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作者：Mellya, Ronald. V. K.; Hopcraft, J. Grant C.; Mwakilema, William; Eblate, Ernest M.; Mduma, Simon; Mnaya, Bakari; Chuma, Idrissa S.; Macha, Emmanuel S.; Wambura, Dickson; Fyumagwa, Robert D.; Kilbride, Elizabeth; Ijaz, Umer Z.; Mable, Barbara K.; Khan, Anubhab
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作者：Wu, Tong; Yang, Xinyu; Jin, Xueqin; Yan, Nieng; Li, Zhangqiang
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research & Translation (SMART); Shenzhen Bay Laboratory
摘要：The cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 is resistant to tetrodotoxin (TTXr). Here, we report a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of wild-type human Nav1.5, coexpressed with the beta 1 auxiliary subunit and treated with high-concentration TTX, at 3.4 & Aring; resolution. Structural comparison reveals the molecular determinants for the distinct responses to TTX as well as beta subunits between TTXr and TTX-sensitive (TTXs) Nav channels. A conserved cation-pi interaction betwee...
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作者：Lee, Jongsun; Lee, Bora; Lee, Hyein; Kim, Eun Ji E.; Kim, Sieun S.; Kwon, Hyunwoo C.; Lee, Hanseul; Lee, Gee - Yoon; Hong, Woojin; Ham, Seokjin; Yang, Jae Won; Park, Heeju; Moreno, Tatiana M.; Brown, Michelle E.; Park, Hae- Eun H.; Kim, Eunah; Jung, Yoonji; Kang, Eunseok; Park, Sangsoon; Shin, Yeo Jin; Ha, Seokjun G.; Kwon, Sujeong; Hwang, Seungjae; Min, Hyemin; Kumsta, Caroline; Lim, Chunghun; Kang, Chanhee; Seo, Jinsoo; Lee, Kwang-Pyo; Leea, Seung-Jae, V
作者单位：Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB); Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST); Yonsei University; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB); University of Science & Technology (UST); University of Science & Technology (UST); Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; Seoul National University (SNU)
摘要：Ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) is a pivotal biological process that governs the fidelity of messenger RNA (mRNA) homeostasis and protein synthesis. Defects in RQC are implicated in cellular dysfunction and proteotoxicity, but their impact on aging remains elusive. Here, we show that Pelota, the ribosome rescue factor, promotes longevity and protects against age-related pathological phenotypes in multiple metazoan species. By performing a targeted genetic screen, we find that Pelota ...
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作者：Zrimec, Jan; Correa, Sandra; Zagorscak, Maja; Petek, Marko; Bleker, Carissa; Stare, Katja; Schuy, Christian; Sonnewald, Sophia; Gruden, Kristina; Nikoloski, Zoran
作者单位：National Institute of Biology - Slovenia; University of Potsdam; Max Planck Society; University of Erlangen Nuremberg
摘要：Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind plant response to stress can enhance breeding strategies and help us design crop varieties with improved stress tolerance, yield, and quality. To investigate resource redistribution from growth- to defense- related processes in an essential tuber crop, potato, here we generate a large- scale compartmenreconstruction of primary metabolism, the model includes the full known potato secondary metabolism, spanning over 566 reactions that facilitate the ...
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作者：Kim, Hojin; Livermore, Samantha M.; Rowan, Stuart J.; Jaeger, Heinrich M.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of Chicago
摘要：In materials, the ability to retain the memory of applied stresses or strains opens up new opportunities for enhancing their performance adaptively via training. In dense suspensions, a stress-adaptive response is enabled by non-Newtonian rheology; however, typical suspensions have little memory, which implies rapid cessation of any adapted behavior. Here, we show how multiple adaptive responses can be achieved by designing suspensions where different stress levels trigger different memories. ...
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作者：Bailles, Anais; Serafini, Giulia; Andreas, Heino; Zechner, Christoph; Modes, Carl D.; Tomancak, Pavel
作者单位：Max Planck Society
摘要：During development, groups of cells generate shape by coordinating their mechanical properties through an interplay of self-organization and prepatterning. Hydra displays a striking planar pattern of actin fibers at the organism scale, and mechanics influence the morphogenesis of biological structures during its prepatterned regeneration. However, how mechanics participate in the formation of an ordered pattern from a totally disordered state remains unknown. To study this, we used cellular ag...
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作者：Burney, Jennifer A.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography
摘要：What will it take to eliminate hunger in a world that is increasingly serious about climate change mitigation? For the past two decades, climate activism and mitigation efforts have largely focused on energy, industry, and transportation as the main contributors to anthropogenic warming. Although there is a long way to go to eliminate emissions from these sources, increasing international ambition means that attention is now turning to other hard-to-decarbonize sectors. Net zero food systems i...
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作者：Greene, Hallam J. M.; Ghosh, Deborin; Sazanovich, Igor V.; Phelps, Ryan; Mackintosh, Bembe C.; Curchod, Basile F. E.; Orr-Ewing, Andrew J.
作者单位：University of Bristol; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC); STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
摘要：Nitroaromatic compounds are pollutants emitted from biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion. They are a major component of brown carbon aerosols, affecting radiative forcing in the lower atmosphere. Among these species, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) is toxic to both plants and animals and is resistant to photodegradation when dissolved in water, such as in aqueous atmospheric aerosols. To understand this environmental photostability of DNP, the photochemistry of near-UV excited DNP in aqueous sol...
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作者：Ju, Xiang - Chun; Lee, Shin - Yu; Agren, Richard; Machado, Luiz Carlos; Xing, Jiawei; Azama, Chika; Roy, Michael C.; Endo, Toshihiro; Huttner, Wieland; Siepel, Adam; Fukunaga, Izumi; Zeberg, Hugo; Paabo, Svante
作者单位：Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; Karolinska Institutet; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society
摘要：Adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL), an enzyme that is crucial for purine biosynthesis, carries an amino acid substitution that is present in almost all humans today but absent in Neandertals and Denisovans. This substitution reduces the stability of the enzyme, but what functional consequences it has are unknown. Here, we show that when introduced into mice, this substitution causes substrates of the enzyme to accumulate in amounts that correlate negatively with ADSL expression levels. In the brain...
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作者：Radkani, Setayesh; Tenenbaum, Joshua B.; Saxe, Rebecca
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Authorities, from parents of toddlers to leaders of formal institutions, use punishment to communicate disapproval and enforce social norms. Ideally, from whether and how severely a transgression is punished, targets and observers infer shared social norms. Yet in light of every punitive choice, observers also evaluate the motives and legitimacy of the authority. Here, we show that the effects of punishment can only be understood by considering these inferences simultaneously. We measured huma...
