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作者：Moore, Jeffrey D.
作者单位：University of Southern California
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作者：Kolomenskiy, Dmitry; Farisenkov, Sergey E.; Petrov, Pyotr N.; Polilov, Alexey A.
作者单位：Skolkovo Institute of Science & Technology; Lomonosov Moscow State University
摘要：It is crucial for both animal evolution and engineering to optimize the relative size of structures. Animal wings are no exception, every structural design having its limits in terms of achievable size and performance. For instance, many microinsects have bristled wings, which are more efficient at small scales than the membranous wings common in larger insects. However, the limitations and the optimal characteristics of bristled wings remain largely underinvestigated. We collected morphologic...
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作者：Amarathunga, Udara; Brocks, Jochen J.; Meijer, Paul Th.; Hope, Janet M.; Zachariasse, Willem-Jan; Hennekam, Rick; van der Hoeven, Isabel; Roehl, Ursula; Rule, Susan; Troitzsch, Ulrike; Haberle, Simon; Sluijs, Appy; Grant, Katharine M.; Krijgsman, Wout; Garcia-Castellanos, Daniel; Hogg, Andrew McC.; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Roberts, Andrew P.; Rohling, Eelco J.
作者单位：Princeton University; Australian National University; Utrecht University; University of Bremen; Australian National University; Australian National University; Australian National University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Australian National University
摘要：The Mediterranean basin reconnected to the Atlantic Ocean similar to 5.33 Myr ago, following its partial desiccation during the preceding Messinian salinity crisis (5.97 to 5.33 Myr). While the extent of terminal Messinian drawdown and abruptness of reconnection are debated, recent work inferred that an anomalously long-lasting eastern Mediterranean organic-rich mystery sapropel layer was deposited due to salinity-stratification and anoxia following catastrophic flooding that refilled the basi...
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作者：Wang, Changming; Ji, Haiwang; Wang, Hanwen; Chen, Ziyun; Zhou, Lan; Yang, Yan; Jiang, Yucui; Yu, Guang; Jiang, Ling; Tang, Zongxiang
作者单位：Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Medical University
摘要：Cancer- induced bone pain (CIBP) is a severely painful condition that profoundly impacts patients' quality of life. However, the neuroimmune mechanisms underlying CIBP remain largely elusive. Substance P (SP), which is known to play a pivotal role in pain perception, became the focal point of our study. To this end, we adopted a comprehensive approach combining behavioral and physiological methods to investigate its role in neuroimmune interactions in CIBP. The results showed that SP released ...
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作者：Xie, Ting; Lin, Da; Cai, Xing-Da; Ma, Li-Juan; Wang, Lu; Cai, Tian-Gui; Ye, Yu-Qiu; Shen, Luo-Qin; Sun, Ming-Ming; Ye, Mao; Neilson, Roy; Zhu, Dong
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Urban Environment, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Hebei University; Nanjing Agricultural University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, CAS; James Hutton Institute
摘要：Biochar amendment reshapes microbial community dynamics in vermicomposting, but the mechanism of how phages respond to this anthropogenic intervention and regulate the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remains unclear. In this study, we used metagenomics, viromics, and laboratory validation to explore how nano- biochar affects phage-host interactions and ARGs dissemination in vermicomposting. Our results revealed distinct niche- specific phage life strategies. In vermicompost...
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作者：Alam, Raihan; Rai, Tage S.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Third-party punishment is theorized by some scholars to be essential to the evolution of large-scale cooperation, but empirically, it often fails to bring about its desired effects. Here, we suggest that third-party punishment destabilizes cooperation when third parties have profit motives to punish. Across nine economic games and judgment experiments (including four preregistered studies), we find that when third-party punishment is profitable, rates of cooperation decrease immediately and re...
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作者：Curtis, Samuel D.; Liu, Tingshan; Bai, Yuxin; Wang, Yuxuan; Panda, Sambit; Li, Adam; Xu, Haoyin; O'Reilly, Eliza; Dobbyn, Lisa; Popoli, Maria; Ptak, Janine; Silliman, Natalie; Thoburn, Chris; Tie, Jeanne; Gibbs, Peter; Ho-Pham, Lan T.; Tran, Bich N. H.; Tran, Thach S.; Nguyen, Tuan, V; Konig, Maximilian F.; Petri, Michelle; Rosen, Antony; Mecoli, Christopher A.; Shah, Ami A.; Mulder, Frits; van Es, Nick; Bettegowda, Chetan; Kinzler, Kenneth W.; Papadopoulos, Nickolas; Vogelstein, Joshua T.; Vogelstein, Bert; Douville, Christopher
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Columbia University; Johns Hopkins University; Walter & Eliza Hall Institute; University of Melbourne; Peter Maccallum Cancer Center; University of Melbourne; Western Health; University of Technology Sydney; University of Technology Sydney; University of New South Wales Sydney; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; University of Amsterdam; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine; Johns Hopkins University
摘要：Multiple case-controlled studies have shown that analyzing fragmentation patterns in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can distinguish individuals with cancer from healthy controls. However, there have been few studies that investigate various types of cfDNA fragmentomics patterns in individuals with other diseases. We therefore developed a comprehensive statistic, called fragmentation signatures, that integrates the distributions of fragment positioning, fragment length, and fragment end-motifs in...
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作者：Gujral, Onkar; Bafna, Mihir; Alm, Eric; Berger, Bonnie
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Foundation models in biology-particularly protein language models (PLMs)-have enabled ground-breaking predictions in protein structure, function, and beyond. However, the black-box nature of these representations limits transparency and explainability, posing challenges for human-AI collaboration and leaving open questions about their human-interpretable features. Here, we leverage sparse autoencoders (SAEs) and a variant, transcoders, from natural language processing to extract, in a complete...
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作者：Park, Jong - Duk; Lee, Seoung Rak; Dhennezel, Catherine; Taylor, Noel; Dame, Andrea; Kadoki, Motohiko; Pishchany, Gleb; Graham, Daniel B.; Xavier, Ramnik J.; Seyedsayamdost, Mohammad R.
作者单位：Princeton University; Pusan National University; Pusan National University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Princeton University
摘要：The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in maintaining human health with dysbiosis linked to a variety of diseases. Metagenome sequencing and robust statistical analysis have linked specific strains, including the gut bacterium Campylobacter concisus, to Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, together known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the roles of this and other strains in disease progression remain to be investigated. Herein, we assess the contribution of C. concisus second...
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作者：Goluguri, Rama Reddy; Guhathakurta, Piyali; Nandwani, Neha; Dawood, Aminah; Yokota, Seiji; Roopnarine, Osha; Thomas, David D.; Ruppel, Kathleen M.; Spudich, James A.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Stanford University
摘要：In cardiac muscle, myosin molecules exist in multiple structural states as they transit through their ATPase cycle, including an off-cycle resting or OFF-state with their catalytic heads in a folded structure known as the interacting-heads motif (IHM). The blocked head configuration (BHC) of the IHM is unusual because its light chain binding region is held in an exaggerated prestroke angle stabilized by interactions with its own S2 tail. An additional partial OFF-state, where the second head o...
