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作者：Halford, Julia; Senatore, Amanda J.; Berryman, Sage; Semidey, Destinee; Munoz, Antonio; Doan, Ryan A.; Coombs, Adam M.; Noimany, Brandon; Emberley, Katie; Emery, Ben; Monk, Kelly R.; Murthy, Swetha E.
作者单位：Oregon Health & Science University; Oregon Health & Science University
摘要：Infantile hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 19 (HLD19) is a rare genetic disorder where patients exhibit reduced myelin in central nervous system (CNS) white matter tracts and present with varied neurological symptoms. The causative gene TMEM63A encodes a mechanosensitive ion channel whose role in myelination is largely unexplored. Our study shows that TMEM63A is a major regulator of oligodendrocyte (OL)-dependent myelination in the CNS. In mouse and zebrafish, Tmem63a inactivation led to early d...
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作者：Potapov, Peter; Tyukavina, Alexandra; Turubanova, Svetlana; Hansen, Matthew C.; Giglio, Louis; Hernandez-Serna, Andres; Lima, Andre; Harris, Nancy; Stolle, Fred
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Global forests provide key ecosystem services, from climate regulation to biodiversity habitat, but are under increasing pressure from the combined impacts of climate and land use change. Here, we show that forest disturbance due to fire is growing globally, with the most dramatic increases in intact forest landscapes, highlighting an existential threat to remaining high biomass, high biodiversity forests. The global annual area of forest disturbance due to fire for 2023 and 2024 was highest s...
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作者：Huang, Yi-Chun; Costa, Caique Almeida Machado; Ruiz, Nicolas Vergara; Wang, Xianfeng; Jevitt, Allison; Breneman, Christina Marie; Han, Chun; Deng, Wu-Min
作者单位：Tulane University; Tulane University Hospital; Cornell University; College of Charleston
摘要：Removal of dead and damaged cells is critical for organismal health. Under stress conditions such as nutritional deprivation, infection, or temperature shift, the clearance of nonessential cells becomes a universal strategy to conserve energy and maintain tissue homeostasis. Typically, this task is performed by professional phagocytes such as macrophages. However, nonprofessional phagocytes (NPPs) can also adopt a phagocytic fate under specific circumstances. Similar to professional phagocytes...
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作者：Pei, Leisi; Green, C. Shawn; Ouyang, Guang
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Inspired by the high engagement and sustained behavioral excitement observed in video game players, we hypothesized that distinct brain activity patterns occur during gaming compared to a generic nongame setting. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we characterized the brain's response to critical in- game events, focusing on the response magnitude and adaptation. Data from a large participant cohort (n = 140 for game tasks, n = 200 for nongame tasks) revealed a clear, definite, and consistent...
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作者：Fricke, Evan C.; Cook-Patton, Susan C.; Harvey, Charles F.; Terrer, Cesar
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Nature Conservancy
摘要：Identifying linkages between biodiversity loss and climate change is required for understanding the scope of these interconnected challenges and developing approaches to address them. One crucial yet underexplored aspect is the influence of seed-dispersing animals on forest carbon storage. Here, we show that 81% of tropical trees rely on animals for seed dispersal and that disruption of this process, due to declines in animal diversity and movement, significantly hampers the carbon accumulatio...
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作者：Tian, Miaomiao; Hao, Fengqi; Wang, Xinyu; Zheng, Xu; Wang, Huiyue; Li, Jing; Li, Zilin; Xia, Mingjie; Li, Changfeng; Zhao, Zhexuan; Han, Jinling; Li, Dan; Nakabeppu, Yusaku; Boldogh, Istvan; Wei, Min; Ba, Xueqing
作者单位：Northeast Normal University - China; Northeast Normal University - China; Northeast Normal University - China; Jilin University; Jilin University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Kyushu University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston
摘要：8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), the most frequent form of oxidative-DNA-base lesion caused by ROS, is recognized and repaired by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) through base excision repair (BER) pathway. Beyond its role in DNA repair, OGG1 has been shown to promote transcriptional activation of proinflammatory mediators and contribute to both acute and chronic lung inflammation. However, pioneering studies have shown an anti-inflammation role for OGG1 in inflammatory bowel disease (I...
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作者：Coskun, Reyan; Chang, ZeNan L.; Rodriguez, Athziri Marcial; Liu, Haoxin; Cheng, Jiye; Alippe, Yael; Diamond, Michael S.; Gordon, Jeffrey I.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：Environmental causes of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remain poorly characterized. Here, we compare germ-free (GF) and conventionally raised (CONV-R) mice to assess the effects of the gut microbiota on placental/fetal development at embryonic day (E)11.5 (end of placentation) and E17.5 (near term). Pregnancy-and microbiota-associated changes in gene expression occur along the gut, including those related to angiogenesis, while bacterial composition and fermentation activity remain sta...
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作者：Huang, Yunyun; Zhu, Yue; Zhu, Yueyan; Jiang, Yan; Xie, Yunli
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University
摘要：Embryonic neural progenitors give rise to adult neural stem cells (aNSCs), which share transcriptomic similarities with astrocytes while sustaining neurogenesis in the adult brain. How embryonic neural progenitors transit into aNSCs while preventing astrocyte fate to maintain the aNSC pool remains unclear. Here, we found that the Setdb1- mediated metabolic state is essential for the transition from embryonic neural progenitors to aNSCs. Loss of the histone methyltransferase SETDB1 during denta...
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作者：England, Sam J.; Palmer, Ryan A.; O'Reilly, Liam J.; Chenchiah, Isaac, V; Robert, Daniel
作者单位：University of West England; University of Bristol; Leibniz Institut fur Evolutions und Biodiversitatsforschung; University of Bristol; University of Bristol
摘要：The link between form and function of an organism's morphology is usually apparent or intuitive. However, some clades of organisms show remarkable diversity in their form, often exhibiting extreme morphologies, but with no obvious functional explanation. Treehoppers (Membracidae) are a family of insects that exemplify this, displaying an astounding morphological diversity, resulting in a plethora of extreme forms. The function of these morphological extremities and the reasons for their evolut...
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作者：Roy, Ethan
作者单位：Stanford University
