenic consequence of nuclear loss of function of the RNA binding protein TDP-43. While stathmin-2 has been shown to enhance regeneration after axonal injury to axons of cultured motor neurons, here, we...
• Physical exercise activates a PVN-NAc oxytocin circuit to relieve stress- induced depressive- like behaviors AI翻译
  作者：Xia, Jie; Zou, Yong; Cui, Yuqing; Zhang, Sen; Huo, Konglin; Liu, Wenbin; Huang, Zhuochun; Zhang, Qiang; Qi, Zhengtang; Liu, Weina
  作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; East China Normal University; East China Normal University; East China Normal University; East China Normal University
  摘要：Physical exercise is known to reduce depression, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain unclear. Based on a chronic restraint stress model in mice, we showed that 4-wk treadmill exercise profoundly maintained normal neural activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), in association with the prevention of depressive-like behaviors. Microarray analysis conducted in the NAc revealed that the oxytocin (OT) receptor displayed the most significant differential expression, implying a crucial involvem...
• Environmental resistome-guided development of resistance-tolerant antibiotics AI翻译
  作者：Peek, James; Bhattacharjee, Abir; Burian, Jan; Hsieh, David Chun- Cheng; Hernandez, Yozen; Ternei, Melinda; Panfil, Cecilia; Brady, Sean F.
  作者单位：Rockefeller University; Rockefeller University
  摘要：Failure to anticipate new forms of antibiotic resistance has led to resistance developing rapidly to virtually all antibiotics that have entered clinical use. Many of the most problematic types of resistance originated in the environment, where ancient arms races between antibiotic-producing microbes and their competitors have created vast arsenals of antibiotics and resistance. Seizing on the knowledge that resistance in nature is frequently a harbinger of future clinical resistance, we propo...
• Inflammatory cytokine upd3 induces axon length-dependent synapse removal by glia AI翻译
  作者：Tenedini, Federico Marcello; Yin, Chang; Huang, Jessica M.; Dhiman, Neena; Soba, Peter; Parrish, Jay Z.
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; University of Bonn
  摘要：Many neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) preferentially affect neurons with long or complex axonal arbors but the cellular and molecular bases for neurite length-dependent vulnerability of neurons to degeneration is largely unknown. Using Drosophila sensory neurons as a model system we show that neuronal activation of the integrated stress response triggers expression of the Interleukin-6 homolog unpaired3 (upd3), which is both necessary and sufficient for axon length-dependent degeneration of ...
• Ultraviolet and biological effective dose observations at Gale Crater, Mars AI翻译
  作者：Viudez-Moreiras, Daniel; Zorzano, Maria- Paz; Lemmon, Mark T.; Fairen, Alberto G.; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso; Smith, Michael D.
  作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro de Astrobiologia (INTA); Cornell University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Quimica Fisica Blas Cabrera (IQF-CSIC); National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
  摘要：The incident ultraviolet (UV) irradiance on the surface of Mars is strongly sterilizing and plays a critical role in atmospheric and near- surface photochemistry. The Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) instrument, which includes the first UV sensor sent to Mars on board the Curiosity rover, has been measuring the UV irradiance at Gale Crater since 2012, providing ground- truth data regarding seasonal and short- term variability of the UV radiation at the surface of another planet. H...
• Macrophages release neuraminidase and cleaved calreticulin for programmed cell removal AI翻译
  作者：Banuelos, Allison; Baez, Michelle; Zhang, Allison; Yilmaz, Leyla; Kasberg, William; Volk, Regan; Georgeos, Nardin; Sedova, Elle Koren -; Le, Uyen; Burden, Andrew T.; Marjon, Kristopher D.; Schwartz, Jennifer Lippincott -; Zaro, Balyn W.; Weissman, Irving L.
  作者单位：Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University
  摘要：Calreticulin (CALR) is primarily an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein that also plays a key role in facilitating programmed cell removal (PrCR) by acting as an eat-me signal for macrophages, directing their recognition and engulfment of dying, diseased, or unwanted cells. Recent findings have demonstrated that macrophages can transfer their own CALR onto exposed asialoglycans on target cells, marking them for PrCR. Despite the critical role CALR plays in this process, the molecular mecha...
• Trait-space patterning is dictated by the tempo and mode of mutation AI翻译
  作者：Martis, Stephen; Schwab, David J.; Grandpre, Trevor
  作者单位：Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Princeton University; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Princeton University; Princeton University
  摘要：In large, natural ecosystems, many (>= 1) phenotypically relevant mutants can emerge over the characteristic turnover time of the population. When this is the case, there can be `eco-evolutionary feedback' between the dynamical processes that underlie mutation, selection and ecology. We show that, owing to such feedback, the precise details of the mutational process can have a qualitative impact on the long-term behavior of an eco-evolutionary system, in contrast to the classical population ge...
• AI assistance improves people's ability to distinguish correct from incorrect eyewitness lineup identifications AI翻译
  作者：Kelso, Lauren E.; Dobolyi, David G.; Grabman, Jesse H.; Dodson, Chad S.
  作者单位：University of Virginia; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; New Mexico State University
  摘要：Mistaken eyewitness identification is one of the leading causes of false convictions. Improving law enforcement's ability to identify correct identifications could have profound implications for criminal justice. Across two experiments, we show that AI-assistance can improve people's ability to distinguish between accurate and inaccurate eyewitness lineup identifications. Participants (Experiment 1: N = 1,092, Experiment 2: N = 1,809) saw an eyewitness's lineup identification, accompanied by t...
• Galvanotactic directionality of cell groups depends on group size AI翻译
  作者：Copos, Calina; Sun, Yao-Hui; Zhu, Kan; Zhang, Yan; Reid, Brian; Draper, Bruce; Lin, Francis; Yue, Haicen; Bernadskaya, Yelena; Zhao, Min; Mogilner, Alex
  作者单位：Northeastern University; Northeastern University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; Hangzhou Normal University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Manitoba; University of Vermont; New York University; New York University
  摘要：Motile cells migrate directionally in the electric field (EF) in a process known as galvanotaxis, an important phenomenon in wound healing and development. We previously reported that individual fish keratocyte cells migrate to the cathode in EFs, that inhibition of PI3 kinase (PI3K) reverses single cells to the anode, and that large cohesive groups of either unperturbed or PI3K-inhibited cells migrate to the cathode. Here, we report that small uninhibited cell groups move to the cathode, whil...
• Cave records reveal recent origin of North America's deepest canyon AI翻译
  作者：Morriss, Matthew C.; Mitchell, Nate A.; Yanites, Brian J.; Staisch, Lydia M.; Korup, Oliver
  作者单位：University of Oregon; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; University of Potsdam; University of Potsdam
  摘要：We explore how and when Hells Canyon, North America's deepest river gorge (similar to 2,400 m deep), formed, addressing these fundamental questions first posed by W. Lindgren [The Gold Belt of the Blue Mountains of Oregon (1901)]. Existing hypotheses about the canyon's formation and timing of incision remain speculative due to a lack of direct constraints and geomorphic analysis in the canyon. Herein, we combine cosmogenic nuclide dating of cave-bound river deposits, river profile analysis, an...