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作者：Mujcic, Redzo; Oswald, Andrew J.
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Warwick; University of Oxford
摘要：Humans hate being monitored. Autonomy is prized-including by research scientists. Yet little is known about a fundamental issue in the modern world: What is happening to job autonomy in today's workplaces as people move from youth on to middle age and then on to older ages? It would be natural to believe that individuals in the second half of their careers would be the senior ones with high autonomy. We provide evidence that such a belief is wrong. This study uses longitudinal data on hundreds...
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作者：Xia, Siyou; Yang, Yu; Poon, Jessie P. H.
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; State University of New York (SUNY) System; SUNY Delhi; University at Buffalo, SUNY; Beijing Normal University
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作者：Gao, Jie; Shen, Yiyang; Komura, Shigeyuki; Hu, Wenbing; Shen, Lei; Hu, Jinglei
作者单位：Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Wuhan University of Technology
摘要：Understanding the dynamics of macromolecules adsorbed from extracellular fluids onto cell membranes is crucial for elucidating basic cellular processes and advancing applications in biotechnology, such as biosensing, therapeutics, and synthetic biology. However, this is complicated by the interplay between membrane heterogeneity, macromolecule conformation, and fluid hydrodynamics. We investigate the dynamics of linear polymers on binary lipid membranes using hydrodynamics simulations and sing...
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作者：McDonald, Julie L.; Shapiro, Nathan P.; Mengiste, Amanuella A.; Kaines, Sarah; Whitney, Spencer M.; Wilson, Robert H.; Shoulders, Matthew D.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Australian National University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation by the enzyme Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase (Rubisco) underpins biomass accumulation in photosynthetic bacteria and eukaryotes. Despite its pivotal role, Rubisco has a slow carboxylation rate (k(cat)(CO2)) and is competitively inhibited by oxygen (O-2). These traits impose limitations on photosynthetic efficiency, making Rubisco a compelling target for improvement. Interest in Form II Rubisco from Gallionellaceae bacteria, which comprise a di...
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作者：Suryawanshi, Rahul K.; Patil, Chandrashekhar D.; Borase, Hemant; Shukla, Deepak
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：Akt isoforms are generally considered functionally redundant, contributing to total Akt activity. However, during HSV-1 infection, Akt1 and Akt2 knockout animals exhibited distinct antiviral responses. Unexpectedly, in the absence of Akt1, Akt2 played a unique role in regulating cytokine production and inactivating proapoptotic transcription factor FoxO3a, a mechanism not shared by Akt1. These findings provide the clearest in vivo evidence yet that Akt isoforms are not functionally redundant, ...
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作者：Druckman, James N.; Ellenbogen, Kirsten M.; Scheufele, Dietram A.; Yanovitzky, Itzhak
作者单位：University of Rochester; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; The Morgridge Institute for Research, Inc.; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
摘要：Science should not unilaterally dictate individuals' decisions or public policies. Yet, it provides a vital source of information for societies and individuals that can often improve outcomes and well-being. This requires, however, the effective communication of scientific information. We identify two paradigms for science communication. One focuses on dissemination, often seeking to inform, reframe, or correct beliefs. Another emphasizes participation and engagement with the goal of improving...
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作者：Lu, Qing- Bin
作者单位：University of Waterloo; University of Waterloo; University of Waterloo
摘要：Cosmic rays (CRs) play an important role in affecting planetary and interstellar climate and environment. Here, we apply the CR-driven electron-induced reaction (CRE) theory of ozone depletion to obtain a quantitative understanding of spatiotemporal variations in Earth's lower-stratospheric ozone (LSO) and temperature, which provide fingerprints for the mechanisms of ozone depletion and examine the impact of nonhalogen greenhouse gases on the ozone layer. We first show from observations that b...
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作者：Wang, Yubao; Manokaran, Cherubin; Huang, Kevin; Schaffhausen, Brian; Roberts, Thomas M.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Tufts University
摘要：The study of DNA tumor viruses has revolutionized cancer biology, partly by virtue of the unique capabilities of viral oncoproteins to manipulate key proteins and pathways involved in tumorigenesis. We find a high affinity and selective binding of the polyoma small T antigen (PyST) with the transcription cofactor TAZ. engineering a degradable version of PyST, we demonstrate that, when TAZ activity is modulated by PyST, a surprisingly small number of genes have altered expression and thus are c...
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作者：Guarnaccia, Alissa D.; Hagenbeek, Thijs J.; Lee, Wendy; Kljavin, Noelyn; Choi, Meena; Tombling, Benjamin; Peukert, Carsten; Ulas, Gozde; Kameswaran, Vasumathi; Le, Daniel; Paul, Sayantanee; Vaidya, Samir; Zbieg, Jason R.; Crawford, James J.; Daniel, Bence; Dey, Anwesha; Lill, Jennie R.
作者单位：Roche Holding; Roche Holding USA; Genentech; Roche Holding; Roche Holding USA; Genentech; Roche Holding; Genentech; Roche Holding USA; Roche Holding; Genentech; Roche Holding USA; Roche Holding; Roche Holding USA; Genentech; Roche Holding; Genentech; Roche Holding USA
摘要：TEAD proteins are the main transcriptional effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway and a clinical-stage pharmacological target in oncology. Most TEAD-targeting small molecules are designed to disrupt interaction between TEAD and the oncogenic transcriptional activators YAP and TAZ. Here, we uncover an alternative mechanism for a subset of TEAD lipid pocket-binding molecules. We report that select sulfonamide-containing TEAD-targeting compounds enhance the interaction between TEAD and the tran...
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作者：Jopling, Ellen; Drury, Stacy S.; Fox, Nathan A.; Zeanah, Charles H.; Nelson, Charles A.
作者单位：Tulane University
摘要：A stable caregiving environment early in life is essential for children's development, and disruptions have the potential to impact biological processes. Using data from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project, we examined a developmental cascade model in which shifts in pubertal tempo following early caregiving disruptions come at an epigenetic cost. Among 115 individuals, all of whom experienced severe deprivation early in life, we tracked caregiving disruptions across childhood; assessed p...
