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作者：Dai, Gaole; Qu, Teng; Lei, Min; Li, Zhuo; Yang, Fubao; Zhang, Ziwei; Wang, Yuanyuan; Xie, Huaqing; Huang, Jiping; Wang, Jun
作者单位：Nantong University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Shanghai Polytechnic University; University of Shanghai for Science & Technology
摘要：Diffusion in physical, chemical, and biological systems often occurs under transient conditions and involves coupling across multiple physical fields, challenging conventional control methods limited to steady-state, single-field settings. Here, we present a general geometric framework for regulating diffusion in time-dependent and multiphysics-coupled environments based on pseudoconformal mapping. This method preserves material isotropy and ensures smooth interface matching, enabling robust a...
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作者：Adema, Joop; Chargaziia, Lasha; Giesing, Yvonne; Poutvaara, Panu
作者单位：University of Innsbruck; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich
摘要：Understanding refugees' destination choices is key to designing appropriate policies, but little is known about this beyond correlational patterns and the effects of isolated policy changes. To derive causal evidence on how destination country characteristics affect refugees' destination choices, we conducted a forced-choice conjoint experiment among 3,348 Ukrainian refugees across Europe. In the survey experiment, refugees repeatedly chose between two hypothetical countries that varied on eig...
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作者：Azizi, Pegah; Kundu, Rahuldev; Li, Weichen; Sun, Kai; Zhang, Xiaojia Shelly; Gonella, Stefano
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Topological states of matter, first discovered in quantum systems, have opened new avenues for wave manipulation beyond the quantum realm. In elastic media, realizing these topological effects requires identifying lattices that support the corresponding topological bands. However, among the vast number of theoretically predicted topological states, only a small fraction has been physically realized. To close this gap, we present a strategy capable of systematically and efficiently discovering ...
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作者：Burghi, Thiago B.; Ivanova, Maria; Morozova, Ekaterina; Wang, Huaxinyu; Marder, Eve; O'Leary, Timothy
作者单位：University of Cambridge; Brandeis University
摘要：Obtaining predictive models of a neural system is notoriously challenging. Detailed models suffer from excess model complexity and are difficult to fit efficiently. Simplified models must negotiate a tradeoff between tractability, predictive power, and ease of interpretation. We present a modeling paradigm for estimating predictive, mechanistic models of neurons and small circuits that navigates these issues using methods from systems theory. The key insight is that membrane currents can be mo...
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作者：Garity, Monica; Lund, David; Jerris, Hope; McBride, Jacquelyn
作者单位：University of Connecticut; Middlebury College
摘要：Changes in oceanic circulation and carbon storage have been implicated as important drivers of atmospheric pCO(2) variability during the last glacial cycle (0 to 150 ka), though consensus on the mechanisms responsible remains elusive due to sparse marine carbonate chemistry reconstructions. Here, we present vertical profiles of carbonate ion concentration ([CO32-]) from the Southwest Atlantic to investigate oceanic carbon sequestration during key intervals of atmospheric CO2 change. During the...
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作者：Thao, Tran Nguyen; Mitani-Ueno, Namiki; Urano, Ryo; Saitoh, Yasunori; Wang, Peitong; Yamaji, Naoki; Shen, Jian-Ren; Shinoda, Wataru; Ma, Jian Feng; Suga, Michihiro
作者单位：Okayama University; Okayama University; Okayama University; Okayama University; Nanjing Agricultural University
摘要：HvAACT1 is a major aluminum (Al)-tolerance gene in barley, encoding a citrate transporter that belongs to the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family. This transporter facilitates citrate secretion from the roots, thereby detoxifying external Al ions-a major constraint of crop production on acidic soils. In this study, we present the outward-facing crystal structure of HvAACT1, providing insights into a citrate transport mechanism. The putative citrate binding site consists of thr...
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作者：Liu, Xin; Nakanishi, Ayako; Fujie, Gou; Tonegawa, Takashi; Nakamura, Yasuyuki; Obana, Koichiro; Kodaira, Shuichi
作者单位：Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC); University of Hong Kong
摘要：The Nankai Trough is a major subduction zone in southern Japan capable of generating the next M7 or larger earthquake off Kii Peninsula. In addition to earthquakes characterized by sharp P and S arrivals, there are numerous slow earthquakes without clear P phases at the subducting plate boundary corresponding to transient slips that are related to fluids at the plate boundary and high pore pressure. In this study, we perform ambient noise differential adjoint tomography to derive the S-wave ve...
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作者：Laso-Jadart, Romuald; Corrigan, Shannon L.; Yang, Lei; Lee, Szu- Hsuan; Gay, Elise J.; Fedrigo, Olivier; Lowe, Christopher G.; Skomal, Gregory; Cliff, Geremy; Padilla, Mauricio Hoyos; Huveneers, Charlie; Lyons, Kady; Sato, Keiichi; Glancy, James; Lesturgie, Pierre; Mona, Stefano; Naylor, Gavin J. P.
作者单位：Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Sorbonne Universite; Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Rockefeller University; California State University System; California State University Long Beach; University of Massachusetts System; University of Kwazulu Natal; Flinders University South Australia; British Museum of Natural History
摘要：Mitonuclear discordance has been observed in several shark species. Female philopatry has often been invoked to explain such discordance but has never been explicitly tested. Here, we focus on the white shark, for which female philopatry has been previously proposed, and produced a chromosome-level genome, high-coverage whole-genome autosomal, and uniparental datasets to investigate mitonuclear discordance. We first reconstructed the historical population demography of the species based on aut...
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作者：Vuille, Joanna A.; Tanriover, Cem; Antmen, Ezgi; Micalizzi, Douglas S.; Ebright, Richard Y.; Animesh, Sambhavi; Morris, Robert; Hajizadeh, Soroush; Nicholson, Zachary J.; Russell, Hunter C.; Zaniewski, Eric F.; Wittner, Ben S.; Wesley, Ben K.; Kwak, Ji Eun; Grunewald, Julian; Szalay, Regan N.; Fox, Douglas B.; Yang, Min; Joung, J. Keith; Gulhan, Doga C.; Elia, Andrew E. H.; Haas, Wilhelm; Oh, Eugene; Maheswaran, Shyamala; Haber, Daniel A.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; University of Lausanne; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV); Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：E3 ubiquitin ligases mediating turnover of proteins engaged in cancer progression point to key regulatory nodes. To uncover modifiers of metastatic competency, we conducted an in vivo genome-wide CRISPR-inactivation screen using cultured breast circulating tumor cells, following intravascular seeding and lung colonization. We identified HECTD4, a previously uncharacterized gene encoding a conserved potential homologous to E6AP C-terminus domain-containing ubiquitin transferase, as a potent tum...
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作者：Procaccia, Itamar; Samanta, Tuhin
作者单位：North University of China; Weizmann Institute of Science
摘要：The Kosterlitz-Thouless and the Hexatic phase transitions are celebrated examples of dipole (vortex, dislocation) induced transitions in condensed matter physics. For very clear reasons, these important topological transitions are restricted to 2-dimensions. Here, we present a genuine dipole-induced transition in the 3-dimensional response of (athermal) amorphous solids to applied strain. Similarly to the existence of a hexatic phase between normal solid and fluid, we identify an intermediate ...
