35期

最新文章

• Universal vortex formation time of flapping flight AI翻译
  作者：Sun, Yukun; Palmer, Emily; Dougherty, Christopher; Sbrocco, Cade; Shih, Aspen; Shields, Jena; Roh, Chris
  作者单位：Cornell University; Cornell University; Cornell University
  摘要：Biological flyers periodically flap their appendages to generate aerodynamic forces. Extensive studies have made significant progress in explaining the physics behind their propulsion in cruising by developing scaling laws of their flight kinematics. Notably Strouhal number (St; ratio of flapping frequency times stroke amplitude to cruising speed) has been found to fall in a narrow range for animal cruising flights. However, St exhibits strong correlation to flight conditions; as such, its uni...
• Amyloid β-dependent neuronal silencing through synaptic decoupling AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Yonghai; Chen-Engerer, Hsing-Jung; Zhang, Kuan; Zott, Benedikt; Varga, Zsuzsanna; Chen, Yang; Chen, Xiaowei; Jia, Hongbo; Sakmann, Bert; Nelken, Israel; Konnerth, Arthur
  作者单位：Technical University of Munich; University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; Army Medical University; Army Medical University; Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Neurobiologie (LIN); Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
  摘要：Amyloid n (An)-dependent circuit dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is determined by a puzzling mix of hyperactive and inactive (silent) brain neurons. Recent studies identified excessive glutamate accumulation as a key An-dependent determinant of hyperactivity. The cellular mechanisms underlying neuronal silence depend on both An and tau protein pathologies, with an unknown role of An. Here, by using single-cell-initiated rabies virus (RV) tracing in mouse models of n-amyloidosis, we dem...
• Quantum relaxometry for detecting biomolecular interactions with single NV centers AI翻译
  作者：Li, Min; Zhang, Qi; Kong, Xi; Zhao, Sheng; Pan, Bin-Bin; Sun, Ziting; Yu, Pei; Wang, Zhecheng; Wang, Mengqi; Ji, Wentao; Kong, Fei; Cheng, Guanglei; Wu, Si; Wang, Ya; Chen, Sanyou; Su, Xun-Cheng; Shi, Fazhan
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Zhejiang University; Nanjing University; Nankai University; Nankai University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Hefei National Laboratory; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS
  摘要：The investigation of biomolecular interactions at the single-molecule level has emerged as a pivotal research area in life science, particularly through optical, mechanical, and electrochemical approaches. Spins existing widely in biological systems offer a unique degree of freedom for detecting such interactions. However, most previous studies have been largely confined to ensemble-level detection in the spin degree. Here, we developed a molecular interaction analysis method approaching singl...
• A theoretical framework for scaling ecological niches from individuals to species AI翻译
  作者：Lu, Muyang; Yanco, Scott W.; Carlson, Ben S.; Winner, Kevin; Cohen, Jeremy M.; Soto, Diego; Sharma, Shubhi; Rogers, Will; Jetz, Walter
  作者单位：Sichuan University; Yale University; Yale University; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian National Zoological Park & Conservation Biology Institute; Yale University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：The niche is a key concept that unifies ecology and evolutionary biology. However, empirical and theoretical treatments of the niche are mostly performed at the species level, neglecting individuals as important units of ecological and evolutionary processes. So far, a formal mathematical link between individual-level niches and higher organismal-level niches has been lacking, hampering the unification of ecological theories and more accurate forecasts of biodiversity change. To fill in this g...
• Seeding of visceral adipose tissue with perinatally generated regulatory T cells shapes the metabolic tenor in mice AI翻译
  作者：Marin-Rodero, Miguel; Jayewickreme, Teshika; Benoist, Christophe; Mathis, Diane
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：The Foxp3+CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) generated around birth are phenotypically and functionally distinct from those engendered during adulthood. That perinatally produced Tregs persist for a protracted period in peripheral lymphoid organs has been well documented, as has their superior ability to protect the organism from many autoimmune diseases. However, their contribution to pools of nonlymphoid-tissue Tregs and their homeostatic functions therein have been little studied. We show that...
• Hottest year in recorded history compounds global biodiversity risks AI翻译
  作者：Merow, Cory; Maitner, Brian S.; Meyer, Andreas Schwarz; Pigot, Alex L.; Serra-Diaz, Josep M.; Urban, Mark C.
  作者单位：University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; University of Cape Town; University of London; University College London; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Institut Botanic de Barcelona (ICUB)
  摘要：As climate change accelerates, effectively monitoring and managing the growing impacts on biodiversity is an urgent priority. Here, we identify the exposure of species to unprecedented heat to evaluate the potential impact of 2024-the hottest year on record- across >33,000 vertebrate species worldwide. One in six (5,368) species were exposed to unprecedented temperatures across >25% of their range-68% more species than in 2023. Most (81%) species exposed in 2023 were also exposed in 2024, pote...
• CryoEM structure of ALK2:BMP6 reveals distinct mechanism that allow ALK2 to interact with both BMP and activin ligands AI翻译
  作者：Goebel, Erich J.; Aykul, Senem; Hom, Warren W.; Saotome, Kei; Economides, Aris N.; Franklin, Matthew C.; Idone, Vincent J.
  作者单位：Regeneron; Regeneron
  摘要：Ligands in the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) family [activins, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), and TGF-beta s] signal by bringing together two type I and two type II receptors. Activin receptor-like kinase-2 (ALK2) is the only type I receptor among the seven TGF-beta type I receptors that interacts with both activin and BMP ligands. With BMPs, ALK2 acts as a signaling receptor to activate small mothers against decapentaplegic 1 (SMAD1)/5/8 signaling. Alternatively, with activi...
• Activation of WNK1 signaling through Piezo1 AI翻译
  作者：Jung, Ji - Ung; Stippec, Steve; Cobb, Melanie H.
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
  摘要：With No lysine (K) 1 (WNK1) is essential for ion and volume homeostasis, sensing osmotic stress and activating pathways that regulate ion transport. Its response to osmotic stress shares similarities with the function of the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1. In this study, we show that Yoda1, a Piezo1 agonist, activates WNK1 downstream kinase targets oxidative stress-responsive 1 (OSR1) and STE20/SPS1-related serine, proline-, and alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) in endothelial cells within minut...
• Ice as a kinetic and mechanistic driver of oxalate- promoted iron oxyhydroxide dissolution AI翻译
  作者：Sebaaly, Angelo P.; van Rijn, Frank; Hanna, Khalil; Boily, Jean - Francois
  作者单位：Umea University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR); Universite de Rennes
  摘要：Ice often mediates unexpected reactions in the Cryosphere, acting as a fascinating geochemical reactor. Mineral-organic interactions in frozen environments, such as soils and permafrost, are crucial for explaining the flux of soluble iron during melting events, yet the mechanisms remain misunderstood. This study elucidates the unique roles of freezing in the dissolution of iron oxyhydroxide nanoparticles (alpha-FeOOH) by oxalate, a low molecular weight dicarboxylate, under acidic conditions. F...
• Magnetic decoupling as a proofreading strategy for high-yield, time-efficient microscale self-assembly AI翻译
  作者：Liang, Zexi; Lim, Melody Xuan; Zhu, Qian-Ze; Mottes, Francesco; Kim, Jason Z.; Guttieres, Livia; Smart, Conrad; Pearson, Tanner; Du, Chrisy Xiyu; Brenner, Michael; McEuen, Paul; Cohen, Itai
  作者单位：Cornell University; Cornell University; Harvard University; Harvard University; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; Cornell University
  摘要：Life thrives due to its remarkable ability to create complex structures through the self-assembly of proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules. Achieving such complex assemblies with the same level of fidelity, reproducibility, and advanced functionality in synthetic systems, however, has remained a grand challenge. One outstanding problem is the presence of parasitic products and long-lived intermediate states that slow the reaction process and limit the yield of the final product. Biol...