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作者：Bolourchi, Negin; Brown, Christopher R. P.; Letten, Andrew D.; Engelstaedter, Jan
作者单位：University of Queensland
摘要：Predicting the ability of bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance is challenging, especially for the vast majority of species for which no experimental data are available. Here, we investigated the evolvability and intrinsic presence of rifampicin resistance across the bacterial tree of life. We compiled a comprehensive panel of known rifampicin resistance mutations, comprising 57 amino acid substitutions within the gene rpoB. We then screened more than 18,000 genomes from all major bacteria...
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作者：Long, Zheng - Yu; Moynier, Frederic; Dai, Wei; van Zuilen, Mark; Deng, Jun; Qiu, Kun - Feng- Feng
作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); China University of Geosciences; Universite de Bretagne Occidentale; Institut Universitaire Europeen de la Mer (IUEM); Naturalis Biodiversity Center
摘要：The Eoarchean quartz-pyroxene rock from Akilia Island in Greenland has been proposed as one of Earth's oldest banded iron formations (BIF) and a potential host for the earliest biosignatures. However, the origin of its protolith, whether it metamorphosed from an igneous or sedimentary precursor, remains debated. Here, we revisit this longstanding Akilia controversy using potassium isotope analyses, comparing Akilia samples with BIFs and black shales spanning the Eoarchean to Mesoproterozoic. O...
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作者：Frank, Steven A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：Cancer is the origin of a novel tissue that attracts resources, spreads beyond boundaries, avoids normal controls, and escapes immunity. How does a novel tissue arise? The puzzle is that two seemingly different processes appear to be the primary driving force. On the one hand, overwhelming evidence links (epi)genetic driver mutations to the origin and progression of tumors. Common oncogenic mutations such as KRAS accelerate cell division, and common knockouts of tumor suppressors such as TP53 ...
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作者：Viegas, Jennifer
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作者：Aguilar-Gomaz, Diana; Yuan, Lin; Zhang, Yulin; Ochoa, Alexander; Culver, Melanie; Fitak, Robert R.; Onorato, Dave; Lohmueller, Kirk E.; Nielsen, Rasmus
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Yale University; University of Arizona; University of Arizona; State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
摘要：Pumas (Puma concolor) occupy a vast geographical range spanning from Canada to Argentina. Due to urbanization and unregulated hunting, pumas in Florida, known as panthers, are the only breeding population east of the Mississippi River. In the 1990s, Florida panthers numbered <30 individuals suffering from inbreeding depression. In 1995, eight pumas from Texas were translocated into southern Florida to mitigate the effects of isolation. This translocation reduced inbreeding depression and incre...
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作者：LaFollette, Kyle J.; Yuval, Janni; Schurr, Roey; Melnikoff, David; Goldenberg, Amit
作者单位：Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Stanford University; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：Computational models of reinforcement learning (RL) have significantly contributed to our understanding of human behavior and decision- making. Traditional RL models, however, often adopt a linear approach to updating reward expectations, potentially oversimplifying the nuanced relationship between human behavior and rewards. To address these challenges and explore models of RL, we utilized a method of model discovery using equation discovery algorithms. This method, currently used mainly in p...
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作者：Kataruka, Shubhangini; Malla, Aushaq B.; Rainsford, Shannon R.; Walters, Benjamin William; Heuer, Rachel A.; Marshall, Kira L.
作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; Yale New Haven Hospital
摘要：Establishment of correct chromatin configuration in male meiosis is essential for sperm formation and male fertility. However, how chromatin remodeling contributes to meiotic progression in male germ cells is not well understood. Here, we find that the ISWI family ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factor SMARCA5 (SNF2H) plays a critical role in regulating meiotic prophase progression during spermatogenesis in mice. Male mice with germ cell-specific depletion of SMARCA5 are infertile and unabl...
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作者：Foley, Erin E. B.; Thomas, Christian L.; Kyriacou, Charalambos P.; Mallon, Eamonn B.
作者单位：University of Leicester
摘要：Epigenetic clocks based on DNA methylation provide robust biomarkers of biological age, yet the mechanistic basis and functional significance of slowing these clocks remain unclear. Progress has been limited by the lack of short-lived, genetically tractable model organisms with functional DNA methylation systems. The jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, offers a unique solution. It combines a functional DNA methylation system with a short lifespan and established tools for experimental manipulatio...
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作者：Bunin, Guy; Rivoire, Olivier
作者单位：Technion Israel Institute of Technology; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI)
摘要：We present a simple physical model that recapitulates several features of biological evolution, while being based only on thermally driven attachment and detachment of elementary building blocks. Through its dynamics, this model samples a large and diverse array of nonequilibrium steady states, both within and between independent trajectories. These dynamics exhibit directionality with a quantity that increases in time, selection, and preferential spatial expansion of particular states, as wel...
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作者：Clegg, Tom; Gross, Thilo
