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作者：Constenla-Villoslada, Susana; Liu, Yanyan; McBride, Linden; Ouma, Clinton; Mutanda, Nelson; Barrett, Christopher B.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); Cornell University; Cornell University
摘要：The number of acutely food insecure people worldwide has doubled since 2017, increasing demand for early warning systems (EWS) that can predict food emergencies. Advances in computational methods, and the growing availability of near- real time remote sensing data, suggest that big data approaches might help meet this need. But such models have thus far exhibited low predictive skill with respect to subpopulation- level acute malnutrition indicators. We explore whether updating training data w...
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作者：Dingeldein, Lars; Silva-Sanchez, David; Evans, Luke; D'Imprima, Edoardo; Grigorieff, Nikolaus; Covino, Roberto; Cossio, Pilar
作者单位：Goethe University Frankfurt; Yale University; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester; University of Massachusetts System; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester; Goethe University Frankfurt; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute
摘要：Characterizing the conformational ensemble of biomolecular systems is key to understand their functions. Cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) captures two-dimensional snapshots of biomolecular ensembles, giving in principle access to thermodynamics. However, these images are very noisy and show projections of the molecule in unknown orientations, making it very difficult to identify the biomolecule's conformation in each individual image. Here, we introduce cryo-EM simulation-based inference (cry...
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作者：Hoeppner, Jakob; Firat, Damla; Parvez-Khan, Mohd; Reyes, Monica; Hanna, Patrick; Yadav, Prem Swaroop; Dean, Thomas; Ramos-Torres, Karla M.; Brugarolas, Pedro; Collins, Michael T.; Wein, Marc N.; Liu, Shi; Gellman, Samuel H.; Schipani, Ernestina; Kronenberg, Henry M.; Gardella, Thomas J.; Jueppner, Harald
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; University of Duisburg Essen; University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Medicine; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; National University of Singapore
摘要：Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) is a rare disorder caused by activating mutations in the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor (PTH1R). Patients exhibit short stature, dysmorphic bones, and severe growth plate abnormalities, as well as hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, hypophosphatemia, and reduced plasma PTH levels. Humanized PTH1R (hPTH1R) mice expressing the H223R-hPTH1R JMC mutation die early without breeding. We therefore generated and characterized a sta...
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作者：Kim, Ji- Hyun; Kim, Joodeok; Kim, Byung Hyo; Song, Sanggeun; Kang, Jingyu; Rhee, Jinho; Kim, Donghee; Chun, Hoje; Choi, Hyesung; Cho, Hyungjin; Kim, Yongjoon; Jung, Jae Won; Son, Youngju; Jung, Junhyeok; Park, Kunwoo; Jeon, Sungho; Lee, Minho; Han, Byungchan; Lee, Won Chul; Kim, Dongjun; Hyeon, Taeghwan; Sung, Jaeyoung; Park, Jungwon
作者单位：Chung Ang University; Chung Ang University; Chung Ang University; Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU); Soongsil University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Chung Ang University; Yonsei University; Hanyang University; Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU)
摘要：Colloidal nanoparticles are of great interest in modern science and industry. However, the thermodynamic mechanism and dynamics of nanoparticle growth have yet to be understood. Addressing these issues, we tracked hundreds of in-situ growth trajectories of a nanoparticle ensemble using liquid-phase TEM and found that the nanoparticle growth, including coalescence, exhibits nanoparticle size-dependent multiphasic dynamics, unexplainable by current theories. Motivated by this finding, we develop...
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作者：Capps, Mary E. S.; Moyer, Anna J.; Conklin, Claire L.; Martina, Verdion; Olson, Emma G. Torija -; Klein, Morgan C.; Gannaway, William C.; Calhoun, Caleb C. S.; Vivian, Michael D.; Thyme, Summer B.
作者单位：University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham
摘要：Hundreds of human mutations are linked to autism and related disorders, yet the functions of many of these mutated genes during vertebrate neurodevelopment are unclear. We generated 27 zebrafish mutants with presumptive protein-truncating mutations or specific missense variants corresponding to autism-risk alleles in 17 human genes. We observed baseline and stimulus-driven behavioral changes at larval stages, as well as social behavior differences in lines tested as juveniles. Imaging whole-br...
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作者：Hu, Jiajie; Yu, Dongsheng; Wang, Jiasheng; Guo, Peng; Chen, Mingming; Wu, Dongmei; Cai, Youzhi; Wang, Yixuan; Ji, Junfeng; Yao, Xudong; Ouyang, Hongwei
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Liangzhu Laboratory; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Medical College; Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of physical disability among older people and its incidence increases with age. Removal of the senescent cells (SNCs) delays OA pathologies, but little is known about the heterogeneity of SNCs and their roles in OA pathogenesis. Here, we identify a subpopulation of senescent synovial cells and proposed a molecular mechanism governing pathogenic synovium-cartilage crosstalk in OA progression. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and synovial orga...
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作者：Huang, Peng; Almquist, Zack W.; Butts, Carter T.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：Scientific inquiry about the transmissibility of infectious diseases is largely based on the basic reproduction number (R0) and its derivations. This paper describes a mechanism overlooked in most conventional analyses, in which a disease can endogenously compete with itself when multiple infectious individuals race to infect the same susceptible individual, thereby reducing the effective reproductive rate. Utilizing an empirically calibrated network epidemiological model of wild-type COVID-19...
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作者：Tovar, Ruben U.; Dobbins, Brittany A.; Hartman, Nicholas R.; Leelani, Sheena; Devitt, Thomas J.; Garcia, Dana M.; Gignac, Paul M.; Cannatella, David C.; Hillis, David M.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Texas State University System; Texas State University San Marcos; University of Arizona; University of Arizona Health Sciences
摘要：Lineages that have invaded subterranean environments have repeatedly evolved remarkable adaptations to life in darkness. However, observational and experimental studies in additional natural systems are needed to further our understanding of repeated evolution and convergence. In Texas, a radiation of groundwater salamanders (genus Eurycea), with independent invasions of subterranean karstic environments, offers an opportunity to investigate phenotypic convergence, parallel evolution, and the ...
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作者：David, Kyle T.; Schraiber, Joshua G.; Crandall, Johnathan G.; Labella, Abigail L.; Opulente, Dana A.; Harrison, Marie- Claire; Wolters, John F.; Zhou, Xiaofan; Shen, Xing - Xing; Groenewald, Marizeth; Hittinger, Chris Todd; Pennell, Matt; Rokas, Antonis
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; University of Southern California; University of Southern California; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte; Villanova University; South China Agricultural University; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Cornell University
摘要：Many remarkable phenotypes have repeatedly occurred across vast evolutionary distances. When convergent traits emerge on the tree of life, they are sometimes driven by the same underlying gene families, while other times, many different gene families are involved. Conversely, a gene family may be repeatedly recruited for a single trait or many different traits. To understand the general rules governing convergence at both genomic and phenotypic levels, we systematically tested associations bet...
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作者：Whitney, Megan R.
作者单位：Loyola University Chicago
