2025

最新文章

• Impact forecasting for humanitarianism: Opportunities and challenges AI翻译
  作者：Baylis, Kathy; Lentz, Erin C.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
• Nature- based solutions for urban sustainability AI翻译
  作者：Cook, Elizabeth M.; Kim, Yeowon; Grimm, Nancy B.; McPhearson, Timon; Anderson, Pippin; Bulkeley, Harriet; Collier, Marcus J.; Diep, Loan; Morato, Jordi; Zhou, Weiqi
  作者单位：Columbia University; Korea University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; The New School; Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies; Stockholm University; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics; University of Cape Town; Durham University; Utrecht University; Trinity College Dublin; Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology, CAS; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences (RCEES), CAS
• T lymphocyte-specific deletion of SHPT and SHP2 promotes activation- induced cell death of CD4+T cells and impairs antitumor response AI翻译
  作者：Foster, Connor J. R.; Du, Jasper; Pundel, Oscar; Geer, Mitchell J.; Ripert, Ryan C.; Liu, Jia; Heim, Taylor A.; Araki, Kiyomi Y.; Lund, Amanda W.; Wang, Jun; Neel, Benjamin G.
  作者单位：NYU Langone Medical Center; New York University; New York University
  摘要：SHP1 (PTPN6) and SHP2 (PTPN11) are closely related protein- tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which are autoinhibited until their SH2 domains bind paired tyrosine- phosphorylated immunoreceptor tyrosine- based inhibitory/switch motifs (ITIMs/ITSMs). These PTPs bind overlapping sets of ITIM/ITSM- bearing proteins, suggesting that they might have some redundant functions. By studying T cell-specific single and double knockout mice, we found that SHP1 and SHP2 redundantly restrain na & iuml;ve T cell...
• Reactive mixing enables enzymatic depolymerization of recalcitrant or unsortable polyester wastes AI翻译
  作者：Garate, Hernan; Freymond, Clement; Breloy, Louise; Schindler, Michael; Pallis, Jack; Gibbs, Benjamin; Mansaku, Brian; Rondelez, Yannick; Creton, Costantino; Griffiths, Andrew D.; Leibler, Ludwik
  作者单位：Sorbonne Universite; Universite PSL; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI); Universite PSL; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI); Universite PSL; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI)
  摘要：Enzyme-catalyzed depolymerization allows efficient recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottles, which are easy to sort and made of slowly crystallizing PET. However, because crystalline phases are recalcitrant to enzymatic hydrolysis, this technology fails for rapidly crystallizing polyester wastes such as poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), unsortable mixed polyesters, or heterogeneous formulated PET waste streams. We show that melt transesterification and vitrimerization of mixtu...
• Polyploidy promotes transformation of epithelial cells into nonprofessional phagocytes AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Yi-Chun; Costa, Caique Almeida Machado; Ruiz, Nicolas Vergara; Wang, Xianfeng; Jevitt, Allison; Breneman, Christina Marie; Han, Chun; Deng, Wu-Min
  作者单位：Tulane University; Tulane University Hospital; Cornell University; College of Charleston
  摘要：Removal of dead and damaged cells is critical for organismal health. Under stress conditions such as nutritional deprivation, infection, or temperature shift, the clearance of nonessential cells becomes a universal strategy to conserve energy and maintain tissue homeostasis. Typically, this task is performed by professional phagocytes such as macrophages. However, nonprofessional phagocytes (NPPs) can also adopt a phagocytic fate under specific circumstances. Similar to professional phagocytes...
• Growing recognition of post- acute infection syndromes AI翻译
  作者：Komaroff, Anthony L.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital
• Accelerating countermeasure candidate discovery for A- series chemical warfare agent exposure AI翻译
  作者：Morato, Nicolas M.; Mason, Katelyn E.; Corzett, Todd H.; Valdez, Carlos A.; Alfaro, Teneile M.; Hok, Saphon; Cooks, R. Graham; Mayer, Brian P.
  作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Purdue University System; Purdue University
  摘要：The recent alleged use of A- series chemical warfare agents (CWAs) highlights the urgent need to better understand their inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes and the reported shortcomings of traditional oxime countermeasures. Here, using high- throughput (HT) mass spectrometry (MS) technologies, we characterized the largely unknown inhibition tion by oximes, achieving label- free quantitation at rates of up to 7,000 reactions per hour. Our findings indicate i) A- series agents exhibit inhibito...
• A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of gratitude interventions on well-being across cultures AI翻译
  作者：Choi, Hyewon; Cha, Youngjae; McCullough, Michael E.; Coles, Nicholas A.; Oishi, Shigehiro
  作者单位：Kyung Hee University; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California San Diego; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
  摘要：Gratitude practice is a popular strategy for promoting happiness worldwide. However, is it equally effective for people from different cultural backgrounds? To answer this question, we conducted a preregistered meta-analysis on the effectiveness of gratitude interventions on well-being across cultures. Using data from 145 papers, 163 samples, 727 effect sizes, and 24,804 participants from 28 countries, we found that gratitude interventions led to small overall increases in well-being, Hedges' ...
• Strong strain dependence of friction in graphene kirigami allows engineering a negative coefficient of friction AI翻译
  作者：Juel, Mikkelmetzsch; Malthe-Sorenssen, Anders; Sveinsson, Henrik Andersen
  作者单位：University of Oslo; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research
  摘要：The friction force typically increases linearly with normal load with a constant of proportionality called the coefficient of friction. Most materials exhibit a positive friction coefficient, so that an increase in the normal load leads to an increase in the friction force. Recently, materials with negative friction coefficients have been observed at meticulously constructed interfaces due to an interplay between superstructures at heterojunctions, out-of-plane buckling, or the ordering of thi...
• The impact of US assimilation and allotment policy on American Indian mortality AI翻译
  作者：Miller, Grant; Shane, Jack; Snipp, C. Matthew
  作者单位：Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：In contrast to earlier US policies of open war, forcible removal, and relocation individually titled plots of land rather than members of collective tribes with communal land. Considerable scholarship shows that the consequences of the policy differed substantially from its stated goals, and by the time of its repeal in 1934, American Indians had lost two-thirds of all native land held in 1887 (86 million acres)-and nearly two-thirds of American Indians had become landless or unable to meet su...